THE INTER-ALLIED
GAMES 1919
ALBERT R. MANN
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(Design of bronze badge described on page 151).
THE
i INTER-ALLIED
GAMES
pARI5
ZzWuNE TO 6™JujLy
pUDLJSjiED By THE GAA\BS COAVM^TTEE
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^^^^H
Compiled under the direction of
MAJOR GEORGE WYTHE
Infantry
Edited by
CAPTAIN JOSEPH MILLS HANSON
Field Artillery
Art Editor
CAPTAIN CARL V. BURGER
Infantry
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m
The Games Committee. Top ?c/<— Lieut. Col. D. M. Goodrich, G. S., Chief Liaison Section.
Top center— Col. Wait C. Johnson, G. S., Chief Athletic Officer A. B. F. and Chairman of
Games Committee. Top righi—W. A. Reynolds, Associate Director Dept. of Athletics,
y. M. C. A. Bottom left— Ueut. Col.T. C. Lonergan, G. S., Chief Technical Section. Bottom
right— Elwood S. Brown, Director Dept. of Athletics, Y. M. C. A. and Director General of
the Games.
ORIGIN OF THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
o result was ever yet achieved without a cause; no end
ever accomplished without a beginning. The present
volume records the history of the Inter-Allied Games ; impor-
tant in themselves because of their magnitude, unparal-
leled in the annals of sport by reason of the circumstances under
which they were held, and memorable for the good feeling, the pre-
cision of execution and the close adherence to pre-arranged plans
which marked their progress. These Games signalized to a vast
number of soldiers of the various -Armies of the Allies the end of the
Great War and the beginning, in this unique love feast of divers races
and nationalities, of a greater and more hopeful peace than the world
had yet known. But how, at the first, was conceived that ultimate
objective so clearly that it could be kept in constant focus throughout
a long period of preparation ? How was devised, and through what
previous experiences was there an agency capable of devising, the
mechanism by which, from millions of men, strong but weary from war-
fare, were sifted out the few hundred physically elite who finally stood,
clean-limbed and lithe, upon the oval of the Pershing Stadium and con-
tended before tens of thousands of the Allied peoples for the highest
athletic honors of the armed hosts of civihzation ? If the Inter-Allied
Games are to be seen in that sort of perspective from which alone events
can be truly understood, it is necessary that these questions be answered.
In a sense by no means fanciful the Inter-Allied Games of 1919
may be said to have originated with a volleyball and an indoor base-
ball lying in a trunk whieh arrived in the harbor of Manila, Philippine
Islands, one day in 1910. This trunk, together with the volleyball
and the baseball, belonged to Elwood S. Brown who at that time
went to the Philippines as Physical Director of the American Y.M.C.A.
at Manila to see what could be done in the way of building up sports
among, the American civilian population in the Philippines and later
among the natives.
Naturally, baseball was much in vogue with American civihans
and soldiers stationed in the Islands. This rather highly specialized
12 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
game, however, did not reach the great majority of the Filipinos, to
whom mass sports of any sort were an unknown quantity. That
summer at Baguio, the mountain " summer capital " of the Philippines,
where the American officials took refuge from the intense heat in
^Manila, the Filipino clerks and other attaches of the government
were, as usual, very discontented and uncomfortable, the cool weather
of the place being as disagreeable to them as it was refreshing to the
Americans. They knew nothing of occupying their idle time in vigor-
ous physical exercises, but, bringing out his volleyball and indoor
baseball, Mr. Brown induced a group to begin playing with them. The
sport interested them; very soon it enthused them. Every day more
and more Filipinos, not only men but women, came out to play and
more and more wanted to take part. Games between different groups
representing different departments were very soon in popular vogue.
More volley balls and indoor baseballs were imported from the United
States but the supply could hardly keep up with the demand. The
games were carried back to Manila and, encouraged by Governor
General Forbes, Mr. Brown introduced them and gradually other sports
into the Government departments and into the public schools and their
popularity spread rapidly throughout the archipelago. The Filipinos,
ignorant of general play, became enthusiastic participants as soon as
they discovered that skill was not a prerequisite to enjoyment of
such games. During the seventh year of mass play development,
one dealer alone in Manila sold 11,000 volleyballs, practically all
of them to natives, and manufacturers in the Philippines were making
them in quantity in the cheaper grades.
Taking advantage of the newly aroused spirit, Mr. Brown organized
during 1911 and 1912, competitive games between Americans and
Fihpinos in which the natives performed very creditably. In 1912,
at the invitation of the Manila Tennis Club, Kumagae, the Japanese
tennis champion, came to the Philippines and played against resident
Americans and the few Filipinos who had developed some skill in the
game. It was a thing unprecedented for no Japanese athlete, as such,
had ever visited the Phihppines before. In 1913, through efforts
made in various trips to China and Japan, both nations were induced
to send small groups of athletes to take part in a series of Far Eastern
Games, staged at Manila, the Chinese delegation being accompanied
by Wu Ting Fang, the distinguished former Chinese minister to the
United States. The distrust and dislike between the three races was
a matter of tradition; it had never seemed possible that a Filipino, a
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 13
Chinese and a Japanese could come together except to transact neces-
sary business. But on the field of sport they found that not only
could they meet amicably but, each learning that the other was not
such a bad fellow after all, a new and mutual respect each for the
other was engendered.
The first Far Eastern Games consisted of track and field events,
baseball, volleyball, basketball, swimming and tennis. They were
so successful that a permanent organization was formed and largely
through the agency of the Y.M.C.A. and other associations having
to do with athletics, more extensive activities were begun in each
country which had participated. The games were made permanent
biannual events, the second meet occurring at Shanghai in 1915,
the third at Tokio, Japan, in 1917, and the fourth at Manila in 1919. At
the Shanghai Games from 15,000 to 20,000 spectators daily attended
the events, which roused such widespread interest that when
Mr. Brown and the delegation of athletes from the Phihppines
arrived at Peking for the purpose of giving some exhibition games,
they were summoned to an audience by Yuan Shi Kai, the President
of China. Escorted through a maze of circuitous passages into the
center of the Presidential palace and surrounded by burly Manchu
guards whose presence made the visitors anything but at their ease,
the interview was, nevertheless, highly interesting and the Chinese
President learned the truth of the report, which previously he had been
unable to credit, that the medium of athletics had induced Chinese
from such politically hostile districts as Canton, Shanghai and Peking,
to stand shoulder to shoulder as the champions of a common China.
Thenceforward the Far Eastern Games have commanded the hearty
support of the Chinese Government. In Japan they have aroused
great popular interest and enthusiasm and in consequence modern
athletics have made much headway despite the fact that at first they
had to combat the powerful counter-influence upon the people of the
school of Judo, the semi-religious combination of philosophy, art and
individual physical development whose expression, in the last named
phase, is more or less understood in foreign countries as Jiu-Jitsu.
Through the men and the agencies working with him and through
Mr. Brown's own efforts during the latter part of his time in the Far
East, modern athletics were also introduced and started on the road
to healthy development in Siam and through the Malay Archipelago.
In April, 1918, America being in the World War and having a
rapidly expanding army in Europe, Mr. Brown requested war service
14 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
and was brought to France as one of the Y.M.C.A. athletic directors.
At that time little had been done in the way of organizing athletic
relaxation among the troops resting near the front or waiting to go
in the line, chiefly because of demands which seemed more pressing
for work in other lines. But with this physical director from the
Philippines came wide experience in organizing, full knowledge of
the psychology of sport and a vision, founded upon practical demon-
strations, of the possibilities of bringing divers peoples together in
friendship upon the field of sport. Becoming a Field Secretary the
new man began urging in influential quarters more widespread and
systematic athletic activity in the army. There being no difficulty
in arousing the interest of General Pershing and securing full
cooperation from the Army and the Y.M.C.A. headquarters, in a com-
paratively short time the American Expeditionary Forces themselves
were being fairly well equipped and directed for the enjoyment of the
sports in which Americans will always indulge if they are given the
opportunity.
But his underlying aims far outran the mere encouragement of
athletics in their most natural field, among the young men of the
forces of his own country. In the armies of the Allies, struggling
in varied and widely separated fields all over Europe, Mr. Brown saw
multitudes of men bound together by strong ties of sympathy in the
common ideals for which they were fighting, yet often knowing each
other not at all. He believed that, after the triumph of the cause
for which they all were striving, as many of these men as possible
should be brought together in order that they might know each other
face to face and thus lay the foundations for those enduring friendships
which can come only from personal contact and which, in this case,
were of such fundamental importance to the future welfare of the
world. In what manner could they be brought together which would
be most revealing, most harmonizing, most natural ? The answer
was obvious: by bringing them together as athletes. If a Chinese,
a Japanese and a Filipino could be induced to sink their racial antip-
athies when they met on the field of sport, men animated in advance
by interest in and admiration for one another would be certain to find
such a gathering pleasant and profitable in many ways.
To bring this basic idea to fruition was not so easy, however.
But, watching the developments of the war and beginning, early in
October, to discern the unmistakable signs of coming collapse on the
part of the Central Powers, Mr. Brown, who in the meantime had
Membprs of the advisorv committee of the Inter- Allied Games, in the garden of the Cercle
Xnter-Allies, 33, rue du Faubourg Saint-Honore, May, 25, 1919. after the luncheon given by
the Americans in honor of the Allied representatives.
10.
11.
12,
13.
14.
1.5
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
Lt. Col. H. G. Mayes, C. B. E. (Canada).
Col. Arturo Leone (Italy).
Maj. J. A. Cameron (New Zealand).
Lt. Mario da Cunha (Portugal).
Maj. Andrea Gastaldi (Italy).
Maj. S. A. Greenwell, S. C.
Lt. Col. David M. Goodrich, G. S.
Lt. Col. See (French).
Maj. Barbier (France).
Lt. Col. C. Watson, D. S. O. (Australia).
Col. Wait C. .Johnson, G. .S.
Maj. Raoul Daufresne de la Chevalene
(Belgium).
Capt. Antonio Mascarenhas de Menezes
(Portugal) .
Lt. Nelson Pell, A. S.
Capt. Horace Bremie (Roumania).
Lt. Col. E. Martin (Belgium).
Capt. Andritch (Serbia).
Mr. Popovitch (Serbia).
Mr. Gradeojovitch (Serbia)
Capt. Richard H. Waldo, Inf.
Mr. W. A. Revnolds, Y. M. C. A.
22. Lt. Col. T. C. Lonergan, G. S.
23. Capt. E. D. Toland. Inf.
24. Maj. Charles C. Bull, Inf.
25. Lt. Col. Norman Marshall (Australia).
26. Capt. M. Stern (Roumania).
27. Lt. F. R. Miller, Inf.
28. Capt. Ray Harrison, P. A.
29. Mr. Blwood S. Brown, Y. M. 0. A.
30. Lt. R. R. Townsend, P. A.
31. Maj. L. B. Rogers, M. C.
32. Lt. Hajny (Czecho-Slovakia).
33. Lt. Col. Paul Watson, F. A.
34. Maj. G. C. Woodruff, Inf.
35. Capt. W. Delaney, A. G. D.
36. Lt. Horace R. Palmer.
37. Lt. Col. .7. A McDermott, Inf.
38. Lt. Col. R. M. Hardaway, M. C.
39. Maj. George Wythe, Inl.
40. Maj. J. J. McConviUe, Inf.
41. Maj. B. V. Graves, Q. M. C.
42. Capt. Ken Wang (China).
43. Maj. N. A. D. Armstrong, O. B. E.
(Canada).
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 17
become Director of the Department of Athletics, A.E.F.— Y.M.C.A.,
on the 15th of that month launched his campaign by writing the
following letter to the First Section of the General Staff, G.H.Q, A.E.F. :
October 15, 1918.
From : Elwood S. Brown, Department of Athletics, Y.M.C.A., Paris.
To : Colonel Bruce Palmer.
SUBJECT : Proposed Athletic Program for Demobilization Period.
CONDITIONS.
Peace, whether it comes tomorrow or many months from now, should find
us in a state of preparedness against the inevitable period of relaxation that
must be met when hostilities cease. This period will bring about an increased
danger from moral temptations, will be a time of impatient waiting for the day
of departure for America and will call for very constructive and interesting
bodily activity if the dangers of disorderly physical expression are to be avoided.
Fundamentally our Army in France is a physical machine. Physical vital-
ity is the chief element, the most important asset. Two million men are now
engaged in the strenuous game of beating the Hun. They are in hard daily
labor, intensive military training or engaged in actual fighting — physical
expression, nearly all of it. When this is suddenly taken away no mental,
moral or social program however extensive will meet the need. Physical
action will be the call; games and play, informal and competitive, will be the
answer. It is assumed that a certain amount of military work will be contin-
ued but it is not believed that this will be found either sufficient or the best
way to offset the certain reaction that will come about when the fighting is
over.
SUGGESTIONS.
Four activities are suggested below for which in co-operation and conjunc-
tion with the necessary army committees the Y.M.C.A. through its Department
of Athletics is prepared to assume the initial responsibility in promotion and
organization. It should be said that the underlying principle would be to
conduct a two-sided effort coordinating the athletic play program, both informal
and competitive, for which the Association would be primarily responsible, with
the strictly military effort looking towards the accomplishment of the same
results and for which it is recognized the Army will have a program.
ITEMS.
1. Great mass games and play for every possible man — " Athletics for
everybody."
2. Official A.E.F. championships in a wide variety of competitive sports
including military events, beginning with elimination regimental contests,
ranging upwards through the divisions, possibly the army corps, and culminating
in great finals in Paris.
18 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
3. Physical pageants and demonstrations to be held in many centers demon-
strating to our allied friends America's best in sport, her great play spirit and
incidentally her finest in physical manhood.
4. Interallied athletic contests— open only to soldiers of the Allied Armies
— a great set of military Olympic games.
Item No. 1.
This item represents the major portion of the program and unquestionably
the most important part. The Y.M.C.A. is in a strong position to handle a
purely recreative effort of this kind. It would introduce the play spirit and
would keep the activities free from a strictly military aspect ; that is, its recrea-
tive work could be semivolunteer in character and hence would not be regarded
by the men as one more duty in the military day's order.
This item involves for the Association :
1. The immediate arrangement with at least one hundred of its strongest
and best trained experts in mass play now in France to remain for the entire
demobihzation period. Most of these men are now on contracts reading "for
the duration of the war."
•2. The placing of an order by cable for at least |500,000 worth of additional
athletic supplies. An order amounting to $1,085,000 for 1919 has already
been placed.
3. The immediate preparation of the necessary instruction handbooks and
other technical printed matter that would be required.
For the Army is involved :
1. Plans to detail a considerable group of noncoms whom our trained athletic
directors could instruct in the promotion, organization and conduct of the
groups games adopted.
2. The detailing, after hostilities cease, of a number of trained athletic
directors now in the Army who would supplement the efforts of, and work in
cooperation with, the Association directors.
3. The appointment of a committee of officers with which and through
which the Association representatives could work.
Item No. 2.
Division rivalry of every sort is characteristic of our Army and is a whole-
some incentive to better effort. This is particularly true in competitive ath-
letics and, it is understood, in purely military sports as well. It is believed this
rivalry can be most constructively capitalized through official A.E.F. cham-
pionships sanctioned and recognized as such by the Commander-in-Chief.
This item involves for the Association :
1. Technical direction of the ehmination athletic contests within the regi-
ments and divisions of their equivalent units.
2. The securing of suitable grounds, equipment and the necessary prizes
for the finals.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 19
3. The general responsibility for the handhng of the many details such as
entry lists, arrangements of heats, events, officials and the hke.
For the Army is involved :
1. Committees of athletic officers within the divisions to conduct the
strictly military events desired and to coordinate these with the athletic events.
2. A group of officers to sit as members of a representative A.E.F. Cham-
pionships Committee in general charge of the finals.
Item No. 3.
The French soldiers as well as the civilian population are keenly interested
in American sports and the fine play spirit that permeates them. There is
also unusual interest in American calisthenic drills and a number of other of our
best-known activities. There is particular interest in baseball and track and
field sports. Through the Foyer du Soldat baseball has been quite generally
introduced in the French Army. The American Army could make a lasting
impression on French sports as well as a most definite contribution to them by
demonstrating in various great centers in France our popular National games,
and by putting on great pageants such as are frequently used in our munici-
palities at home to typify the spirit and traditions of the community. If mili-
tary band concerts or competitions together with male chorus singing could be
added, the net result would be at once physically stimulating and strongly artistic.
This would involve for the Association :
1. Bringing over from America a number of specialists on events of this
kind.
2. The drilling of many large groups of men in the various pageants. The
general conduct of the games and demonstrations.
3. Furnishing of the necessary suits for the athletic activities and costumes
for the pageants.
For the Army is involved :
1. Committee with authority to treat with the French officials in the loca-
tions decided upon as to the use of buildings or fields, permission for parades
and other required items about which it would be necessary to deal with local
authorities.
2. A general committee of officers to work in conjunction with a similar
Association committee.
Item No. 4.
A Military " Olympic " would bring together the best athletes in every
sport from all of the Allied Armies and would undoubtedly be the greatest
gathering of athletes ever seen. Entry would be restricted to men who had
seen military service in the present war. The amateur-professional question
would be ignored. Such an athletic meeting would unquestionably be a great
factor in cementing on the field of sport those friendly ties between the men of the
■20 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Allied Armies that have sprung up on the common field of battle. International
sports of this kind have always developed mutual respect and understanding.
For the Association this involves :
1. Securing and arranging a suitable stadium.
2. The general responsibility for the technical details.
3. The furnishing of symbolic and artistic prizes.
For the Army is involved :
1. Responsibility for the training of its men entered in these International
events.
2. As the initiative in promoting the Games would be taken by the American
Army, the meet should be of an invitation nature and therefore it is suggested
that if this item is approved, the Commander-in-Chief formally invite the Com-
manders of the Allied Armies to send entries and to participate extensively
in the contests.
3. The organization of a suitable Interallied-Army Committee to work
with a technical committee from the Association forming a general operating
unit for the games.
It will be observed that the adoption of any or all of the above items calls
for immediate and definite plans and also financial appropriations by the Asso-
ciation. These things it is prepared to do, as well as to supply further details
whenever necessary, if the general outline is approved by the Army authorities
and the definite responsibihty now placed upon the Association by the Com-
mander-in-Chief for the operation of the volunteer athletic program with
the A.E.F. be continued to include the period under discussion and the items
suggested.
An early reply will be appreciated.
Respectfully submitted,
Elwood S. Brown,
Department of Athletics.
As American General Headquarters could not at this time offi-
cially recognize the possibility of an armistice, no action was taken
on the letter but it was placed in the files for future reference. Imme-
diately after the signing of the Armistice, the Director of the Depart-
ment of Athletics, Y.M.C.A., renewed to G.H.Q. the expression of the
readiness of his organization to put into effect the plan suggested on
15 October, and on 27 November, 1918, the following letter was
written to the Commander-in-Chief, further elaborating the reasons
not only for holding Inter-Allied Games but for holding them through
the initiation and at the invitation of the American Expeditionary
Forces :
Opening Day. Toy left fo right — Colonel Johnson, General Pershing, President Poineare.
Center left — General Pershing presenting Stadium to French government. Center right —
M. Georges Leygues accepting Stadium from General Pershing in name of Pi'ench government.
Bottom left to right — Colonel Johnson, General Pershing, President Poineare
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 23
A.E.F.— Y.M.C.A.
November 27, 1918,
From : Chief, Y.M.C.A.
To : Commander-in-Chief, G-1.
SUBJECT : Inter-Allied Games— "Military Olympics."
1. In a memorandum previously submitted relative to a general athletic
program during demobilization, for which the Y.M.C.A. was prepared to under-
take the responsibility in promoting, directing and financing, one of the items
suggested was a great set of interallied competitive athletic contests, which
might be termed "Military Olympics." It was urged that these games be
held at the invitation of the Commander-in-Chief of the A.E.F. to the
Commanders-in-Chief of the Allied Armies. Reasons in support of this sugges-
tion follow :
a. Invitation games avoid the customary preliminary meetings which,
experience in international games has invariably shown, involves long-drawn-
out and difflcult conferences before general agreement is possible.
b. Inasmuch as the A.E.F. would be prepared to be responsible through
the Y.M.C.A. for the promotion, direction and financing of the project, imposing
no financial obligation on the Allied Armies other than that involved in sending
their athletes, it is perfectly logical for the A.E.F. to take the initiative in extend-
ing the invitation.
c. Such games would be invaluable in still further streilgthening mutual
understanding and friendship amongst soldiers of the Allied Armies. Infor-
mation is at hand indicating that such games would be welcomed by many
English, French, Australian and Canadian officers responsible for physical
training.
d. Such games would focus the interest of the athletic world both in Europe
and in America; would give a striking illustration of the place of athletics in the
military training of the Allied Armies and would be of absorbing interest to
great numbers of troops during the somewhat restless period waiting their
return home.
2. It is recommended that the Commander-in-Chief extend a formal invi-
tation to the Commanders-in-Chief of the Allied Armies to participate in a
series of interalhed athletic games, open only to officers and men who have
served in the Great War; that the games take place in Paris during the month
of April, 1919; that they be under the joint control of an Executive Committee
representing the A.E.F. and the Y.M.C.A. and that the Allied Commanders
be invited each to send two suitable delegates to become members of an Advisory
Committee charged with the responsibility of suggesting appropriate events.
3. In response to tentative inquiries the Y.M.C.A. has discovered that the
Great National Racing Club of France is prepared to place the Colombes Stadium
at the disposal of the A.E.F. for the proposed games, provided the Y.M.C.A.
will undertake the financing and responsibility of repairing the stadium and
putting it in flrst-class physical condition. The stadium, which is fourteen kilo-
meters from Paris, was the site of the 1900 Olympic Games.
24 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
4 Speedy action is desirable regarding the whole proposition as it is possible
that a somewhat similar proposal, but on a less satisfactory basis, may be forth-
coming from another source.
We believe that if the Commander-in-Chief were to inform the French
authorities that he desired to arrange for such games unless the French had
objection, that an affirmative answer would be forthcoming.
(Signed) E. C. Carter.
Chief A.E.F.— Y.M.C.A.
On 1 December, Colonel Wait C. Johnson, General Staff, an
expert in athletic matters and in his own person an athlete of wide
Army repute, was transferred from the Intelligence Section, G.H.Q.,
in which he had been chief of the subsection charged with coordinating
information concerning the enemy order of battle (G-2-A), and made
Chief Athletic Officer of the A.E.F. His work in this highly impor-
tant capacity will be further mentioned presently. But, as connected
with the present subject, on 16 December, 1918, the Director of
the Department of Athletics, Y.M.G.A., addressed to him a letter
making some very clear and definite proposals concerning the projected
Inter-Allied Games. The exactness with which these proposals were
executed shows how clearly the Director had thought out the problem
and how thoroughly conversant he was with the elements of the situa-
tion. He says :
It is recognized that, in the event of a favorable attitude on the part of
the Commander-in-Chief to the proposal that he invite the Commanders-in-
Chief of the Allied Armies to send men to participate in a series of interallied
athletic competitions, certain details will need to be available for his information.
Basis for games.
The direct invitation of General Pershing to the Commanders-in-Chief of
each of the Allied Armies to send men to participate in a series of interallied
athletic competitions to be held in the coming spring at a time and place to be
designated by the American Army and at no expense to the Armies invited other
than that involved in the training, transportation and billeting of their own
representative teams. The various Dominion Units of the British Forces to be
considered as separate Armies for purposes of these Games.
Operating unit.
A General Games Committee of Army Officers and Young Men's Chris-
tian Association Athletic Directors, totalling not more than five, one of the
number to act as Director General. This Committee would be the deciding
agency and the flnal authority on all matters pertaining to the games.
This Committee would invite the various Armies to send two delegates each
to an Advisory Council which would be asked to submit any proposals desired
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 25
to the Games Committee, to make any suggestions it saw fit and to render
any general assistance possible looking to the success of the competitions. The
active cooperation of such a council would do much to make the games popular
and constructive.
Finances.
As hereinbefore suggested, the various Armies would be expected to carry
all of the expense in connection with the training, equipping, transporting,
housing and rationing of their own competing athletes; this, it is believed, each
Army would prefer to do. The cost of a suitable site for the Games, the neces-
sary prizes (other than such trophies as might be donated), printed matter, and
all miscellaneous expenses would be underwritten by the Y.M.C.A. It is
expected that the American Army could join with the Association in providing
the necessary stenographic services, certain office help and like incidentals.
Site.
The great Colombes Stadium near Paris, the site of the 1900 World's Olym-
pic Games, is available. It is equipped with an excellent running track, a
number of playing fields suitable for baseball, football and other games, has
grandstands seating more than 20,000 persons, dressing-rooms, and other
accessories. Certain other sites may be available, notably Longchamps Field.
Cooperation indicated.
The Chief Physical Training Officer of the British Army in France, Lieut.
Col. H. S. Huntington, has made inquiry by letter as to the probability of inter-
allied games. The Director of Recreative Training, Australian Imperial Force,
Col. Alderson, has stated in person to the undersigned that the Australian Army
would welcome an opportunity to enter games such as those suggested, and that,
if necessary, he was prepared to hold in France the required men to represent
them. The official French national society, " Comit6 National d'Education
Physique, Sportive et de I'Hygifene Sociale," of which Premier Clemenceau
is the Honorary President, is interested in the project and has expressed the
hope that the American Commander-in-Chief would find it possibe to extend
the proposed invitations.
The Games would furnish a splendid incentive to our own American athletes
to enter largely in the A.E.F. championships as, normally, the winning men
and teams in these competitions would earn the honor of representing the
whole American Army in the great interallied competitions.
This project, if approved, will bring real results in physical efficiency, inter-
est in athletics in general, pride in physical skill as well as mutual respect and
understanding between the soldiers of the armies of the Allies.
The Commander-in-Chief was heartily in sympathy with the
proposed Games from the day the idea was first presented. But he
was confronted with one difficulty. Should he accept the suggestions
of the Y.M.C.A. and invite the Alhed nations to enter their militarized
athletes in the Games as Commander-in-Chief of an American Army
26 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
in France, he would be in the position of a person inviting his friends
to a party in another man's house without first receiving assurances
that it would be agreeable to the owner. Before any such invitations
could be extended, therefore, it became necessary to ascertain whether
such a procedure would be acceptable to the French Army and Govern-
ment, even though little doubt could be entertained that it would.
So the Y.M.C.A. entered into communication with the Comite Natio-
nale d'Education Physique, Sportive et de 1' Hygiene Sociale and
asked that it ascertain from Marshal Petain his views on the subject.
On 2 January, 1919, the Comite Nationale addressed the following
letter to the Marshal :
We are informed that one of the welfare organizations oflicially connected
with the physical recreation of the American Army has suggested the idea of
the organization of athletic competitions between the Allied Armies to take
place in May or June of 1919. They have presented this idea to the Commander-
in-Chief of their army, suggesting that he invite the Commanders-in-Chief of
all of the Allied Armies to authorize the Armies under their command to parti-
cipate in these games.
The Comite Nationale d'Education Physique, Sportive et de I'Hygiene
Sociale, under the high patronage of the President of the Council, Minister of
War, has the honor to call your sympathetic attention to the importance that
such a manifestation would have in the diffusion of the wholesome practice
of physical education and hygiene, which is the basis of their program for the
regeneration of the French race.
It will not escape you that independent of the good that France will receive
from this effort along the lines of general physical education and the brotherhood
of arms on the field of sport, there would also be happy results in the general
relations of the various countries. On the other hand the preparation and
selection are events which would create a wholesome rivalry among our units,
small or large. They would uphold in physical form and be an excellent moral
influence to the soldiers, whom the cessation of hostilities has transferred sudden-
ly from the intensive life of the battle to the waiting period of demobilization.
The organization of the military games is assured financially and materially
by our American Allies. The American Army would like the moral support,
advice and public and private help that might be needed, for example, in the
matter of obtaining suitable ground. In this latter case the Stadium prepared
and used would be left without cost at the disposal of the French youth, as a
permanent witness of the ineffaceable friendship uniting the two democracies.
Please accept. Monsieur Marechal, the assurances of our respectful consi-
deration.
The results of this inquiry were embodied in a letter dated 7 Jan-
uary from the Comite Nationale to the Director, Department of
Athletics, Y.M.C.A., as follows :
Dedication Ceremonies.— Parade of troops. Top— Frcncii Chasseurs. Center— Composite
regiment of American troops. Bottom — French Zouaves.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 29
We have the honor to inform you that the Government of the Republic
in the presence of Mr. Georges Clemenceau, President of the Council, Minister
of War, on the one hand, and the Commander-in-Chief of the French armies,
in the person of Mar6chal Petain on the other hand, following a visit made to
them by a representative of the Comite Nationale d'Education Physique,
Sportive et de I'Hygiene Sociale have given their entire support to the principle,
organization and conduct of the great athletic competitions to be opened to the
soldiers of the Allied Armies as set forth in the attached letter.
Marechal Petain awaits the invitation and later the program that he under-
stands are to be presented to him by the American Army.
We beg you to please inform General Pershing, Commander-in-Chief of the
American Army, of this fact, and we are pleased that the Comite Nationale
d'Education Physique, Sportive et de I'Hygiene Sociale has been able help-
fully to aid towards the realization of such a magnificent project.
The acceptability of the Games to the French on the basis proposed
being thus warmly assured, the Commander-in-Chief duly issued
invitations to the Commanders-in-Chief of the various Armies of the
AlUes to participate, with the happy results set forth in the first chapter
of this volume following.
While the present work is designed to be primarily a record of the
Inter-Allied Games, in order to have a proper background for the
story, it will be of interest to indicate in a general way the methods
pursued and the results achieved in the American Expeditionary
Forces during the preliminary period of training before entering upon
the narrative of the culminating event, particularly as the American
preliminaries resembled, to a great extent, those which occurred in
other competing armies.
When Colonel Johnson became Chief Athletic Officer of the A.E.F.
he brought with him the conviction that something was needed to
replace fighting as the stimulus for united, organized effort. It was
evident that a schedule of compulsory military drills and exercises
could not grip the imagination or maintain the enthusiasm of a
civilian army after the purpose for which the majority of officers
and men had enlisted had been achieved by the defeat of the Central
Powers. While waiting to go home, something purely voluntary,
but forming an integral part of the military schedule to the extent
of excusing participants from other duties, was needed as an outlet
for Yankee energies which would absorb the interest of all ranks and
at the same time be of a beneficial nature.
Colonel Johnson had informally mentioned his idea to a member
of the Training Section of the General Staff, G-5, who in turn
30 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
presented it to Brigadier General H.B. Fiske, head of the Training
Section. General Fiske sent for Colonel Johnson and asked him to
elaborate his plan. The outcome of this conference was that on 1
December, 1918, Colonel Johnson was transferred from G-2 to G-5
and made Chief Athletic OfTicer of the A.E.F.
Lt. Col. David M. Goodrich G. S., who had been associated
with Colonel Johnson in G-2, was transferred with the latter. These
officers immediately came in contact with the Director of the
Department of Athletics, Y.M.C.A., and between the three of them an
athletic program fort,he A.E.F. was worked out which was embodied and
published in G.O. 241, G.H.0., on 29 December, 1918. The portion
of the order relating to athletics follows :
G.H.Q. AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES
General Orders
No. 241 France, Dec. 29, 1919.
The Commander-in-Chief directs the attention of all concerned to the impor-
tance of encouraging the development of general and competitive athletics,
for the purpose of keeping up the morale, fostering and developing organization
esprit de corps, and improving the physical fitness of the army.
I. Athletics.
1. An officer of the 5th Section, General Staff, at these headquarters, has
been detailed to take general charge of this work. He will further the develop-
ment and secure the application of a uniform system of athletic training, and
also coordinate the military efforts along these lines and the work of the several
welfare agencies throughout the American Expeditionary Forces.
Each Army, corps and division, and such units in the S.O.S. as the Com-
mander thereof shall determine, will detail similar officers who shall be respon-
sible for the general conduct of athletic activities in their units.
Commanders of regiments and other similar units will also detail suitable
oflicers to supervise the athletic activities of their units. Company athletic
officers will in all cases be assigned and in addition company sports managers,
noncommissioned officers and privates, for each of the various athletic activi-
ties.
The attention of all commanders is directed to the desirability of selecting,
for the various details hereinbefore mentioned, officers and men who in the past,,
either before or after their entry into the service, have demonstrated their
special fltness for this work.
2. Mass Athletics and Competitions. All commanders will, as far as con-
sistent with mihtary duties, encourage, in every way possible, athletic sports
and competititons of all kinds, especially those in which the greatest number
of participants are actively engaged.
With a view to securing the entry of the entire personnel of companies or-
similar units, division athletic officers will arrange mass athletics and group-
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 31
competitive game schedules in which the number of men entering, as well as
the individual effort of each man in the various events in which he enters, will
be taken into consideration in determining the company or unit winning the
event or schedule.
Programs for games and instructions regarding their conduct will be pub-
lished from time to time by these headquarters. They will embrace such
games as volleyball, indoor baseball, tug-of-war, cross-country runs, relay,
obstacle, rescue, equipment, shuttle, potato, leapfrog races, and other sports.
The division athletic officers will, however, consider these programs as guides
only and will supplement the events hsted therein with such other contests as
may seem to them most suitable to the needs of their organizations.
In addition to these local games an all-point company championship will
be held under regulations to be issued later by these headquarters for the com-
pany championship of the American Expeditionary Forces. A suitable trophy,
emblematic of this championship, will be presented to the successful unit, and
individual prizes to those representing that unit.
3. A.E.F. Athletic Championships. OfTicial championships in the following
sports will be conducted under rules and regulations to be pubhshed later.
They will consist of track and field events, baseball, football, basketball, tennis,
boxing and wrestling. These contests will be conducted in general on an eli-
mination basis, beginning with the company and progressing through the bat-
talion, regiment, brigade and division. These events will culminate in a series
of finals for the athletic championships of the American Expeditionary Forces,
winners of the divisional championships to be eligible to enter these finals.
As much latitude as possible, consistent with military duties, should be
allowed all those representing their units in competition for the purpose of
training and developing team play.
The athletic officers of divisions and smaller units will keep careful records
of the athletic performances of the units under them and these shall be consi-
dered along with their military record and general efficiency in determining
upon the selection of units to represent each division called upon to participate
in any international triumphal ceremonies that may be held upon the conclusion
of peace.
4. The Y.M.C.A., with the approval of the Commander-in-Chief, has organ-
ized a Department of Athletics and is prepared to give every assistance in the
development of general athletics and the arrangement and management of
competitions between military units. It has a large number of specially trained
physical directors with wide experience in mass play and in other athletic activ-
ities now in its ranks in France. One of these will be attached to the staff of
each division and separate unit and will be designated in orders as Divisional
(or Unit) Athletic Director and, under supervision of Division Athletic Ofiicer,
will be charged with the responsibility for the arrangement, management and
general conduct of athletic activities throughout the unit.
5. Offlcers, noncommissioned officers or privates desired for duty in con-
nection with athletics may be detailed for such duty and ordered to report to
the division or unit athletic officer. Details of officers are to be made only
by these headquarters on request stating the special qualifications of the officer
32 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
requested, the number, if any, already detailed from his command for such
duty, and that the services of the officer requested can be spared. Details of
noncommissioned officers and privates may be made by division headquarters
on similar request. When it is impracticable for soldiers so detailed to be
assigned for rations or quarters to any organization they may be paid commu-
tation of rations or quarters in accordance with existing regulations and orders.
Noncommissioned officers and privates detailed as hereinbefore indicated
shall not at any time exceed four to the battalion and shall remain on said duty
not to exceed four months, except as this time may be extended upon
application to these headquarters.
II
III. [ Cooperation of Welfare Agencies. ]
1. In carrying out the work outlined in this order the Y.M.C.A. will seek
the participation and assistance of the personnel of the other auxiliary welfare
agencies in such a way as to obtain the maximum efficiency and results.
IV
V. [ Excuses from Military Duty. ]
1. With a view to making it possible for all the men who so desire to take
part in the athletic activities herein provided for, G.O. No. 236, c.s., these
headquarters, is so modified as to authorize all commanding officers to excuse
from all military training in excess of four hours per day all of the men of their
commands who take part actively each day in any of the athletic sports approved
by the divisional or unit athletic officer. The provisions of this paragraph
shall only apply to those organizations that have completed one month's com-
plete course of training under G.O. No. 207.
By command of General Pershing :
James W. McAndrew,
Chief of Staff.
Official :
Robert G. Davis,
Adjutant General.
Athletic officers and welfare workers carried out this order for the
realization of the same end: to keep the men overseas profitably
employed, their exuberant energies directed in wholesome channels,
and most important of all, to carry out the Commander-in-Chief's
determination to return the citizen army to the United States " pre-
pared to take an active and intelHgent part in the future progress of
the country."
The athletic program itself may be divided into three successive
phases, the second and third each being a logical outgrowth of the one
preceding and each designed to accomplish a specific end. These phases
were : 1, Mass Athletics and Competitions; 2, A.E.F. Athletic Cham-
Opening Day. Top — U. S. athletes passing in reveiw. Center Ze/<— Australian entrants in
line. Center right — Dedication ceremonies. Bottom — Serbia's representatives.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
35
pionships, and 3, The Inter-Allied Games. From the standpoint of
the welfare of the A.E.F. alone, the first of these was the most impor-
tant and the other two phases of the program were the more specta-
cular features which were the logical outcome of the success of the first
phase. What was really important was that every man be induced
to play, and that every man should become so interested in the game
that he would receive the maximum physical and mental benefit.
The purpose of the championship games, therefore, was not to single
out the individual athletic stars from the fighting ranks, not to set
up comparisons, not to furnish material for newspaper stories, but to
provide the element of competition which was necessary to furnish
an incentive to play on a large scale. The Yankee, more than any
other man, loves to best someone at something, and he puts into his
game the same fighting spirit, the same unconquerable zeal that he
displayed at Belleau Woods, at St. Mihiel, in the Argonne and along
the Meuse.
While it is impossible to summarize the achievements in statistics,
it will at least be illuminating to make a note of the fact that figures
carefully compiled by the Y.M.G.A. Department of Athletics show that
during the first five months of 1919 the entire A.E.F. was reached
fifteen times over both as participants and spectators. The tables
follow :
PARTICIPANTS
Activities.
Baseball, Standard
Baseball, Indoor
Basketball
Boxing
Football, Intercollegiate. .
Football, Rugby
Football, Soccer
Quoits
Setting-up Drill
Tennis
Track and Field Athletics.
VolIeybaU
Wrestling
Tug-of-War
CagebaU
Informal Games
Walking Trips
Golf
Swimming
Totals
Jan.
105,350
646,066
331,277
142,866
305,467
43,299
209,020
6,770
40,996
322,314
52,596
8,490
65,100
2,170,154
133,400
5,140,409
Feb.
107,187
259,365
225,838
137,405
227,993
1,485
303,738
110,992
1,100,291
8,584
73,303
367,265
41,859
800
196,710
3,612,519
39877
,85
6,816,066
March.
738,841
603,129
735,124
126,263
176,389
369,818
61,801
162,982
26,162
921,436
348,916
46,688
2,986
88,480
i,019,964
46,071
27,530
7,502,580
April.
1,081,931
453,146
210,431
84,504
29,276
245^229
123,500
75,054
57,083
558,853
330,980
33,117
' isisso
1,758,203
25,243
37
32,220
5,112,990
May.
1,300,752
381,190
98,116
51,741
4,571
690
81,898
142,440
80,938
66,955
137,398
256,233
6,776
3,362
749,561
20,882
320
95,117
3,478,940
Total.
3,334,061
2,342,896
1,600,786
542,779
743,696
2,175
1,557,927
482,032
1,628,285
165,554
1,731,986
1,625,708
181,036
12,276
367,502
11,310,401
265,473
1,545
154,867
28,050,985
36
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
SPECTATORS
1919
Activities.
Baseball, Standard
Baseball, Indoor
Basketball
Boxing
Football, Intercollegiate..
Football, Rugby
Football, Soccer
Quoits
Setting-up Drill
Tennis
Track and Field Athletics.
VolleybaU
Wrestling
Tug-of-War
Oageball
Informal Games
Swimming • . .
Totals...'.
Jan.
197,180
194,496
453,459
1,179,260
1,218,054
201 [496
6,548
18,770
36,300
118,936
250,008
25,000
5,800
79,349
3,984,656
Feb.
237.497
129,379
359,094
844,391
876,966
7,120
250,709
11,865
2,460
29.203
126,971
162,012
422,262
5,000
82,550
144,769
3,692,248
March.
861,241
320,227
710,321
1,237,961
1,523,063
357,625
31,735
' 54^892
388,665
274,630
473,779
10,000
85,500
332,259
April.
2,644,848
457,757
548,956
1,275,864
116,237
258,671
80,712
182
96,568
435,815
288,330
271,663
106,166
298,745
1100
6,661,898 6,881,548
May.
4,158,457
432,932
265,910
1,263,443
11,418
18,000
130,435
204,601
147,'6i6
296,009
289,438
133,309
"isigso
610,667
15,791
Total.
8,0P9,223
1,534,791
2,337,740
5,800,919
3,745,738
25,120
1,198,936
335,461
2,642
346,449
1,283,760
1,133,346
1,551,021
40,000
293,900
1,465,789
16,891
7,991,376 29,211,726
The aim expressed in the slogan, "Every Man in the Game,"
was thus carried out. Every manner of mass games was played,
volleyball, indoor baseball, oageball, tug-of-war, and a long series of
nonequipment games for unskilled men.
A. E. F. CHAMPIONSHIPS SERIES
Championships series were held in the following sports : Football,
basketball, boxing and wrestling, golf, shooting, soccer, tennis, track
and field events, swimming and baseball, roughly in the order named.
The first general championship event was in Football, the finals being
held at Paris on 29 March. However, there had been held an officers'
tennis tournament at Nice prior to that time, 19 February-4 March.
The Baseball championship was the last to be determined, the " big
league" opening after the conclusion of the championship events in
the other sports and continuing through the Inter-Allied Games them-
selves. The Basketball finals was the second championship event,
and was held in the Palais de Glace, Paris, 7-11 April.
The method of conducting the championships was very similar
in all cases although there were slight variations on account of the
nature of the sport, the size of the teams and the manner of playing
the game. The most important fact to be noticed was that the title
could be won only after long and gruelhng competitions, beginnings
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 37
in most cases, as low as the company and continuing through larger
army units until the final arena was reached. The general rule fol-
lowed at first was the running off of preliminaries in large units which
were called regions. For the purpose of convenience the A.E.F.
was divided at the beginning of the program into eight such regions,
each containing approximately the strength of an Army or about
175,000 men. Later on, as demobilization proceeded and the 1st and
2nd Armies ceased to exist, the policy was followed of selecting more
than one team from the regions which remained in Europe. The eight
regions were : G.H.O., 1st Army, 2nd Army, 3rd Army, Le Mans For-
warding Area, District of Paris, Advance Section S.O.S., and the
Intermediate Section S.O.S.
After the regional titles had been settled two teams were selected
by a series of semifinals for the championship game. The rule was
followed that the teams which went into the semifinals and finals
were not all-star aggregations picked from the entire personnel of the
various regions which they represented, but were the original teams
which had fought their way to victory. The advantage of this method
was that every organization thus had an equal opportunity to be
represented by name in the finals — a procedure which greatly fos-
tered organization esprit de corps, as was manifested by the enthu-
siasm and loyalty with which the winning teams were backed and
encouraged by the units from which they were selected. As evidence
of this, witness the spirit of Wood, Winn and Wright's Middle West-
erners, who cheered the 89th Division to victory through sternly
contested prehminaries and the final game against the 36th Division
at Paris.
The four months' struggle, from the time the first football teams
were formed until the question of which was the best in the A.E.F.
was decided, illustrates the interest which marked every step of the
various championships series. In the Army of Occupation the com-
petition was particularly keen as the issue narrowed down to the
team of the 89th Division, headed by Capt. Paul Withington, the
team of the 2nd Division captained by Harry Legore of Yale, and
the team of the 4th Division led by Hamilton Fish, the Harvard
Captain and ail-American tackle. The games were played before
crowds so immense that the number of spectators could not have
been increased except by the use of aeroplanes or observation balloons.
In the 2nd Army four no-score games were played between the 5th
and 28th Divisions before the 28th finally nosed out a victory by a
38 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
field goal; then the 28th was in turn adjudged the loser to the 7th
Division on a yardage basis because neither division was able to score.
The St. Nazaire team, representing the S.O.S., presented a galaxy of
stars, coached by Eddie Hart, the gritty Princeton tackle, and includ-
ing in the lineup such men as Eddie Mahan, formerly of Harvard,
and Johnny Beckett, Captain of the University of Oregon team.
The semifinals at Bar-sur-Aube between the teams of the 1st
and 2nd Armies were witnessed by General Pershing and the King
of the Belgians, as well as approximately 25,000 soldiers brought
by special trains. The outcome of the final game between the 89th
and 36th Divisions at Auteuil Velodrome, Paris, was awaited by
thousands in Europe as anxiously as ever the score in the great Harvard-
Yale or Army-Navy contests was awaited by the American public.
A feature worthy of note in the football tournaments is that,
although more than 75,000 officers and men took active part, and
despite the fact that some games were played on fields covered with
snow or ice, there was not a single serious accident and only one broken
bone was reported.
Games were played wherever Americans were found, whether on
the rain-soaked fields of France, under the balmy Italian skies, along
the downs of the Kentish coast, on Luxembourg's neutral soil, or
on islands in the Rhine with the castles of the Hohenzollerns looking
down from rugged chfTs. Champs de Mars, where have trod Roman
legionaries commanded by imperialistic Caesar, or French hosts led
by the saintly Jeanne d'Arc, were the scenes of friendly gridiron con-
tests. German prisoners of war laid out straightaways under the
direction of U.S. Engineers and cleared off grounds for baseball dia-
monds. Detachments of students at the most famous universities of
the Continent and England introduced not only their favorite games
but also their contagious and noisy " ataboys. "
So widespread did the athletic fervor become that the Paris news-
papers printed in Enghsh, truly reflecting the topics of the times,
devoted more space to games than to the Peace Conference, and the
baseball league, organized in June, held its own as a conversational
subject in Army circles with the League of Nations.
The spirit with which all games were conducted was truly sports-
manlike. When dressed for the game all ranks met on a universal
plane where "a man's a man for a' that." A general, an assort-
ment of all grades of field and line officers, first sergeants and " bucks, "
'•-~'^^^ r.
|.
...■■-J..'- '■
4l ^ t/-^^ ^^ji^^i
Openiii'' D^iy— Parade of athletes. Top— Hetljaz. Center Zc/<— Upper, Italy; lower, Serljia.
' Center rif/Zti — Upper, Belgium; lower, America, Bottom— U:i\j.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 41
all in golf togs, contended for honors on the Cannes links, eight kilo-
meters west of Nice in the middle of April. A sergeant emerged as
champion.
The results achieved in boxing were particularly gratifying. The
success with which the matches were conducted under the new A.E.F.
rules, reducing the length of rounds to two minutes and reclassifying
fighters with special rules for bouts, established this sport on an
entirely new plane and gave it an impetus which bids fair to result in
a cleansing of boxing in the United States. The fact that hundreds
of officers have received practical experience in managing bouts in
the A.E.F., and are returning to civil life as warm supporters of boxing,
will elevate the sport and insure to it an established position.
The spirit manifested by the contestants was worthy of the highest
commendation. Voluntarily subjecting themselves to the most gruel-
ling training, receiving no return other than soldiers' pay, the men
buckled down to a long series of preliminaries in which all gave a good
account of themselves. Every bout staged was a real exhibition —
there was no shamming. Out of the thirty-nine contests in the cham-
pionship series, twenty-two were decided on points after the full ten
rounds had been fought; two went to eleven rounds, one to twelve
rounds, and one to thirteen rounds. Only five men were knocked
out, one in the tenth round, one in the eighth round, and three in the
sixth round. Boxing may be called the favorite soldier sport. Packed
crowds gathered around every ring. Many exhibitions were given
in France, Germany, England, Italy and Luxembourg in addition
to the competitions.
It was within a stone's throw of Napoleon's Tomb that the finals in
Boxing and Wrestling were held 7-26 April, 1919. They occurred in the
Cirque de Paris, reserved for the purpose — the place where Georges
Carpentier, the French idol, won his fame. On the final night
General Pershing, in a short address, summarized the achievements
of these sports: "The results of this type of athletics," he said,
"are sure to create a higher type of athletics at home. Two million
men are going to carry back home a better notion of what clean sport
should be."
The track and field stars of the A.E.F. , picked out wherever they
could be found by "scouts," whether in the Army of Occupation,
among the universities, scattered along the S.O.S., or bogged in the
mud of the Le Mans Forwarding Area, were brought to Paris, organized
into a training detachment at Chgnancourt Barracks, and put through
42 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
a period of training and elimination prior to the A.E.F. champion-
ship event. This procedure made possible the high standard of per-,
formance in the A.E.F. Championship Series and served as well the
purpose of seasoning them for the Inter-Allied Games. The finals
at Colombes Stadium, 30 May-1 June, were spectacular. The indi-
vidual star of the meet was Lt. Alma W. Richards, who was a member
of the U. S. team at Stockholm in 1912. The winners received their
prizes from the hands of General Pershing.
Shooting and musketry were held at d'Auvours Rifle Range, Bel-
gian Camp, near Le Mans. There were competitions in rifle, pistol,
machine-gun and automatic-rifle shooting, and a musketry match.
The finals were run off 5-17 May.
Soccer finals began at Colombes Stadium on 12 May and lasted
four days. As the 1st and 2nd Armies had been broken up, only five
regions were represented. The Tennis championship was fought out
at the Racing Club of France 20-26 May. In addition to the A.E.F.
championship at Paris and the officers' tournament at Nice, strong
American teams went to England and Belgium to play in those coun-
tries. Swimming, the last event on the program with the exception
of baseball, occurred 5-7 June at St. James Lake, in the Bois de Bou-
logne, Paris.
ORGANIZATION
As regards the organization which directed the vast athletic pro-
gram, it will be necessary to add but little to the official statement
of General Orders 241. x\t the head of the system was the Chief Athletic
Officer, a member of the Fifth Section of the General Staff, G.H.Q.,
and the activities were supervised by specially detailed athletic officers
in units from armies down to platoons. In addition, these athletic
officers had associated with them quahfied athletic directors repre-
senting militarized societies serving with the A.E.F. Just as the
Y.M.C.A. had played a large part in originating the program, so there
fell to its lot the privilege of having a cooperative share in the conduct
of the Games themselves. On 1 March there were 327 trained Y.M.C.A.
physical directors with the A.E.F. The Knights of Columbus devoted
its efforts particularly to boxing and brought from America some of
the most prominent boxing managers, trainers and referees.
The method of using the personnel varied with the different stages
of development. During the period of mass games the important
matter was field work; the overhead organization at headquarters
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 43
was small. But the staff of G-5 Athletics G.H.Q., which consisted
of Colonel Wait C. Johnson, Lieutenant Colonel Goodrich and an
enlisted man stenographer only, was greatly expanded, necessarily,
during the early period of mass games development in order to take
care of the many details involved in the championships series. As
practically all finals were held in or near Paris, and because it is liter-
ally true that " all roads lead to Paris, " the French capital was chosen
as the logical center for the A.E.F. athletic organization. Accord-
ingly, about the middle of March, 1919, offices were removed from
Chaumont, American G.H.Q., to Paris.
G-5 Athletics G.H.O., played a dual role in that it was charged
with conducting both the American athletic program proper and,
through the Games Committee, the Inter-Allied Games. In order
to adjust the machinery to the requirements of the Inter-Allied Games,
a reorganization and distribution of duties was made on 19 April.
The diagram approved by the Games Committee on that date, with
modifications and additions, remained fundamentally unchanged.
About the middle of May, as it became increasingly evident that a
larger force would be necessary to handle the innumerable details
connected with a meet of such importance, authority was obtained
to call for such additional personnel as was needed. When the Games
opened there were 261 officers, 18 field clerks and 168 enlisted men
on duty with G-5 Athletics, a total Army personnel of 447, aided by
20 Y.M.C.A. athletic specialists, 26 women secretaries and a large
number of women assistants at the entertainment huts.
An operating fund sufficient to cover the cost of prizes, decorations,
entertainments, printing and Hke general expenses was placed at the
disposal of the Finance Committee by the Y. M. C. A. This fund was
used in defraying all expenses which could not properly be met through
Army channels.
ATHLETIC GOODS
Some indication of the popularity of athletics in the A.E.F. is given
by the figures showing the distribution of athletic goods. Prior to
15 March the goods were distributed by the Y.M.C.A., the Knights
of Columbus, and representatives of the Training Camp Commission.
On that date control of the distribution was given to the Army by all
of the agencies having athletic goods to supply, approximately 90
per cent being furnished by the Y.M.C.A.
44
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Below is an itemized statement of leading types of athletic supplies
distributed in April and May.
Baseballs 58,963
Baseball bats 12,646
Boxing Gloves, prs 8,359
Field Gloves 14,385
Indoor Baseballs and Playground Balls 8,171
Opening Day at Pershing Stadium as seen from the air.
CHAPTER I
AN ATHLETIC TOURNAMENT OF THE ALLIED NATIONS
RISING out of the epochal circumstances of the greatest
war of history, the Inter-Allied Games stand out as an event
unique in the annals of modern sport. Never before
in recent times has there been such a gathering of athletic
stars with a setting so unusual, and it is safe to assume that the occa-
sion will not be duplicated within the niemory of the participants.
Those who love to draw comparisons or have a passion for searching
for obscure origins in the dim past may, indeed, find a parallel in the
classic games of the Homeric age when the armies of Agamemnon,
"intrenched" before the walls of Troy, amused themselves with games
and sports not unlike the competitions at Pershing Stadium.
That an athletic tournament of any sort could have been held
after fifty-two months of devastating war, with the Allied countries
impoverished by heavy losses, exhausted by long-sustained effort,
weary after a seemingly interminable period of fighting, was in itself
a remarkable exhibition of the sportsmanlike spirit which had distin-
guished the peoples leagued against the Central Powers.
Inspired by love of the game, a desire to recognize the share that
athletics played in making possible the victory, and the wish to con-
tinue and strengthen the ties of comradeship developed on the battle
field, the countries which had suffered most from the war's desola-
tion entered the tournament with the same whole-hearted enthusiasm
as nations emerging from the conflict in a less exhausted condition.
The meet was "mihtary " only to the extent that every participant
had been an officer or enlisted man in one of the Allied armies. The
question of eligibility was answered by an affirmative reply to the
interrogation, "Were you a soldier in the Great War ? " The ehgi-
bility clause of the rules read, " Each nation participating may enter
any officer, non-commissioned officer or private soldier, who has at
any time between 4 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 been a
member of the military forces of that nation." The amateur-pro-
fessional question, which is usually a fruitful source of argument, was
not raised.
48 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Although the meet was directly the outgrowth of the war, was
designed to serve a need of the Armies, and formed an integral part
of the military program of the host and guests alike, there was nothing
about the Games themselves, to suggest the champs de bataille. The
sports were the standard events usually held in great meets and
in no way reflected the gigantic contests fought out on the battlefields
of the Western Front. The only exceptions were the rifle and pistol
competitions and the handgrenade-throwing contest.
The invitation to participate in the Inter-Allied Games was issued
by General Pershing, as Commander-in-Chief of the American Expe-
ditionary Forces, on 9 January 1919, less than five and one-half months
before the opening of the events themselves. The letters sent to the
Commanders of the Armies with which the A.E.F. was associated
were in all cases the same as the following one addressed to the
Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of France :
AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES
Office of the Commander-in-Chief.
January 10, 1919.
Sir :
The officers and men of the American Expeditionary Forces, being keenly
appreciative of the splendid relations which exist among those who have borne
arms in a great, common cause, and which, in the present instance, have so
happily developed into such deep feelings of mutual respect and admiration,
are most anxious to preserve and strengthen this relationship in every way
possible.
Now that active military operations have ceased, they believe that nothing
could be more conducive to this end than to gather in friendly competition on the
field of sport, representatives of the Armies of each of the nations which have so
long been associated together in the stern struggle for right.
Accordingly, they have decided to organize an Inter- Allied Athletic Meeting,
to be held in the Colombes Stadium, Paris, during the month of May or June,
1919, in which the officers and men of all of these Armies shall be eligible to take
part.
As Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces, I have the
honor, therefore, to invite, through you as their Commander-in-Chief, the offi-
cers and men of the armies of France to participate in these contests and to
express the earnest hope that many of them may do so, so that the ties of the
much cherished spirit of comradeship which have sprung from the gallant joint
effort of our forces on the battlefield may thus be even more closely cemented.
Respectfully,
John J. Pershing.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 49
The twenty-nine nations, colonies and dependencies receiving this
letter were as follows :
Australia, Japan,
Belgium, Liberia,
Brazil, Montenegro,
Canada, Nicaragua,
China, Newfoundland,
Cuba, New Zealand,
Czecho-Slovakia, Panama,
France, Poland,
Great Britain, Portugal,
Greece, Roumania,
Guatemala, Russia,
Haiti, Serbia,
Hedjaz, Siam,
Honduras, South Africa.
Italy,
Eighteen acceptances were received, the other countries finding
themselves forced to decline the invitation owing to the fact that they
had a very small number of men in France and the date set for the
games was too near to allow time for training and transporting others,
or for the reason that their troops had already left French soil and
were being demobilized at home.
The fine spirit which animated all the countries entering the
games is reflected in the following replies :
AUSTRALIA
14 May, 1919.
My dear General:
I have to thank you very much for your kind letter of the 6 May, which I
have not answered earlier as I have been away from my Headquarters seeing
outlying detachments of the Australian Forces, and, I am glad to say, bidding
Godspeed to some half dozen transports of men returning to their homes, in
the knowledge that they have accomplished that which we all set out to do.
I so fully agree with all you say as regards the splendid relations which have
existed between all our troops throughout this great fight for freedom, and I
am very glad to know that you are so anxious, as we all are, to strengthen the
ties which have been formed in the field. I quite agree that Inter-Allied Games
of the nature you are organizing will do much to foster the good cause we have
at heart, and I should be only too glad to do all that I possibly could to help
in the matter in regard to the Australian troops whom I have the honour to
command.
50 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
So many Australian athletes answered the call at the outbreak of hostilities
— in a great number of cases unfortunately making the supreme sacrifice — and
so manyalso have been away from home so long, and are above all thmgs anxious
to return, that I fear our team of athletes will not be as strong as we would all
like to send you; but every effort will be made to send the most representative
athletes in the A.I.F. to compete at this classic gathering of warrior sportsmen.
The matter of selection of teams will be immediately taken up by my Sports
Control Board, and I think we can count on being represented in some of the
events under Boxing, Cross-Country Running, Rowing, Rifle Shooting, Swim-
ming, Tennis, Track and Field Sports, and possibly Wrestling.
In accepting the invitation on behalf of the officers and men of the A.I.F.
I wish to express my belief and sincere wish that this great sporting venture
will be the unquahfied success it so richly deserves.
Yours sincerely,
(Signed) W. R. Birdwood.
BELGIUM
Brussels, 25 January 1919.
Dear General Pershing:
I have been greatly touched by the contents of your kind letter.
The officers and men of the Belgian army will keenly appreciate the expressed
desire of their comrades of the American Expeditionary Forces to commemorate
by an Inter-Allied Athletic Meeting the long struggle in close cooperation on
the battlefleld.
They will be proud to meet the representatives of the Allied Armies in these
peaceful contests.
Believe me always, dear General Pershing,
Your affectionate,
Albert.
BRAZIL
Paris, 20 January, 1919.
My dear General:
I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of your kind letter of the 9th
instant. If I am still in France at the time of the establishment of the Inter-
Allied Meeting you may well count on me and rest assured that I shall do all
in my power to draw closer the bonds that unite our two countries. We have
just seen what President Wilson has done for Brazil.
Constant attention to physical and moral development is the most commend-
able work a country can devote itself to, for it prepares its own future as well
as that of humanity.
Please accept, my dear General, in my name and in that of my officers, the-
expression of my highest feehng of admiration and thanks.
(Signed) J. Nazoleao Felippe d'Ache,
General.
Poster used to advertise the Games. Designed by First Lieutenant J. H. Dulin. F. A.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 53
CANADA
Canadian Corps H.Q.
Oxford Circus House 145, Oxford Street,
London, W.l. I4th May. 1919.
G-5.
The Chairman,
Games Committee of the Inter-Allied Games,
53 Avenue Montaigne, Paris.
Dear Sir:
In the absence of Lieut. General Sir A. W. Currie, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., I write
to thank you for so courteously extending to Canadians the privilege of com-
peting in the Inter- Allied Games organized by you.
We shall be pleased to send :
Lt. Colonel H. G. Mayes, C.B.E.
Major N. A. D. Armstrong, O.B.E.
as Canadian representatives on the Advisory Committee, and these two officers
will be in Paris in time to take part in the first meeting of the Committee on
the 25th inst.
Most respectfully yours,
(Signed) J. M. Prower.
Lieut. Colonel, General Staff, Canadian Corps.
CZECHO-SLOVAKIAN REPUBLIC
Ministerstvo Valky, Minist6re de la Guerre.
34 rue Bonaparte, Paris.
16 January, 1919.
My dear General:
I am deeply touched by the most flattering invitation made in your kind
letter of 9 January to officers and men of the Czecho-Slovak Army to participate
in the Inter-Allied Athletic Meeting to be held in the Colombes Stadium, Paris,
during the month of May or June, 1919.
Our regiments, which have had the high honor of fighting on the side of
your splendid boys in Champagne and at Vouziers, have now left for their home,
and I am, therefore, transmitting your kind letter to our Government at Prague.
Words cannot express the great deep admiration our whole nation at home
feels for the unequalled effort and high ideals put forth by American troops in
France. Your men have been true champions of Right and best friends to ours
in their hardship. Nothing could fill our officers and men with deeper satisfac-
tion than your invitation to meet once more here in France with their comrades
of past common struggle in a friendly competition on the field of sport, and I
am certain that they will do their best to show themselves worthy of this favor.
For the Secretary of War,
(Signed) Dr. Eduard Benes, Jr.
Secretary of Foreign Affairs.
54 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
CHINA
Chinese Military Mission,
7 Square Thiers, Paris (16^).
20 January, 1919.
My dear General:
I have the pleasure of aclinowledging receipt of your favour of the 9th
instant. We are certainly appreciative of the splendid relation with you in the
great common cause and as keenly preserve and strengthen this relationship
as you do.
As chief of Chinese Military Mission, I have the honour to forward your
message and kind invitation of the Inter-Allied Athletic Meeting to be held
in the Colombes stadium, Paris, during the month of May or June, 1919, to
our officers here at present.
With anticipation of the great honor to attend on the field of sport in
friendly competition, I hope that some of us shall be able to participate in
these contests.
Allow us to express our heartiest thanks and earnest hope to the success
in near future.
[ am. Yours most sincerely,
(Signed Tang-Tsai-Li.
fNo. 2)
Hotel Lutetia, Paris.
T. o. 5 May, 1919.
Dear Sir: ■'
I have been instructed to present through you three trophies for competition
during the Inter-AUied Games to be held in June and July. The trophies are
the following :
One gold cup on behalf of General Chin Yun Pen, Minister of War.
One silver cup on behalf of H.E. Lou Lseng Tsiang, Chief of the Chinese
Peace Delegation.
One Chinese vase on behalf of H. E. Hoo Wei Teh, Minister to France.
It is requested that you designate the athletic events for which the trophies
shall be awarded.
I regret to say that China will be unable to enter teams. But I beg to assure
you that we shall always be glad to do everything we can in cooperation with
the American authorities towards making the Games a success.
I have the honor to remain. Sir,
Yours most respectfully,
(Signed) S. T. Liang,
Brigadier General Chinese Army.
Technical Delegate, Chinese Peace Delegation.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 55
FRANCE
Grand Quartier G6n6ral des Arm6es Frangaises de I'Est.
Le Mar6chal de France Commandant en Chef.
G.H.Q., 17 February, 1919.
Dear General:
You inform me that the American Army is organizing a great program of
sports, to be held in Paris in May, at which it is desirable that the officers and
men of the French Army take part in as large numbers as possible in order to
keep up the excellent relations formed in the battle.
I am entirely of your opinion and I am giving orders that every facility be
given the Armies under my command.
It will be necessary, however, that your directing officers establish connec-
tions with my First Bureau and furnish it the details concerning the sort of
contests which will take place.
Most sincerely yours,
(Signed) Charles P^tain.
GREECE
General Headquarters Hellenic Army.
Salonica, 20 January, 1919.
My General:
It is with great pleasure that the officers and other ranks of the Hellenic
Army received the kind invitation from you to participate in the Inter-Allied
Games which will take place in Paris in order to cement our glorious victory
and make more binding the links of our mutual esteem and sacred friendship,
which grew, sprinkled by the noble blood of those who fell so gloriously during
the present struggle, the most sacred struggle that Humanity has ever seen.
The officers and other ranks of the Hellenic Army will be proud to compete
with the heroes of the Eastern front. The rivalry between the contestants will
be of the highest order because in these Games will participate the descendants
of ancient Greece whose antiquity found so many fervent admirers in your
beautiful country.
As in ancient times, the barbarous were excluded from the Games, it is the
same today. In these Games will participate only the soldiers of the nations
which fought for Right and the Liberty of the World. The thought makes us
especially proud of your honorable invitation.
My General, I should be very much obliged if you would kindly give me infor-
mation concerning the events of the competition.
It would be an exceptional honor for us, the Greeks, if you would accept a
branch of Olympia's laurel, and also a branch of the Acropolis olive tree, to be
among the other prizes which will crown the brows of the victors, considering
as a continuation of the beautiful games of Ancient Greece, the games of today
which will be undertaken at your noble initiative.
L. Paraskevopoulos.
Commander-in-Chief
The Allied Forces of Salonica.
56 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
GUATEMALA
Paris, 5 May, 1919.
From: Legation^of the Republic of Guatemala.
To : General Pershing, Commander-in-Chief of the A.E.F.
The Government of the Republic of Guatemala directs me to thank you for
the kind invitation you were kind enough to send him, in order to have this
Government represented at the Inter-Allied Games which will be held in the
near future, at Colombes Stadium.
I have also the pleasure to say that the Guatemalan Army, grateful and
proud to find itself at the side of the gallant American Army, will be represented
by a Captain of the Staff, Mr. Miguel Ydigoras, Military Attache of the Special
Mission of Guatemala which is already in Paris.
I take this opportunity to assure you of my deep respect.
Matos Pacheso.
HEDJAZ
Paris, 20 March, 1919.
My dear General:
I am deeply sensible of the honour you paid the troops under my command in
inviting us to take part in the Inter-Allied Athletic Meeting to be held shortly
in Paris. It will give us the greatest pleasure to participate. I have sent Gen-
eral Nuri Pacha Said of my staff to Damascus to choose such team as we can
supply, and will send you details of our entry as soon as possible.
I have the honour to be, sir
Yours very faithfully,
Faissal.
ITALY
Paris, 29 May, 1919.
Dear General:
I have greatly appreciated the invitation which I have received from the
ofiicers and men of the American forces to the officers and men of our forces
asking them to take part in an Inter-AUied Athletic Meeting.
It is also my opinion that to gather together in a friendly athletic contest
the representatives of the courageous armies which contested fraternally on
the battlefield in a spirit of sacrifice and of military virtue, would contribute
to uphold and increase these bonds of comradeship, of deep respect and of
reciprocal admiration which made of the combined forces, different in race,
language and habits, a united and a most efficient army, and an unbreakable
bulwark.
Permit me to express my most lively pleasure for the proposal of your offi-
cers and soldiers and I beg to inform you that the officers and soldiers of the
Italian army are pleased to accept the invitation which has been extended to
them, and that they are proud to participate in the proposed athletic meet.
Please accept the expression of my most sincere comradeship and regards.
Yours devotedly,
(Signed) A. Diaz.
K^/rt^
yriy^^
/ /
r/ ^ /Afi <-/lf/"//y ^/
■fv^J
2^ '.'/'^'.y-f^i/f /(//O.
C r^/j //l/f ?/fr^ffii ^'/
CARTE POSTALE
La correspondance au recto n'esi pas accept ^e par tous les pays e'trangen
, FACTS ABOUT INTER-ALLIED GAMES
jfe^ formal Opening : 22 June.
W'" Closing ceremonies : 6 July.
Placa ; Pershing Stadium, on outskirts of Paris, in Bois de
Viaccnnes n*ar Join vtHc-Ie- Pont.
The Stadium : Erected specially for the Games by the
Y.M.C.A. and presented to the A.E.F. ; seating capacity
a5,DCo-, concrete structure completed by U.S. troops ; field .
graded and tiack laid by French engineers. To be presenied
to Prance on completion of Games.
Competltftins in the Stadium : Baseball, baskelbalf, boxing,
cricket, tyo^s country race, fencing, soccer, Rugby football,
hand grenade throwing* horse-rid: ng, track and field »port$,
tug-of-war, wrestUog.
Competitions not In the Stadium : Tennis^ swimmiug, rifle
and pistol thootiag^ (owing, 'and golf.
Nations Partlclpattng : Araerfca, Aumralia, Belgium, Brazil,
Caoada, Chltut. Czecho-Slovakia, France, Guatemala,
Hedjaz, Italy, New 2caland, Portugal, Rounun/a, Serbia.
. CMUans and Scldters of all Allied countries invited ; no
charge for tickets, Informatron bureaus will be operated at
all prominent points th l-'.^ris befure and during O&mes.
ADRESSE
M.
DEVAMBCZ, ^ARra
Top — General invitation to the Games. Bottom — Mailing card for disseminating information
relative to the Games.
58 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
NEW ZEALAND
Administrative Headquarters.
New Zealand Expeditionary Force.
29, 30 & 31 Bloomsbury Square, London,
W.C.I.
16 May, 1919.
My dear General Pershing:
In reply to yours of the 6th inst., I have very great pleasure in accepting,
on behalf of the ofTicers and men of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force,
the very kind invitation you have extended to them to take part in the Inter-
Allied Games to be held in Paris from 22 June to 6 July next.
We have already many friends amongst the American Forces, particularly
with the 3 1 7th Infantry, who, under the command of Brigadier General Jamieson,
were attached to us for a considerable period in the Hebuterne Sector.
It is sincerely to be hoped that these old friendships may be renewed and
new ones formed.
Yours sincerely,
(Signed) C. W. Melville.
PORTUGAL
Roquetoise-sur-la-Lys, France, 2 May, 1919.
Dear General Pershing:
Having taken over the command of the Portugese Expeditionary Corps a
few days ago, I beg to be allowed to present to you my compliments as the
Commander of the American Troops in France, and, above all, to thank you for
the honour conferred upon us by your letter, sent to the Commander of the
Portugese Expeditionary Force, inviting us to take part in the coming athletic
sports.
It was with the greatest pleasure that I received your invitation, and I
follow the organization of the sports with the maximum interest and enthu-
siasm.
I am at this moment employing all my efforts to ensure that the Corps under
my command, and my nation, will enter with the highest possible number of
competitors and in the most brilliant manner.
With my greatest consideration, believe me. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
AUGUSTO ROCADAS.
ROUMANIA
Roumanian General Headquarters.
My dear General Pershing: ^^^'^^ ^' ^®^®-
The officers and soldiers of Roumania are profoundly touched by the kind
attention of their American comrades, who fought so valiantly on the French
front, by mvitmg them to take part in the Inter-Allied Athletic Contests.
Although the sports have only recently been introduced in our country, they
will be glad to participate.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 59
They pray you to accept for yourself and to transmit to their American
comrades their cordial thanks for the great honor bestowed upon them and
the joy which they feel in being considered by the Allied Armies and especially
yours upon whom the admiration of the entire world has been drawn by the
superb bravery and exemplary endurance.
Please accept, dear General, the expression of my best regards.
(Signed) Presan.
SERBIA
General Headquarters of the Serbian Army,
General Chief of Staff.
Belgrade, 12 January, 1919.
My dear General:
I have the honor to acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 9th inst., by
which you were kind enough to invite the Serbian officers and soldiers to take
part in the sport contests which will take place at Paris.
I send you my hearty thanks for the happy initiative which you took in
organizing this gathering, and in thus procuring for all the Allied Armies the
opportunity of linking more closely the bonds of comradeship and friendship,
by which they are already so closely bound.
The Serbian Army, in particular, will be very glad to make a more intimate
acquaintance with their comrades of the great and heroic American Army,
not having had the honor to fight side by side with them in that epic struggle,
and always avowing enthusiastic admiration for their chivalrous and nobly
disinterested intervention, which has contributed so much to the splendid vic-
tory won over the enemy.
Please believe in my most affectionately devoted sentiments.
(Signed) Voivode Michitch.
The difficulties connected with the making of all arrangements
for an athletic tournament of such proportions within the short time
allowed were so innumerable that the very project of an interaUied
meet seemed almost too audacious. But such a task did not daunt
the architect of the plan nor the leaders who had given to the world
a demonstration during the fighting days of how seemingly impossible
problems can be solved by organization, industry and determination
appHed to the realization of a dream. All the difficulties melted away
before that same invincible spirit which had overcome even greater
obstacles in achieving a military victory over Germany and her allies
and, in the realm of sport, in estabhshing the Far Eastern Games.
It will be sufficient to indicate only a few of the many problems
which had to be solved. The chief difficulty, of course, was that,
inasmuch as all participants in the games were officers or soldiers
60 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
the competitors had to be selected from the ranks of troops part of
whom were still engaged in important military duties on many fronts,
and the remainder of whom were being returned to their homes as fast
as possible to be demobilized. Discharge from the service was not a
disqualification, but the attempt to select and transport men out of
mihtary control rendered the problem more difficult.
The state of military affairs on some fronts was so unsettled that
Allied commanders were unwilling to withdraw many officers or men.
However, in spite of this handicap, the new-born nationalities in the heart
of Europe , and in the traditionally turbulent region of the Balkans, recog-
nized the Games as of sufficient importance to warrant the taking
of heroic steps to select their athletes from their fighting ranks and
send them to Paris to participate in the contests at Pershing Stadium.
Noteworthy was the action of such countries as the Czecho-Slovak
Republic which entered a strong team in spite of the fact that
100,000 men were still pent up in Siberia, that the country was almost
encircled by enemies requiring the maintenance of troops on all fronts,
and that there were moments when Red armies from the south seemed
to threaten her very existence. Roumania, after having been overrun
during the war, and still open to danger from several directions,
manifested an enthusiastic interest, not only in the Inter- Allied contests
themselves, but also in the furtherance of sports in every manner
possible.
The romantic career during the war of the soldier athletes of the
smaller countries, the difficulties which their teams encountered in
equipment, transportation and training, are topics worthy of chapters
in themselves and will be treated more fully at other places in this
book.
All nations felt keenly the absence from the Games of some of
their best athletes, who, like hundreds of thousands of their comrades
in arms, had been eliminated forever by death, by wounds or by
disease, from all the competitions of life. In many cases the series
of hard-fought competitions, employed by the Armies as the basis of
selecting their teams, by drawing into the field of sport men who had
never before participated in championship events, succeeded in filling
in an equally creditable manner places left vacant by better known
athletes. The spirit of the Inter-Allied Games was characterized by
the action of such men as Vermeulen of France, who won the cross-
country and modified Marathon in spite of numerous wounds one of
which practically paralyzed an arm and left it limp and useless.
CHAPTER II
ORGANIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF DUTIES
OF THE GAMES COMMITTEE
3 host of the Games the Commander-in-Chief of the
A.E.F. appointed a Games Committee charged with full
responsibility for the Games and all matters relating thereto.
The Games Committee held its first official meeting on
4 February, 1919, although there had been informal discussions among
its members prior to that date. It was composed of the same men
who had been most active in making the A.E.F. athletic program a
success : Col. Wait C. Johnson, Lt. Col. David M. Goodrich and
Lt. Col. T. C. Lonergan, representing the Army, and Mr. Elwood
S. Brown and Mr. W. A. Reynolds, of the Department of Athletics of
the Y. M. C. A.
Associated with the Games Committee, which was composed
entirely of Americans, was the Advisory Committee, formed of two
representatives of each country participating in the meet. Its duties
may best be explained by quoting the address by which Col. Wait C.
Johnson, Chairman of the Games Committee, opened the first meeting
of the Advisory Committee in his office at 53 Avenue Montaigne on
25 May, 1919. He said:
"As Chairman of the Games Committee, I take great pleasure in
wel-coming you at this opening meeting of the Advisory Committee
of which you are members. In accordance with the desires of my
Commander-in-Chief and on behalf of the Games Committee I ask
of you your hearty cooperation. The Games Committee will no doubt
frequently, from time to time, call upon you for advice and assistance.
ReaHzing the pitfalls which have heretofore always lain in the path
of international athletic competitions, we feel sure that with your
cooperation and assistance many of these difficulties will be obviated.
We shall be grateful to receive your suggestions as to reception, enter-
tainment and attendance of your military and government officials,
with recommendations as to the ceremonies attending such meeting.
We have in the past received your suggestions as to added events.
Where suggestions have come relative to rules and competitions from
62 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
various sources, we have tried to coordinate them to the fullest degree,
meeting the desires of all concerned. Your response to our future
requests for advice or assistance will be deeply appreciated, not only
by the Committee itself but by our Commander-in-Chief, and the
forces which he represents, and will materially aid in the success of
this friendly competition among the Allied Nations at Pershing Sta-
dium.
" The organization of our Games Committee, as indicated in the
charts furnished you all, has three general sections for the conduct
of the Games and all matters connected therewith. The Liaison
Section, with which you gentlemen as members of the Advisory Com-
mittee will come most closely in contact, has been organized as the
medium through which your written suggestions are to come, also to
assist and aid you and your competing athletes in all ways possible.
We trust that you will command its services. "
Under the direction of General Pershing, the athletic branch of
the Training Section of the General Staff, G.H.Q., G-5 (Athletics),
and the Y.M.C.A. Department of Athletics worked as partners in pro-
moting the Inter-Alhed Games. The available resources of both
agencies in personnel, finances, and materials, were pooled for the
common purpose. The joint responsibility was given recognition in
the membership of the Games Committee itself and also in the roster
of subordinate departments.
Having anticipated the athletic program of the American Expedi-
tionary Forces, the Y.M.C.A. had made provision for its needs by
increasing its force of trained physical directors, by placing orders
for the requisite amount of athletic goods, and by setting aside funds
to defray expenses for prizes, special equipment, and a stadium suit-
able for the championship games. As regards the Inter-Allied Games
alone a fund of 1,000,000 francs was appropriated to be expended
as follows : 450,000 francs for the preparation of a site for the Games;
150,000 francs additional for necessary expenses in connection with
the equipping of the Stadium; 50,000 francs for prizes, and 350,000 francs
for general operating expenses of the Games, including welfare and
entertainment service to American troops and to competitors of all
the nations.
On 22 June the roster of officers of G-5 (Athletics) G.H.Q., and
members of the Y.M.C.A. Department of Athletics directly associated
with the Games was as follows
'■yi^yi/j^ KSM
Form of personal Invitation to the Games.
64 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
GAMES COMMITTEE
Col. Wait G. Johnson, G.S.
Lt. Col. D. M. Goodrich, G.S.
Lt. Col. T. C. Lonergan, G.S.
Mr. Elwood S. Brown, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. W. A. Reynolds, Y.M.C.A.
EXECUTIVE OFFICE
Capt. Richard H. Waldo, Inf., Secretary.
Major J. J. McConville, Assistant.
2nd Lt. R. E. Mickel, Engr., Supply Officer.
R. G. Hinckley, Y.M.C.A., Treasurer,
TECHNICAL SECTION
Lt. Col. T. C. Lonergan, G.S.
Major G. M. Gillet, Jr., Cav.
GROUND AND BUILDINGS • TRANSPORTATION
Major Chas. C. Bull., Inf.
Major M. Browne, Inf.
Capt. K. J. Boyd, Engrs.
1st Lt. A. J. Kelly, T.C.
1st Lt. Robert Orr, Engrs.
Major P. S. Holmes, M.T.C.
2nd Lt. J. R. McCluchion, A.S.
EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES
Majoi
• E. V. Graves, O.M.C.
Capt.
J. S. Switzer, Inf.
Capt.
Lamar Jeflers, Inf.
Capt.
P. L. Bramblett, Inf.
Capt.
W. S. Redhed, F.A.
Capt.
H. L. Harllee, F.A.
Capt.
E. R. Mclver, F.A.
1st Lt. E. E. Spencer, Inf.
1st Lt. Jas. H. Scott, Inf.
2nd Lt. J. P. Walden, A.S.
A. M. Gelston, Y.M.C.A.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 65
COMPETITIONS
Lt.Co]. Benj. F. Castle, A.S.
1st Lt. D. A. Montgomery, S.G.
2nd Lt. F. S. Haberly, C.A.C.
F. C.Brown, Y.M.C.A.
C. F. Williams, A.F.C.
A. G. Estes, A.F.C.
H. S. Spingler, A.F.C.
OFFICIALS
Major Roland F. Walsh, Inf.
Capt. Sanford, F.A.
Lt. Krugh.
FIELD MANAGER
Colonel J. H. Thompson.
Capt. E. C. Shively.
Capt. R. G. Stephens.
F. C. Brown, Y.M.C.A.
PROGRAMS AND STATISTICS
Major Philip Fox.
Lt. Col. Earl D. Church, Ord.
Lt. Wallace Campbell, Inf.
Lt. Wm. H. Jones, Inf.
BASEBALL
Major R. F. Hyatt, F.A.
Al. Orth, Y.M.C.A.
Capt. G. M. Roudebush, Inf.
BASKETBALL
Capt. Morgan, Inf.
A. E. Marriott, Y.M.C.A.
Capt. W. Austin Bennett.
Lt. H. G. Sydenham.
Lt. C. K. Brownell, M.T.C.
66 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
BOXING AND WRESTLING
Capt. 0. B. Cardwell, F.A.
Lt. W. J. Hall, Inf.
Jimmie Bronson, Y.M.C.A.
FENCING
Capt. F. M. Van Natter,
Lt. Eugene Cook, Engr.
GOLF
Maj. E. L. White, Ord.
Capt. A. L. Hawley.
HAND-GRENADE THROWING
Capt. Wint. Smith, Inf.
HORSE-RIDING COMPETITIONS
Col. H. R. Richmond, G.S.
Col. C. E. Hawkins, Inf.
Lt. Col. T. M. Knox, Inf.
Lt. Col. D. D. Gregory, S.C.
Capt. A. B. Custis, Cav.
Capt. de Sugny, French Army.
Lt. W. D. Van Ingen, Cav.
Lt. Col. Ches. B. Amory, Cav.
Lt. Col. E. F. Graham, Cav.
Col. H. J. Bull, Inf.
ROWING
Capt. G. D. Wiman, F.A.
Lt. Albright.
RUGBY FOOTBALL
Capt. H. R. Stolz, M.C.
W. F. Hopkins, Y.M.C.A.
1st Lt. Sherman, Inf.
2nd Lt. W. 0. Fletcher, Engrs.
SOCCER FOOTBALL
Capt. Lynn Reynolds, A.S.
Geo. B. Cole, Y.M.C.A.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 67
SWIMMING AND WATER POLO
Gapt. W. F. Redfield, Inf.
Lt. J. A. Ridley, Inf.
J. E. Beckett, Y.M.G.A.
TRACK AND FIELD
Major A. D. Surles, Cav.
Geo. E. Goss, Y.M.G.A.
Major G. G. Ghilds, Inf.
2nd Lt. A. D. Lightbody, F.A.
CAMPS
Lt. Gol. 0. W. Griswold, G.S.
Major G. A. Shannon, Inf.
Gapt. F. A. Little, Inf.
Gapt. L. F. Buttolph, Inf.
Gapt. W. A. Jacques, M.G.
1st Lt. G. S. Powell, Inf.
2nd Lt. Achille Ganguet, Inf.
MEDICAL ARRANGEMENTS
Lt. Gol. Robert M. Hardaway, M.G.
Gapt. Wm. A. Jacques, M.G.
1st Lt. G. F. Gelston, M. G.
1st Lt, G. Braun, M.G.
1st Lt. H. A. Moncreif, M.G.
LIAISON SECTION
Lieut. Gol. David M. Goodrich, G. S.
Major Lester B. Rogers, M.G.
Gapt. William W. Hoyt, M.G.
Australia: Gapt. Richard N. Piatt, M.G., 1st Lt. L. D. Mordridge,
A.D.C.
Belgium : Gapt. Ray Harrison, F. A.
Brazil : Gapt. George A. Gordon, F.A.
Canada : Gapt. James Gould, F. A.
Ghina: 1st Lt. Percy T. Strong, G. of I.
Czecho-Slovakia : 1st Lt. Roger R. Townsend, F. A.
France : Gapt. Thomas K. Finletter, F.A., Gapt. J. Andre Feuilhoux,
F.A., 1st Lt. William S. Reid, F.A.
68 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Great Britain : Gapt. Edmund L. Kagy, Inf.
Greece: 1st Lt. Clarence D. Brenner, G. of I.
Guatemala : 1st Lt. J. B. Carroll, A.S,
Hedjaz: 2nd Lt. Terence R. Johnston, A.S.
Italy: 1st Lt. Albert M. C. McMaster, C. of I., 1st Lt. John
b. Steen, G. of. I.
Newfoundland : Gapt. James Gould, F.A.
New Zealand : Gapt. Will Shafroth, F.A.'
Poland : 1st Lt. Nelson Fall, A.S,
Portugal: 1st Lt. Harold J. Hotton, F.A.
Roumania : Capt. Henry 0. Silsbee, F.A., IstLt. Fred R. Miller, Inf.
Serbia : Gapt. James D. Basey, Inf.
1st Lt. L. J. Le Tourneau, Inf., Secretary.
1st Lt. Joseph B. Corboy, Inf.
1st Lt. Jeremiah J. Hagerty, Inf.
1st Lt. W. H. Hamilton, F.A.
1st Lt. Robert H. R, Loughborough, Inf.
Capt. Allan H. Muhr, A.A.S.-M.C.
Gapt. Edward D. Toland, Inf.
GENERAL SECTION
Lt. Col. J. A. McDermott, Inf.
Capt. Harry 0. Ware, Cav.
2nd Lt. W. R. Callaway, Inf.
RECEPTIONS AND ENTERTAINMENTS
Col. J. W. Beacham, Inf.
Lt. Col. Paul Watson, F.A.
Major W. F. Donnelly, Inf.
Major Sam R. Epperson, Inf.
Major N. B. Ewing, Inf.
Major A. W. Kipling, U.S.A.A.S.
Major L, F. Stone, Inf.
Capt. E. S. Donoho, Inf.
Capt. K. W. Firman, Inf.
Capt. J. P. Holmes, Inf.
Capt. E. T. Miller, Inf.
Capt. F. H. Stafford, Inf.
Capt. J. M. Whittaker, Inf.
1st Lt. Melville Booz, Inf.
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70 THE INTER-ALLIED GAiMES — 1919
1st Lt. E. G. Burkhead, O.M.C.
1st Lt. A. F. Carter, Inf.
1st Lt. Henry Carter, A.S.
1st Lt. R. Herrick, Inf.
1st Lt. Wm. Kelly, Inf.
1st Lt. Charles J. La Marre, U.S.A.A.S.
1st Lt. J. A. O'Neil, Inf.
1st Lt. Percival Roberts, U.S.A.A.S.
1st Lt. E. S. Sandmeyer, Inf.
1st Lt. 0. F. Triplett, Inf.
1st Lt. Geo. Warren, U.S.A.A.S.
2nd Lt. Claud M. McCue, Inf.
2nd Lt. W. J. Wilkins, Inf.
Lt. H. Haye, French Army.
Lt. De Gretry, French Army.
Wm. M. Berry, Y.M.C.A.
CEREMONIES AND PARADES
Major J. B. Wogan, C.A.C.
Major H. T. Creswell, Inf.
Major G. H. Gray, Inf.
Capt. G. H. Bryan, Aviation.
Capt. H. B. Butler, Inf.
Capt. C. K. Clark, Inf.
Capt. L. H. De Baun, Ord.
Capt. J. D. Matthews, Artillery.
1st Lt. J. W. Charlton, Inf.
1st Lt. J. J. Conroy, Inf.
1st. Lt. H. E. Higginson, Inf.
1st Lt. H. W. Hildebrand, Inf.
1st Lt. D. H. Hilliker, Inf.
1st Lt. N. H. Hunter, Inf.
1st Lt. H. S. Messick, Inf.
1st Lt. P. A. Villere, C.A.C.
1st Lt. Fred Yeager, Inf.
2nd Lt. L. H. Black, Inf.
2nd Lt. M. L. Fowler, Inf.
2nd Lt. H. G. Gosselin, Ord.
2nd Lt. A. F. Kelly, Inf.
2nd Lt. Alfred R. Harris, Aviation.
. PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 71
2nd Lt. W. S. Taylor, Artillery.
2nd Li. J. W. O'Brien, Ord.
2nd Lt. R. Neumuller, Inf.
2nd Lt. S. B. Galey, Inf.
1st Lt. Boutieller, French Army.
J. K. Croft, Y.M.C.A.
PRIZES
Major C. C. Woodruff, Inf.
Gapt. W. B. Sparks, A.C.D.
Gapt. Clifton W. Toms, Jr., Inf.
1st Lt. G. Roome, Gav.
1st Lt. Caster Lowenstein, Inf.
2nd Lt. Donald V. Shuhart, F.A.
PRESS AND PUBLICITY
Major Samuel A. Greenwell, S.C.
Major Owen J. Watts, A.C.D.
Gapt. Theo. H. Tapping, Inf.
Gapt. Robert B. Smallwood, F.A.
Gapt. Corliss G. Mosely, A.S.
1st Lt. Errol G. Chase, Inf.
1st Lt. John F. Williams, Inf.
1st Lt. Fred M. Williams, F.A.
1st Lt. Alfred M. Uhler, U.S.A.A.S.
1st Lt. Archie G. Swanson, Inf.
1st Lt. John B. Stearns, U.S.A.A.S.
1st Lt. Samuel D. Smoley, F.A.
1st Lt. Gregory D. Smith, F.A.
1st Lt. Earl E. Pardee, U.S.A.A.S.
1st Lt. Allen E. Peck, A.S.
1st Lt. Russell M. Page, Inf.
1st Lt. Adolph S. Ochs Jr., Gav.
1st Lt. Roujet D. Jenkins, Q.M.C.
1st Lt. Benjamin H. Hall, Q.M.C.
1st Lt. Louis H. Frohman, O.M.C.
1st Lt. Jason C. Easton, C. of I.
1st Lt. Galen B. Croxton, A.S.
1st Lt. Gordon W. Cameron, Inf.
2nd Lt. Minott Saunders, A.S.
72 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
2nd Lt. Samuel T. Williamson, Inf.
2nd Lt. Paul Watkins, Inf.
2nd Lt. J. Smith Thomas, A.S.
2nd Lt. Horace Ray Palmer, F.A.
2nd Lt. James Milton Newell, A.S.
2nd Lt. Wra. D. Hise, Inf.
2nd Lt. Leshe N. Hildebrand, Inf.
2nd Lt. John H. Gray, F.A.
2nd Lt. Hugh ElHott, Engrs.
2nd Lt. Rollin E. Chapman, A.S.
2nd Lt. Francis J. Buckley, A.S.
2nd Lt. Carlton K. Brownell, M.T.C.
2nd Lt. Walter J. Blum, Inf.
WiHiam Unmack, Y.M.C.A.
HISTOmCAL BRANCH
Major George Wythe, Inf.
Capt. Joseph Mills Hanson, F.A.
Capt. Rex Byerley Shaw, F.A.
1st Lt. Stephen A. Walser, C. of I.
2nd Lt. Wm. B. Ruggles, Inf.
Capt. Carl. V. Burger, Inf.
1st Lt. H. B. Peare, Q.M.C.
1st Lt. R. M. Rice, Inf.
1st Lt. A. W. McFarland, Inf.
1st Lt. R. H. Scannell, Engrs.
1st Lt. S. H. Moise, Inf.
2nd Lt. W. C. Halbert, Engrs.
2nd Lt. A. C. Webb, F.A.
2nd Lt. H. H. Wertz, F.A.
TICKETS
Capt. Ward Delaney, A.G.D.
Capt. Ralph W. Baker. Engrs.
Capt. E. H. Spencer, Inf.
Capt. J. A. Given, Engrs.
Capt. Howard Warner, Engrs.
Capt. W. W. Foreman, Inf.
1st Lt. Kenneth W. Reed, Inf.
1st Lt. G. I. Lubben, Inf.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 73
1st Lt. W. S. Hoover, Inf.
1st Lt, R. I. Poole, Engrs.
2nd Lt. Wm. B. Blanfuss, A.S.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
America: Brig. Gen. H. B. Fiske ; Brig. Gen. W. W. Harts, Chair-
man.
Australia: Lt. Col. C. V. Watson, D.S.O. ; Maj. S- A. Middleton,
D.S.O.
Belgium: Lt. Col. E. Martin; Maj. Raoul Daufresne de la Cheva-
lerie.
Brazil: Maj. Breant.
Canada: Lt. Col. H. G. Mayes, G.B.E. ; Maj. N. A. D. Armstrong,
O.B.E.
China: Brig. Gen. S. T. Liang ; Brig. Gen. P. T. Dan.
Czecho-Slovakia: Maj. PierHnger; Capt. Smutny.
France: Lt. Col. See, Vice-Chairman ; Maj. Barbier.
Great Britain: Maj. H. C. Hartley; Maj. F. K. Hardy, D.S.O.
Greece: Maj. George Bellias ; Lt. Jean Rozis.
Guatemala: Dr. Rodolfo Robles ; Capt. Miguel Ydigoras,
Hedjas: Mr. Aouni Abdul-Hadi.
Italy: Col. Arturo Leone; Maj. Andrea Castaldi.
New Zealand: Maj. J. A. Cameron.
Portugal: Capt. Antonio Mascarenhas de Menezes ; Lt. Marie de
Cunha.
Roumania: Lt. Col. V. I. Badulescu ; Capt. Horace Eremie.
Serbia: Capt. Andritch ; Lieut. Matitch ; Maj. L. B. Rogers, M.C.
Secretary.
The duties of the various departments and the relation of each
department to other branches of the organization is seen at a glance
in the table of organization of date of 21 June,1919. — (See diagram,
"The Games Committee, Inter-Allied Games — Organization and
Distribution of Work," opposite page 80.)
The responsible head of the organization was Colonel Johnson,
chairman of the Games Committee. Closely associated with him was
Mr. Brown of the Y.M.C.A., who, as the originator of the plan for
athletics in the A.E.F. and the Inter-AlHed Games, and one of the
hardest workers for the success of the program, had a clear vision of
the end to be accomplished and knew the best means to be used for
74 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
its realization. Mr. Brown was Director General of the Games.
Lieutenant Colonel Goodrich, who had been charged with the issuance
of the original invitations to the Allied Armies to participate in the
meet, retained, throughout, the direction of all matters of liaison. The
Liaison Section, of which Colonel Goodrich was chief, was the interme-
diary between the guests of the Games and all the various departments
of the Games organization.
In February, 1919, when it was realized that a few officers at Chau-
mont would not be able to handle the multitudinous details of the
A.E.F. championship series, Captain Richard H. Waldo was made
Secretary of G-5 (Athletics) for the purpose of forming the necessary
organization. G-5 (Athletics) was at that time organized with a divi-
sion of duties along the same lines as given in the table of organization
of the Inter-AUied Games, although, of course, modifications and
enlargements were necessary for the culminating event at Pershing
Stadium. As Secretary of The Games Committee, Captain Waldo
acted as the interpreter of the flexible organization, which had rapidly
developed and expanded, and as the "buffer" between the Games
Committee and its many points of contact.
The duties connected with any great athletic meet are naturally
grouped around two facts: the event and the setting for the event.
In accordance with this logical division of labor all departments
charged with the Games themselves such as the competitions, the site
for the competitions, equipment and supphes, camps for the athletes
of all countries, and medical service, were put under one chief. Lieu-
tenant Colonel T. C. Lonergan, the entire group of activities being
called the Technical Section. But whether " the play's the thing "
or not, it was by no means sufficient merely to arrange for the competi-
tions. The stage on which the play was to be given and the specta-
tors invited to witness the performance had to be given equal consid-
eration. The Stadium had to be decorated ; the program of sports
was to be supplemented by parades and ceremonies ; the pubHc must
be informed through the press, from posters and by information
booths, of what was to take place; it was a part of the duty of the
host to receive and entertain athletes and visitors; prizes to be awarded
the victors had to be prepared; who were to attend the games, how
they were to receive their tickets and the means of transportation
they were to use, were problems that had to be solved. This long list
of duties, coordinated by Lieutenant Colonel J. A. McDermott, was
embraced under the General Section.
c4
76
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
For the most part the established principle of "army channels"
was followed. Matters of policy were established by the section
heads ; the execution of details was left to officers in charge of depart-
ments or subdepartments. Owing to the short time between the
original step toward holding the Games and the date on which the
formal dedication was held at Pershing Stadium, it was necessary to
keep the organization as flexible as possible and to allow great latitude
and initiative to all subordinate officials. The results justified this
action. The problems which confronted the head of each department
at the beginning of the organization, the manner in which the officers
and Y.M.G.A. officials set about removing difficulties and getting
everything ready for the big event, and, finally, the crowning success
of the Games themselves, clearly proved that the coordinated efforts
of G-5 (Athletics) and the Department of Athletics Y.M.G.A. had not
been in vain.
CHAPTER III
CHOOSING THE SPORTS PROGRAM
NE of the very first problems faced by the Games Committee
was that of deciding on the sports in which competitions
were to be held. There was no precedent. This was to be
an invitation tournament with the Commander-in-Chief of
the American Expeditionary Forces in the role of host, and to the
host in such tournaments, invariably, according to American custom,
falls the prerogative of arranging the program of competitions.
But in America there is a recognized set of sports, all or any number
of which may be chosen with little likelihood of unfairness to any
competing team. This is not true in making up a program for interna-
tional contests for the very obvious reason that what is a common sport in
one country may be comparatively unknown in another. True, the
Olympic Games had done much before the Great War to standardize
sports throughout the world, but there had not been enough progress
made to simplify the selecting of a program of sports for international
competition.
When the matter of staging the big tournament had been first
suggested the term "Military Olympic" was used. The competition
was to be among soldiers or men who had been soldiers but a few months
before. Why not arrange a program of military sports only ? But
what are military sports ? Every known sport can easily be traced
back to a time when it was an exercise in which a warrior must excel
and excellence in most of them is just as useful to a soldier in modern
warfare as it was at any time in the past. There seemed no way to
make the tournament a distinctively military tournament.
To compare the methods of warfare in the days when men- first
banded together against a common enemy, when fleetness of foot
counted toward victory, with the methods of modern warfare in which
men walk 100 meters in four minutes behind a curtain barrage and
even a "runner" seldom runs, may seem far-fetched; but there is
little difference between the range and accuracy required by our
ancient forefathers in pelting their enemies with smooth round stones
and that required by a well trained modern bomber in hurling his
78 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
hand grenades. The same kind of endurance that enabled Miltiades'
runner to carry his message from Marathon to Athens was needed
by the warriors of the Alhes when for weeks, without faltering from
weariness, they harassed the retreating Germans from the Hindenburg
Line to the Meuse, the Aisne and the Scheldt. So running and
throwing, recognized as exercises necessary in the training of the
early warriors, have always been included in athletic contests in the
forms of sprints, runs, the shotput and the discus throw.
Therefore a study of the things lending themselves to athletic
competition which should be well done by the modern soldier brought
out but one new event — hand-grenade throwing.
In one of the early meetings of the Games Committee, in April, 1919,
the suggestion was made that bayonet competition be included in
the list of events. This was a form of warfare that had been highly
developed during the Great War and it was a part of every infantry-
man's training. After due consideration it was decided that there
could be no satisfactory manner of judging such a competition and
the Committee rejected it as an event in the Games.
Many sports were suggested to the Committee that were not made
official events, usually on the ground that it would be impossible
to arrive at satisfactory decisions in judging them. Among those
rejected were some well known sports including diving for form. This
is a most attractive event both to the participant and to the spectator,
but it is decided on a point system based entirely on a consensus of
opinion of the judges. All sports which involved form were rejected,
A walking competition was suggested but rejected because of the
difficulty always encountered in distinguishing between walking and
running.
The Games Committee, composed wholly of American officers
and Y.M.C.A. athletic experts, realized the difficulty of arranging a
program that would not favor too strongly any one country. Its
first step, therefore, was to make a list of the best known forms of
athletic competition which it termed "Recognized Sports." These
were definitely selected for inclusion in the Games. This list of events
embraced :
1. Baseball.
2. Basketball.
3. Boxing.
a. Bantamweight 118 pounds and under
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 79
b. Featherweight 125 pounds and under
c. Lightweight 135 " and under
d. Welterweight 145 " and under
e. Middleweight 160 " and under
/. Light Heavyweight 175 " and under
g. Heavyweight over 175 pounds.
4. Cross Country Race — 10,000 meters — individual competition.
5. Fencing — Foils — individual and team competition.
6. Fencing— Sabers
7. Fencing— Epee
8. Football — Soccer.
9. Football — American Intercollegiate.
10. Football— Rugby.
11. Golf — Individual and team competition.
12. Hand-Grenade Throwing.
13. Horse-Riding Competition.
14. Rowing — Single sculls.
15. Rowing — 4-oared shells.
16. Rowing — 8-oared shells.
17. Shooting — Army Rifle — Team competition.
18. Shooting — Army Rifle — Individual competition.
19. Shooting — Revolver or Automatic Pistol — Service weapons
—Team competition.
20. Shooting — Revolver or Automatic Pistol — Service weapons
— Individual competition.
21. Swimming :
a. 100 meters, free style
b. 100 meters, back stroke
c. 200 meters, breast stroke
d. 400 meters, free style
e. 800 meters, free style
/. 1,500 meters, free style
g. 800 meters, relay, free style— 4 men (4x200).
22. Tennis — Singles and Doubles.
23. Track and Field Sports :
a. 100-meter Dash
b. 200-meter Dash
c. 400-meter Run
d. 800-meter Run
80 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
e. 1500-meter Run
/. Modified Marathon — 16,000 meters
g. 110-meter High Hurdles
h. 200-meter Low Hurdles
I. Running High Jump
k. Standing Broad Jump
I. Running Hop, Step and Jump
m. Pole Vault
n. Throwing the Javelin, best hand
0. Throwing the Discus, best hand
p. Putting the 16-lb Shot, best hand
q. Pentathlon :
200 meter dash,
Running Broad Jump,
Shot put, 16-lb, best hand,
Throwing Discus, best hand,
1500 meter run
r. Relay Race, 800 meters, 4 men (4x200)
s. Relay Race, 1600 meters, 4 men (4x400)
I. Medley Relay Race, 4 men
First man runs 200 meters.
Second man runs 400 meters.
Third man runs 800 meters.
Fourth man runs, 1600 meters.
24. Tug-of-War, 9-man team.
25. Water Polo.
26. Wrestling — Catch-as-Gatch-Gan and Greco-Roman :
a . Bantamweight 118 pounds and under
b. Featherweight 125 " and under
c. Lightweight 135 " and under
d. Welterweight 145 " and under
e. Middleweight 160 " and under
/. Light Heavyweight 175 " and under
g. Heavyweight over 175 pounds.
But as there was to be no winner of the Inter-Allied Games, only
the winners in the separate events being recognized, each country
had the privilege of entering only such events as it desired. A still
more liberal provision was included which allowed any sport which
THE GAMES COMMITTEE
INTERALLIED GAMES
ORGANIZATION and DISTRIBUTION ofWORK
THE GAMES COMMITTEE
CoL.W.C Johnson, Sen'l 5taff, Chairman.
Lr.Cot.DM.GoopnicH, Gem'l ^tafp .Vice-Chairm/
Lt.Col.TC LoNERGAN, GenY 6taff.
MR.E.5.5nowN, YM.C.A
Mr . W./<. Reynolps, Y M.CA.
>5ECRErAF(T THE GamES ComMITTEI
Cart, Richard H IValdoJnf.
Major J.J. McCoNViuLE, iNF ^33istani
ZndLIEUT. RE. MiCKEL C.OF C.
M^.R.G.HiNKLEY.Y.MC/^. Tbe»^uref!
j:
Technical 6ecTION
Lt.Col.T.C.Lonersan , Gen'l.Staff.
Major GM.Qillet, Cav.,
X
Grounds a Building.^
TRANSFORTATIOrs
Major C.C Bull JnF.
Major M.Brown , Inf.
Major R-S HolmE^.MIC,
Iat.Lt/^.J, Kelley T.Q.
2d. LrJ.RMc.CLuanioN.
T
E
Liaison ScctjON
Lt.Col.D-M- Goodrich , Gem'l
maj.u.b. Rogers , M. c.
capt. w.w hoyt, m.c
3taf
Equipment 8( >5uppliE5
Major EV.Graves, Q M.C.
Capt.J.6.Swit2ER, Inf.
Capt Lamar Jeffers, Inf.
Capt. P.L B(?amblett, Ihf.
Ist.LtE.E.-Spencer.Inf.
WR.A.W.GELiTON, YM.C.A.
Competitions
Lt. Col. B.F; Castle , A-S.
1st. Lt. D.A. Montgomery, S.C.
Mr. RC. Brown, Y.M.CA.
CQNSTRuCTkON Work-
Physical CoKDiTioN OF Stadium
MOTHER (jflOuNDS USED FO(?TME
COiVlPeTITiONS , TK^MSPORTATiON^
LiQMTS , Phones , QathS , 0(?E55if«5
Preparation at Erection of Scqi^e
Soar PS
OJECURE iif MAINTAIN FOR
Distribution an EMeRQE^cr ^toc
OF (Athletic Equipr^ENr
( Ejicept- WeoiCAL ,5uppLiei.)
Fk06WM,ic»(tiuL(t.iT«njr>c
F C 6ftOW/y , T M.C A
Camps
L.T,CoL.0.W.GRr5WOL0 G.S.COMMBNOING
MAJ-GA.ShAHNON, AiilSTANf
CaptJ.RHolmes, Enter.Off.
CaPT.LF. BUTTOIPH, CoHST.OfF.
Capt. F/^ Little, 6uPPLt Off.
Capt. A Betts, Medical Off.
Ist.Lt.0.5 Powell, Mess.Off
jLMOOt Pan OfFtCLALi
MAJ. R. F. WAVSH , Inf.
MR. EC BROWN, TMC A.
T
1
MfPICAL Af?RANGEM6NT5
Lt.Col.RM. Hardaway, M.C.
I&t.Lt. L.q. Washington , M C
15t.Lt. C.F. Gelston, M.C.
st.Lt.H.Vouni, M.C.
Plan for CAMPii^ND Billets
Preparation and Establishment
OF
C/1MP5, Billets etc.
/lpM(N(3T«flTlON,5uPPLt AND PoLlCE
OF ALLC^MPi -
Medical AtTendawce
a Supplies
F«5t Aid STATioNi
Ambulances, Litters, Etc.
BASEBALL
MAJOR R f^TATT
MR A Oath Y. M C A -
BASKCr-eALL
Capt. G.M Morgan, Inf.
MP. A. e. Marriott , YMCA.
LT. J.IV. Hall. Inf
Mk.J. poucuMCRTY, YMCA
CROSScOU'irRTRUN
Maj. a D 5uRLE5 , C&V,
MR. LW. pHiuiPS, Y.M.CA.
30CCCH-FOOTB«L1.
CflPT. Retnoloj
MR. Geo. B Cole, Y.M.CA.
GO*.F
Majoa.E.l. White, Oro
X
Capt. P.m. VanNatteR , |nF.
Capt H.R.5T0LZ.
MR- W F Hopkins, YM.Cfl
MORSE RiDlNC. COMPCriTiONS
Col. M.R.RiCHi-ioNO , Gen, Staff
Col C E.HAWKINS . iNF
IST lt. Beebe , Inf.
Ckpt.C D.wiMAN.f a.
SMOOTINCi
C0L-A.M.MACNA6 , Qen Staff
aMr.S.Y Smith. YM C«-
M^j. GEOR<;e WrennjNf
MfLE.P.rATe , YM.C.A.
TiMt. ^«e FIELD
MflJ. /^.D. 50RLE3 , Cav
MS.q.E Goss.Y MCA.
M-^j.A-J.COMiTOCK , Inf.
MR. T J. KEh.y,YMC a.
Lt.J.W. H«LL, l»r
MR K B. NIONT/(c,uE , YM.CA
Capt. IV F Redfielo,Inf.
MR J E.Beckett YMCA
Capt. IViNT vJmitm^ Inf
Capt w.f f^EoFiELO, if^F-
MR. J E. Beckett, Y M-Cfl
CA»T,n>T M»«Rl30'
CArtAPA
Jawes GOJ.D P-*-
ur Pr 5TflONG,Cc.f I.
CAecMO-5Lor*KM
fJPT.lK.FlNLETTCR
GiREAT -BRiTAiK
CAPT. e.L. KACV. F.A.
GweECE:
r.C O.eREHNEA.CoT-
L'. J 6. CARROLL^ A S.
i HeAjA? 1
LT T « JoHMjrOn /I 5
T. A.M.C .M< WIT EH, Co
Mw Zealand
C*^T wiiL SHAFAO'H f./
POL»»NO
■, KELSON FELL, A.
«PT HO-ilLSeeE, FA
SEItSI*
CAPT J B BASEY . I.
NewFouMOiAND
OFT JAMES Gould, FA.
CflPI J A POUiUMOg)t/.fl-"«
CAPr. A H.MUMH,A A S.-M C.
CAPT CaTOLftNO, INF.
Lt ae.coRsor , wF.
lt. j j, hagertt, wf.
LJ tVH, HAMILTON, f A-
LT. L.J. LrrOVUHSfiU.iHUit'i
LT.R.H(LLOU^e()R<HJ<kr<. lUF
LT,FR.Wll.LEl )MP(Ro,«w,*|
LT.LD.A10ltlWtlDi:E,AI)C(Au»"
tTWiREUI.FA,lfdA"CEl
LT,j.D.STeEN,C-orl[r»L<l
'E GAMES COMMITTEE
5ttN50N, Gen'l Staff, Chairman.
■ooDPiicH, Gem'l 3tafp, Vice- Chairman
rOL.TC.LONEflGAN, GenV vStAFF.
E.5.5nowN, Y.M.C.A
.W^.ReynolD3,YM.CA.
THE Games Committee
Iart. Richard H VValdoJnf.
1 J.J. McCow^iLLF, iNF Assistant
lEUT. R.E MlCKEL C.OF E.
.HlNKLEY,Y. M£/\. Treo^urer
Aoi/isoryGcjmmittee Interallied Games
„ „ AMERICA
BM6 GIN H B FISK8 BRIG.Gei(.W.W.H<RIi, C>l«IIINAIt.
AUSTRALIA
Lt. Col C.V.WATSON. D SO. MAJ. 5 A. MIPOLETON OSO
BELGIUM '
MAJ R0AUFBE5NEr)tiACHE»«LEfllE
BRAZIL
LT-COL. E. MARTIN
MAJ. BRfANT
LT cbL vwes , C6.e.
Brig GLti. S.J. LIANG.
Nm.FIERLINSER
LT. Col. SEE.vim-Chaibmm
MAJ B.C.HARTLET
M«J SEORdE KILIAS
OR RODOLFO ROBLES
MR.AOUMI ABOUL-HAPI
COL ARTURO LEOME
UAJ- J A CAMEflOIV
CANADA
MAJ. NAD. ARMSTROHG ORE
CHINA
BRIO.Gtri . P T 04N
ClECriO-6LOVAKIA
Capt. Swutnt
FRANCE
MAj.BAI^BIER
CREAT-BRITAIN
LT.JEAN R02IS
GUATEMALA
ITALY
MAJ, AMOREA ■ GA6TALPI
NEW 2EALAWP
f/ElVFOUNDLA/<0
POLANP
PORTUQAL
Capt.A.MASCA^ENHASccMENEZES LT MARIO OA CUN HA
LT. COL.V, I. BAIHJLESCU CART. HORACE ERE^llE
.SERBIA
Capt. AMPR.itch lt.matitch
HAJ L HIIMIIIl i».«.etunHm
Liaison Section
,D.|Vl.GooDF?icH , Oen'l
J.L,B. ROGERS , M. C.
FT, W. W HOYT, M.C
Staff.
I
Brazil
PTC, A SORDON, F.fl.
J«MES GOULO f-fl.
PT STHONG.CofI.
ifCHO- Slovakia
R-ft-TOWMSeNO, FA-
K.F(«LETTEft,f;A.
GftEEce
C O.SREN'VGfl.Co^I'
Guatemala
J.B CARROtL A S
1.
Sencral Section
Lt.Col.JA.McDermott , Inf.
hIUjTT
LT TH JONN3TOM,/l S
ir,^Lr
.T.A.M.C,Mt»*»TeR,C«..I
NEW ZEALAND
C*^T WiLi. iH*f(\OTH r.A
POuANO
I.T.NELSON fELL,fl.S-
Post USA L
LT.H.J terror*, F.A.
HiTWMAMlA
C*PT WO.SILSBEE.FA.
Serbia
CAPT J e BflSEV.i.
Newfoundland
C*Pr. JAMES Gou«J),F-fl.
APT J A roui^noiir./.a.nmn (.r. L.J. l.eT(H««eAu,i«F(5i.)
APT. A M.MliMH,A A S.-M C.
ftPT tarouaNO, INF-
r. aS.CORBOT, (wF.
'. J.J. HAGERTr, INF.
■ WH.nAMlTOH,F:fl.
LT.i(UR.lOO6Ha0IIO0ftK. IMF,
n.F.ff-Ml\.l£lt.l'1F[R-'\MtnA[
LT. UD. WOUOMiPqE, A. 0. C (Ausja
tr, W J HEU) . FA, if B.A<«cei
l.T.J.D.STEEN,C-Ofl(irALr)
Receptions 8^ Entertainments
CoL.JWBfACHAW
Lt Col. Paul W^T50H, FA,
Capt 6-H. Butler , Inf.
Mn Walter M- Bef^RY.Y.MCA.
X
JL
I
CEREMON)e66( Parades
MAJof\ J.B.Wo6AN , Inf.
Capt. A. C. Smith , Inf.
1st. Lt.N.M.Mumter.Inf.
Mk.J.K.Croft ,YfVI.C.A.
X
Pf^I Z E 3
Mftj.GCWooDRuFF, Inf
CAPr.W.B-5PARK5.AG.D.
stLtCRoomeXav.
Press B{ Publicity
Maj. 5.A. Greenwell.S-C
Maj. O.J. Watts, A.G.D
I5tLt3.Frohman,Q.M.C.
MkIV Unmack.Y.M.CA.
X
Distribution of Tickets
CAPr.W. Oelanet A.Q.O
Capt. H.S. Warner. CofE.
Capt.E.H.Spencer.Inf.
ftecEPTtONS e(. Entert-^imment of
competing athletes fl[ orfiaALS
RECEPTION OF REPRESENTATfVes.
ftiSISTANCE TOATHL£TIC(^EPfieSENTATI/E5RC&AB0ING
ME&SINQ,QUAftTER5,TflAINma SftOUMOS.
TRANSPORTATION - FfEFRESHMENTS ON the
(^HOUNOJ .
All CetEMONiEs , Parades , FuNCTior»s, Fetes
IN COKNEpnON VltTH DEDICATION DAY. OPENIMQ -
DAY, AWARD or PRJ2ES ETC
COURTESJES DUtOFFCiAU VISITORS, GOvERN|ttE^fT
OFFICIALS, ETC
DECORATION OF 5TAD1UM ■ ANO. SROUNOs
Music -BANOS.
Desiqn Fok Official
Medals , I>ipl.oma5
Special Awabdj , Badges
ConrRACTSFOR the aBov^
TROPHiEi ,e'MBuCM3 .
Pj^iNTiNQ , Advertising
publicity
Daily Programs
Official Posters
PftEhS & PHOTOeRAPMY
CeNEHAL jriTER-ALLlED QaMES
PRoqRAM
InpormAtiom Bureaus
Di6TOFAOW3SIOrt T>CKETi
05MERS , OflTEMEN
IN&TRWCTION OF WME
fJuMS£R5 Si Arrangement
OF Seats
Motor Paj?< g, Roao Traffic
«T Stawu'vi
82 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
attracted two entries to become an official event and any spoi-t in
which there was only one entry to be an exhibition event. Arrange-
ments were made to allow any country to demonstrate a sport in which
there was no other entry.
By this comprehensive plan a country needed only to find a com-
petitor to have its favorite sport made an official event. The long-drawn
discussions which preceded each of the Olympic Games were thus
avoided and no country was unduly favored. This method of select-
ing sports for a big competition had never before been used in America
or Europe but the plan had been devised by the Y.M.G.A. in the
course of development of the Far Eastern Games and had been found
satisfactory in these competitions several years before the Great War.
The Games Committee was willing at all times to consider sugges-
tions concerning changes or interpretations of the rules. In fact,
the rules that finally governed the games were developed rather than
adopted arbitrarily. The rules that governed the leading highly
developed sports, such as football, tennis, fencing and baseball were
those which governed in the countries or organizations that had
specialized in these sports. This was true in all but the great sport
of boxing. In this case the rules were adopted which had been used
in the American Army since boxing was made a leading sport of the
United States troops in France. They were called " The American
Expeditionary Force Rules ." They had been found highly satis-
factory and contained only a few slight modifications from the usual
Marquis of Queensbury rules.
In Cricket the Marylebone Cricket Club rules of England governed.
The Fencing contests were governed by the 1913 rules of the Federa-
tion Nationale d'Escrime. The last Olympic Games before the war
contributed the rules that regulated the Rifle and Pistol competition,
with very slight changes to meet conditions. Tennis was governed
by the International rules. America's contribution in the form of
rules to govern important sports naturally included baseball and Ameri-
can intercollegiate football.
The youngster among athletic events that made its first appear-
ance at the Inter-Allied Games was Hand-Grenade Throwing. This
event had created considerable discussion before the Games, and
attracted much interest during their progress. Those who had not
familiarized themselves with the rules that were to govern the event
were surprised to see some of the contestants, especially the Americans,
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 83
throwing the grenade much as they would hurl a baseball from the
outfield into the diamond.
When hand-grenade throwing first began to play an important
part in the Great War the bombs were usually hurled from the narrow
confines of a deep trench. The ideal form for such a throw was thought
to be a long, sweeping arm motion with the elbow held almost rigid
both to save the arm and to avoid the danger of the grenade not
clearing the trench. When the United States entered the war the
American soldiers were taught to throw the grenade in this manner,
but they had strong opinions of their own on the matter and event-
ually proved that they could throw accurately a long distance from
the depths of a trench with the arm motion so commonly associated
with baseball.
In view of this contention on the part of the American soldiers
the rules that governed the Hand-Grenade event permitted the use
of either arm and any form preferred by the contestant. The grenade
used was the French F-1 weighing 600 grs. loaded. The competitors
were allowed a run to the scratch line if they chose. The throwing
was done from the field and the grenade was not thrown over any
obstruction.
The great ideal, the real object of the introduction of athletics
into the American overseas Army, was not lost to view by the Games
Committee in making up the program. This ideal was, "Every
Man in the Game." Every event that could possibly be included
was made an official event. The object sought by the Games Com-
mittee was many entries rather than extraordinary records although
everything possible was done to aid in the establishing of new athletic
records.
As a result of the no-winner plan teams from countries that had
never known some of the official events were entered to compete
against countries that had speciahzed for years in those particular
games. Many of the countries wanted to introduce certain games
among their people. With nothing to lose by entering a team they
gained by actual experience. Men from countries in which basketball,
for example, had never been played, competed against some of the
very best players from America where the game originated and had
become a specialized winter sport.
CHAPTER IV
HOW THE TEAMS WERE SELECTED AND TRAINED
FOR THE GAMES
iTALLY military as were the Inter-Allied Games from
many aspects, the imprint of the great World War upon
their character is nowhere brought more forcefully to the
attention than through a study of the difficulties encoun-
tered in the selection of the national teams and in the training of the
individual competitors.
The effects of the war and its four years of tragedy were manifest
when the roll of each nation's athletes was studied in the days during
which the teams were being formed. Following the names of scores of
brilliant performers in previous world meets were the words " Killed in
Action" or " Died for Country." Where the answer, "here," came,
to the roHcall, only too often it was followed by the discovery of battle
scars which had made of the former star merely an onlooker in this
and coming great meets. And finally, even those ultimately selected
for the teams found that the years spent in trenches and in camp had
sapped their strength and stiffened muscles which formerly responded
electrically to the demands of strenuous competition.
The United States, having suffered smaller losses than her sisters
among the Allies, found less formidable difficulties to surmount than
those which were experienced by such nations as France and the
British Dominions. The sportsmen of little Serbia, torn by eight
years of Balkan strife and world conflict, found themselves engaged
in a practically hopeless task when they sought athletes for the Games.
Czecho-Slovakia, her people ground down for many generations by
Austrian autocracy, had fostered an ancient gymnastic tradition but
had long been prohibited by law from reahzing her desire to participate
in athletics and sports.
But there was one feature, distinctly military, which aided rather
than retarded the process of selection and training. This was the
policy in practically every Allied Army, of promoting, through mili-
tary channels, a program of athletics and of sports competition among
all soldiers. Not only was this element of mihtary activity responsible
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 85
for opening up an avenue for experienced athletes to exercise their
talents, but in some instances, rare to be sure, it developed new stars
capable of competing for places on an Olympic team. This was
particularly true in the American Army where an athletic program
was a very vital part of the early training of the soldier and also of
his entire army life. During the early part of America's participation
in the world conflict athletics were largely under the control and
supervision of the Y.M.C.A. whose Athletic Director did much toward
establishing the firm foundation for future development of all types
of sports and games in the American Expeditionary Forces and among
the troops in the United States. Later the publication of G. 0. No. 241
established a cooperative arrangement between the Army and the
Y.M.C.A. substantially the same as that under which the Inter-
Alhed Games were later conducted. The A. E. F. competitions,
which took place after the signing of the Armistice, were carried out in
accordance with this arrangement.
The eligibility requirement of the Inter-Allied Games, carrying
with it the restrictions that the competitors must be men who were
still wearing, or had worn, the military uniform of one of the Allied
nations, brought about the adoption, in practically every instance,
of a system of selecting athletes entirely different from that which
had been adopted in previous world meets. Since the date of the
Games was known only months — instead of years as is usual in
case of great meets — before its actual staging, teams had to be
chosen and trained quickly. America and the British Dominions
were also faced with the contingency that the meet would keep soldiers
in France after their normal date of demobihzation. Even the attrac-
tion of a world's athletic meet was not sufficient in many cases to
persuade athletes to forego for a time their homeward trip. For this
reason the contending nations were necessarily sometimes repre-
sented by athletes inferior, on the basis of previous performances, to
others who might have borne their colors in some of the important
events. America practically overcame this handicap by returning
to France several athletes who had gone home and by adding to this
contingent a number of Army athletes who had never had the oppor-
tunity to come overseas during the two years of the United States'
participation in the war.
The story of the selection and training of the athletes of the coun-
tries which participated in the world's meet brings to light interesting
histories similar in no two instances.
86 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Guatemala could not obtain ocean transportation to bring her
athletes to France. Lt. Aguirre, a Guatemalan who had earned a
reputation as a sprinter while a student in his native country, was
studying in Paris at the time the Games were projected, although
he had not been in training for many months. Captain Ydigoras
and Dr. Robles of the Guatemalan Peace Commission selected Aguirre
as the sole member of their nation's team and he carried the Republic's
colors in the 100-meter sprint on the opening day of competition.
New Zealand's team, though small, was the result of a carefully
laid plan of selection and training. Immediately after the Armistice
the Commanding General of the New Zealand Expeditionary Forces
appointed Major J. A. Cameron to take charge of an athletic program
for the whole New Zealand forces. A definite program was outlined
which had for its principal intent the encouraging of all types of athletics
and sports competitions during the period when the New Zealand
soldiers were to be in the English demobilization camps. Inasmuch
as athletics had been widely cultivated and competition had been
keen in New Zealand in pre-war days, sports in the twelve demobilization
camps to which New Zealand troops were assigned immediately took
definite shape. Major Cameron was able, in view of the comparatively
small number of troops under his jurisdiction, to become thoroughly
acquainted with the performances of the best of the New Zealand
athletes then in the camps. At the time of the Armistice it was
expected that demobihzation would be a matter of eight or ten months
and in order adequately to care for the program an Athletics Officer
was appointed for the New Zealand soldiers in each demobilization
depot. So, when the word came that New Zealand would enter a team
in the Inter-AUied Games, the problem was not difficult. On the
basis of competition the men for the New Zealand track and field
team were picked in the month of January, 1919, and immediately
went into training at Stamford, England. There they were given
many advantages, staying at their Enghsh training grounds until the
latter part of the week just preceding the Games. They then came
to France and were quartered for a day or two at Colombes Stadium,
later moving to Pershing Stadium. The crew which represented
New Zealand was picked in March, 1919, and used as its training area,
Putley, England. On 30 April the New Zealanders rowed against
the American crew on the Seine and bested the United States. The
other competitive race in which they rowed during their period of train-
ing was on 21 June at the Marlow Regatta in England, where they
88 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
were again winners. The New Zealand single sculler won his event
at this regatta in his preparation for the Games competition,
Italy's participation in this Military Olympiad was to a striking
degree the result of American influence. Training in the Italian Army
did not include a program of athletic competition until after America
entered the war. When the American Expeditionary Forces first
entered Italy with a view of fighting beside other Allies on that front,
the soldiers were accompanied by the Y.M.C.A. athletic directors,
together with their equipment and their system of competitions.
Italian Army officers immediately became interested and asked for
the introduction of the Y.M.C.A. ideas and systems into the Italian
Army. The request was granted and immediately met with tremen-
dous success. Basketball was introduced to the Itahan soldier for
the first time in his life and the result was the selection of a basket-
ball team for the Games. This team was entered for the purpose of
competition only and not with any idea of winning the meet against
the admittedly superior American team.
The track and field team for the Games was chosen by means of
an elimination meet which was held at the athletic college near San
Remo on the Riviera. At this meet the winners of similar elimination
competitions in various parts of Italy where the Armies were stationed
came together for the final selection. Immediately upon completion
of this meet the chosen athletes went into a period of training which
kept them in Italy until the final week before the Games. They
then came to Colombes Stadium for a day of limbering up before
joining the camp at Pershing Stadium.
The officers who represented Italy in the horse events were chosen
on the basis of previous performances in competitions which have
made the Italian cavalry famous the world over. The Nadi brothers
and the others on the fencing team were chosen in the same
way. The impression among the Italians previous to the meet that
it was to be distinctively an amateur event had resulted in the barring
of professional fencers. Had this impression not prevailed an elimi-
nation competition would have been held which would have resulted
in the selection of several notable professional Italian fencers of inter-
national reputation. The selection of the wrestling team was made
easy by reason of the fact that this sport had always been promoted
and fostered in Italy. The Italian swimmers were selected at a com-
petitive match held at Lake Como where the competition for the
selection of the rowing crews was also held. The team which
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 89
represented Italy for the Games shooting matches at Le Mans was
selected as a result of a large shooting match held at Turin. It
practiced for two weeks before coming to France.
Czecho-Slovakia, her armies still in the field against several menac-
ing forces, was deprived of many of her best athletes by the Army
order keeping them at the front. Furthermore, the new nation found
it difficult to readjust her athletic scheme quickly so as to put teams
into the field for the Games. The boycott against Czech athletics,
aimed particularly by the Austrian rulers against soccer and rowing,
had resulted in the suppression of the sport instinct among a people
normally sport-loving. But in spite of these adverse conditions this
new nation put a comparatively large team of competitors into the
Games. The soccer team, the famous Prague squad which had been
boycotted by the Austrians from 1908 to 1918, represented the nation
in that competition and won the championship. It was the same
type of team which, in spite of the Austrian edict, won the amateur
championship of Europe at Roubaix, France, in 1911, beating the
Enghsh team in the finals by a score of 2 to 1.
Because of a dearth of experienced trainers and coaches the Czechs
have never had any large number of skilled competitors for track and
field. The athletes who were entered in those events for the Games
had won their reputations in local competitions. The rowing crews
were the result of a similarly arbitrary method of selection. The
tennis players came to the Games without having had any training
principally because there have been no tennis balls in their country
since the war broke out in 1914. In fencing the Czechs have won
honors in many previous world's competitions and the selection of
the fencers for the Games was made from a comparatively large number
of possible competitors among Army officers.
France thoroughly combed her active, reserve and demobilized
forces for the athletes to uphold the Tricolor in the Games. With
the great meet scheduled for the French capital, the Ministry of War
determined that representatives of France should be in practically
every sport. The result of this determination was that one of the
largest groups of competitors came from France. The actual selection
of the participants was made through a process of elimination contests
and a final choice accomplished by representatives of the Section
d'Education Physique whose efforts were chiefly bent toward assuring
every possible athlete an opportunity to qualify for a team which
eventually competed. A distinguished soldier. Lieutenant Colonel
90 THE INTER-ALLIED GAiMES — 1919
Fernand See, was appointed by the Ministry ot War to cooperate
with the many athletic federations in gathering the athletes and in
directing France's participation in the Games.
By reason of this thorough and carefully-planned scheme, France
was able to put into the field the best of the track and field men in
her Armies. The ranks of French athletes had been terribly depleted
by the World War and many of the men who did actually appear in
the various events bore the marks of wounds received in battle. Three
distinct channels of obtaining track and field men were used in
making up the teams. The athletes of the Regular Army on active
service met in an ehmination meet at Colombes in May and by means
of this competition the best were chosen and put into training for a
later selection.
At St. Cloud on 15 May a meet was held for the athletes from the
Army of the Interior and the best were chosen. The demobilized
men trained during this period at the many athletic clubs throughout
France and were later selected by the officials of the clubs to compete
in the final selection meet held at Colombes Stadium on 15 June.
This meet was equal in interest to the American selection meet on the
same field later in the same week and was watched by a large crowd
of spectators. The winners in this meet were announced as the
members of the French team and were put in training at Joinville-
le-Pont.
The champion French Army soccer team and the champion Rugby
team had been determined long before the date of the Games by
reason of successive victories in the army and even over teams of other
nations. Three squads were further strengthened for the Games
matches by players sent to the training camps by the football federa-
tion which picked some of the most promising players from other
units in the army. The basketball team was made up from the players
who had shown the most aptitude for the game during the brief time
it had been played in the French Army. The team was entered not
for the purpose of winning laurels for the French but because of the
desire to have competitors in as many events as possible and also in
order to acquire a further knowledge of the new sport. The tug-of-
war team was arbitrarily chosen for the same reason and its personnel
was taken from among the artillerymen of the 83rd Regiment which
was stationed near Paris at the time of the Games. The biggest men
in the Regiment were chosen and given as thorough a course of train-
ing as was possible under the conditions. The basketball team was
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 91
later brought to the same training grounds after it had finished its
practice at Royen near Bordeaux.
The French swimmers were selected from among the Army stars
and were reinforced by men sent to the squad by the Swimming Feder-
ation. The tank men trained for the Games races at Piscine de la
Gure. The French fencers were picked in the same manner, both
active and demobilized officers having an opportunity to become
members of the squad which went into training at Joinville, the scene
of the majority of the fencing competitions during the Games. For
the horse-riding competition the various armies sent their best riders
to the great military school at Saumur and there the final selection
was made and the training conducted.
Next to the United States, France probably had the most effective
system for selecting participants in the rifle and pistol competitions.
Elimination contests were begun in April throughout the French
Armies. In May the 200 topmost marksmen were sent to Gamp de
Genottes, near Orleans, where, after another month's ehminations,
the actual contestants were selected. Several pistol-shooting societies,
composed of French war veterans, also sent representatives to the
Genottes match, some of whom eventually made the international
team.
For the crews the squad collected from the armies was added to
by the men sent up from the Federation and the best eight men were
selected to represent France.
The Hedjaz, though not represented in the actual competition of
the Games, sent a delegation of fifteen men to exhibit the type of com-
petition most popular in their Armies. The horsemen were Arabs
and, like the rest of the Hedjaz representatives, were* chosen by Gen-
eral Noury-Sred. The eight men who gave an exhibition of sword
dancing were picked from the reserve forces of the army while the camel
riders and their mounts were selected from among the best in the
two camel-mounted regiments in the Arabian army. These regiments
are equipped chiefly for machine-gun and light-artillery combat.
Greece trained her Games competitors in the great stadium which
had been in 1906 the scene of an Olympiad such as was held centuries
ago when Greece was supreme in the athletic world. The selection
of her competitors was carefully made and thoroughly carried out.
As soon as the mihtary authorities reached their decision to enter the
Inter-AHied Games an order was sent to all army corps to select the
best in each sport and to report their names to headquarters. By
92 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
this means a designated number of aspirants for the teams were selected
from each of the regiments of the Greek Army in the two zones of oper-
ation, Western and Eastern. Those from the Western Zone were
sent to Salonica for preliminary training while those from the East-
ern Zone went to Athens and the stadium there. When the period of
prehminary training had been completed the whole number was con-
centrated in the stadium and went through a final training course
lasting one month. An ehmination meet was held and the best three
men for each event in the track and field contest were nominated for
the team to go to Paris.
The selection of the soccer team was not difficult in view of the
fact that only a few players were found in the Greek Army. There
were no preliminary eliminations for this event, but the men with the
best records were chosen to compose the squad. The fencers were
also picked men, but the number to choose from was large in view
of the fact that fencing had been for many years a popular sport among
the Greeks.
The Greek entries for the rifle and pistol events were determined
by short elimination contests held within each line regiment and by
the previous records of some marksmen who were unable to take part
in these contests. The teams practiced for ten days before coming
to France.
Belgium adopted a simple and effective way of selecting her compe-
titors, a committee being appointed immediately upon the decision
to enter the Inter-Allied Games, the function of this committee being
the nomination of contestants. This committee consisted of Majors
Demarneffe and Dufresne, Lieutenants Chome and Boir, Auditeur
Anspach and the Commanding Officer of the Camp de Beveloo, each
one of these officers having particular jurisdiction of some certain
sport. This committee was called the Comite Sportive de I'Armee;
its members were all army officers and its method of working mili-
tary.
The track and field athletes of the Belgian Army were chosen at
a large preliminary meet held on 11, 12 and 13 June in the stadium at
Antwerp which is to be the scene of the Olympic of 1920. The mem-
bers of the boxing and wrestling team were chosen in a tournament
held at the same time and in the same stadium. The Rugby team
which represented Belgium was the one which had played in Army
games as a unit for some time previous to its Games competition.
During its training for the Paris contests it defeated England and tied
Top — The Stadium in process of construction Bottom — The .Stadium as seen from airplane
on Opening Day.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 95
France in a triangular contest held in England, 2 to 6 May and it
also defeated Czecho-Slovakia in a game played at Rome on 15 June.
The swimming team was chosen in the elimination contests at Ant-
werp, while the water polo team which later won the Games champion-
ship was the same one, with a few changes made necessary because
of the war, which won the Olympic title at Stockholm in 1912.
Practically every regiment in the Belgian Army sent represent-
atives to the Camp de Beveloo to compete for places on the shooting
team. Eliminations were held at the range there and the training
was staged at that place before the ^quad finally chosen was sent to
Le ]\Ians after ten days practice at Beveloo. The members of the
fencing team were chosen on the basis of past records of fencing con-
tests in Belgium before and during the war. The competitors trained
at Brussels at the Ecole d'Escrime et de Gymnastique during the
months of May and June. The horsemen were selected after an
exhaustive and thorough competition at Brussels 10 to 15 June.
Canada, because of its plan of army athletics, similar to that of
the American Expeditionary Forces, found the problem of selecting
athletes for the Games easy of solution. Competition in the Canadian
Expeditionary Forces had consisted in a large measure of matches
between the teams of the different Canadian commands, a rivalry
which had brought to the forefront the best athletes among the offi-
cers and men. So when the call went out for men to remain in Europe
for the Inter-AlHed Games, the men to be appealed to were well known
and easily reached. Many of those who volunteered to compete
would have been demobilized long before the date of the Games.
With hardly an exception the athletes who competed in the Games
had been wounded during the course of the war.
The organization which had been responsible for athletics during
the war and during the period following the Armistice furnished the
machinery for picking the Games competitors. This organization had
as its head the Canadian Military Athletic Association, a committee
appointed by the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Expeditionary
Forces. In the preparation for the Inter-Allied Games this committee
was composed of one representative from each branch of sport m the
eight Canadian training areas in England. The head of this body
was Lieutenant Colonel H. G. Mayes, for several years the tennis
champion of Canada.
The track and field team was selected at Seaford, England, 7 May,
when a championship elimination meet was held in which the best
96 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
athletes from all the Canadian forces then in England were entered.
The contestants finishing in the first three places in the various events
were nominated as members of the Canadian track and field team
and were sent into training at Chiswick Park in London, The tug-of-
war team finally picked to compete in the Games was the squad of
the 3rd Canadian Garrison Artillery attached to the 22nd Corps of the
1st British Army. On 7 May at Seaford, England, it won the right
to represent Canada in the Inter-Allied Games by defeating six teams
selected from the training areas.
The Canadian soccer team which played in the Inter-Allied Games
was an all-star squad picked from the best in the Canadian Army.
The team of the 27th Battalion, 2nd Canadian Division, won the
championship of the Canadian troops in France in a series of games
staged to determine the champion combination. Subsequently this
team met and defeated, at Seaford, England, the team which had
won the championship of the training areas. From these two cham-
pions an all-Canadian squad was chosen for the Games. The baseball
team was made up in practically the same way. It was picked through
the agency of a league composed of a team from each of the training
areas in England. At Stamford Bridge, Chelsea, on 13, 14 and
15 May, the Ripon Area team won the championship by defeating
the London Area nine. From the rosters of the competing teams
twenty of the best players were chosen and trained as a team for the
Inter-AUied Games.
The Canadian boxers were chosen as a result of the Canadian
championship matches which were staged in March, 1919, at Witley,
England. The winners and runners up in these contests were held
for training and later appeared in the Imperial Boxing Association
championship of England in May. The Canadian swimmers were
arbitrarily picked by the committee in charge of the team, the choice
being based on past performances in actual competition. A complete
elimination tourney resulted in the selection of the shooting team.
Each training area held a match to choose its team for the final prac-
tice and competition was held at Bisley, England. The survivors
of this competitive shoot were nominated as the members of the Cana-
dian shooting team and after a week's practice at Bisley were sent to
Le Mans under command of Lieutenant Colonel WiUiam Rae, the
commanding officer of the team.
Portugal's competitors in the special events which this country
entered were selected on the basis of past records. Horsemanship
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 97
and fencing have long been emphasized in this new repubhc and the
records of Army officers are matters of universal knowledge. With
these records as a basis the members of the horse-riding teams and of
the fencing squads were picked by the officials in charge. The same
held true of the other competitors who were sent to the Games.
Australia adopted a system of choosing her team which was similar
in some respects to that followed by the other British dominions.
At the head of the Australians sports system, during the war and after
the Armistice, was a board appointed by the Commanding General,
known as the Australian Imperial Forces Sports Board of Control.
At the time of the preparation for the Inter-Allied Games the board
was composed of two members from the Australian Corps in France,
one member from the demobilization depots in England, one member
from Australian Headquarters in London and one member from the
Austrahan Comforts Fund. The President of this board was Brig.
Gen. Griffiths, C.M.G., D.S.C., while the organizing secretary was
Major S. A. Middleton, D.S.O. This board was convened in London
in January, 1919, to take up the matter of entering an Austrahan team
in the Inter-Allied Games. The system determined upon called for
the appointment of a sports officer for each branch of athletics ; this
officer to be one who had a thorough knowledge not only of the sport
with which he was concerned but also of the material available for
that sport. Each one of these officers was given full discretion in the
choice of men to represent Australia.
Lieutenant Chalmers had charge of the choice of the track and
field squad and, after making his selection, took the athletes to Her-
nehill Grounds, London, and began his training on 5 May. In June
the Marathon runners participated in the British Championship
Marathon at Stamford Bridge, this race being the feature event of
their training period. Lieutenant W. Longworth, an Austrahan
champion swimmer, was given the task of making up a tank squad.
He had a large number of titleholders to choose from and after gather-
ing his men together took them to London for training at the Royal
Auto Club Baths. Captain G. Coghill, amateur heavyweight cham-
pion of Australia, was the choice of the board as supervisor of the
boxing and wresthng team. The many bouts which had held the center
of the athletic stage in the Austrahan Army during the war gave to
the supervisor a sound foundation for the picking of his team. He
took the men to Warwick Square, London, in the middle of April and
began a careful system of training and competition.
98 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Huskies from all parts of the Australian overseas forces were
picked by Lieutenant C. Keliher for the tug-of-war squad. The nine
men who represented the Dominion averaged 213 pounds per man.
The squad was picked early in May and on 25 May went into training
at Queens Club in London. During the conditioning process a match
pull was held with the London Pohce team, the Colonials winning all
five pulls of the competition. The Austrahan tennis team, which
later won the championship in the Games, was chosen by Captain R.
Lycett. He took as his mates on the team men who had won titles in
matches in Australia in pre-war times.
Serbia's prospects for a team, at the time when the decision was
first made to enter the Inter-AHied Games, appeared to be practically
nil. Torn by eight years of almost constant warfare and brief recon-
struction, the people of this little country had had little time for
promoting and encouraging sports. The result was that the Comite
Serbi-Croate-SIavine, whose duty it was to seek out and name Serbian
competitors for the Games, had to go back eight years to determine
qualifications. They were also confronted with the situation that
in their country competitive athletics had never been emphasized,
the passion of the race for sports having been satisfied through the
medium of the society known as Sokol, a gymnastic organization
whose function called for the training and exhibition of mass calis-
thenics.
To show the Allied nations this form of athletics, a team of Sokols
came to the Games for exhibition purposes. And in addition to this
team a duo of track and field athletes were entered. One of them
was entered for the Pentathlon competition and the other for the
100-meter dash. Neither had competed in their events since a large
meet in Prague in 1911 and they entered the Games solely for the
purpose of carrying Serbia's colors and to gain experience to take
back to their native country.
Roumania entered track and field events and several of the other
contests for somewhat the same reason, that of proving to the AUies
the interest of Roumania in the Games and for the purpose of learning.
Track and field sports had never been emphasized in Roumania
previous to the Games and the entries in these highly specialized events
were made for the purpose of gaining instruction and experience.
During the training period of the Roumanians in Paris before the
Games they asked the American Committee for the assistance of Y.M.C. A.
Top— Herbert Hoover, tJ. S. Food Commissioner, left, and U. S. Secretary of State Robert
A. Lansing at the Games. Bottom — Y. M. C. A. girls at their hut, Pershing Stadium.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 101
coaches and trainers. Two of the best men on the staff of advisory
coaches were assigned to this duty and did much in the brief time
allowed in showing to the Roumanians the reasons for American success
in this type of competition. The members of the Roumanian track
and field team were picked from the Army by Army officers, the men
chosen being those expected to make the best showing and to be capable
of developing into the best instructors when they returned to Rou-
mania. The fencers and the horsemen were chosen because of their
past records, both of these sports having been prominent in the Army
for many years. However, the fact that Germany had taken all the
best mounts in the conquered Balkan country militated against the
entry into the competition of the best possible representation. The
Roumanian tennis players who were available were ordered to compose
the team and they took part in the Games competition with practic-
ally no previous training. The soccer team and the Rugby squad
were picked from army players, those men being chosen who had
shown the most aptitude for the game. Neither of these games had
been played in Roumania more than three years before the war
and for this reason the players had never engaged in competitions of a
nature to make trained and experienced teams.
While the Roumanian participants in the rifle and pistol compe-
titions were selected largely on the basis of previous reputation for
skill as marksmen — a system generally not so productive of results
as special ehminations — their early arrival at Belgian Camp enabled
them to overcome this handicap to a considerable extent by careful
practice. The Roumanian entries arrived a full fortnight before the
contest began and after a trial with the Springfield rifle decided to use
that arm in preference to their own. Accordingly they drew Spring-
fields and under American coaches practiced assiduously, thus gaining
much valuable information regarding light, visibility and weather
conditions pecuhar to the d'Auvours range.
America, sponsor of the meet, entered the Games with a team
selected through a series of eliminations which combed the ranks of
the two million soldiers in France for the best in every event. It was
estimated by those in charge of the selection of the teams that more
than 5,000 American officers and soldiers were tried out for places
on the United States squad. The status of the meet and of the par-
ticipants were put on a firm basis through general orders from G.H.Q.
and the athletes and those in charge of them were given all the privi-
leges and power necessary.
102 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The system of elimination contests was universally followed in
determining the membership of the teams for the various events.
America entered one or more athletes in every event on the program,
whether the games were ones well known to Americans or not.
Semi-final and final elimination meets, following a large number
of smaller competitions, constituted the scheme of selecting athletes
for the track and field contests. General orders authorized the remain-
ing in France of those athletes whose organizations were embarking
for home.
In the campaign to procure the strongest possible team a thorough
canvass of the American Expeditionary Forces was made by those
acquainted with the records of star American athletes. These men
were brought to Paris where, from 30 May to 1 June, over 600 athletes,
the survivors of divisional and army meets and the individual choice
of officials, contested for places on the team. At that time approxi-
mately 120 athletes were chosen which number was later reduced
to 80. A movement was then started to bring back to France a few
of the A.E.F. stars who had already returned home. This agitation
resulted in bringing over to France a detachment of about 50 athletes,
some of them track and field men, some tennis players, a few boxers
and wrestlers, and some swimmers. This group included not only
men who had formerly been in the A.E.F. but also soldiers who never
had the opportunity to win the gold chevron. To place the best of
these on the squad another selection meet was held the week before
the Games and the men winning first, second and third places were
announced as the team. These athletes were then placed under the
tutelage of Major Dale F. McDonald and his staff of Y.M.C.A. coaches :
Pipal, Wann, Adams, Finger and Cummings. Harry W. Maloney, as
trainer, was responsible for the conditioning of the men. He kept
the survivors of the first elimination contest in training at the Colombes
Stadium and continued his excellent service throughout the Inter-
Alhed Games.
The soccer team was the result of a careful study of the best teams
of the American Expeditionary Forces which was made possible through
the championship tournament held at Colombes Stadium in Paris,
12 to 15 May. At this time the four best teams, champions of their
respective sections of the A.E.F., met in the tourney for the American
championship. From these four teams. Coach Jack McKenzie, the
Y.M.C.A. man in charge of soccer, chose a large squad of the best
players and added to them others in the Expeditionary Forces who
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 103
had made good records in the Army matches or in play in the United
States. Eight practice games were played at the stadium during the
course of training, three with the French team, two with the Rouma-
nian team, and the remainder between picked teams of the American
squad. The Rugby team was picked in much the same way, though
the elimination process was simple compared to that of soccer, and it
was necessary for the players to be recruited to the squad through
the individual efforts of the officers in charge of the sport.
The swimming team was organized by taking the winners of the
elimination meet held in the Mare St. James in the Bois de Boulogne
during the latter part of May. This squad was strengthened by the
addition of the men brought over from the United States. One
further elimination meet was held at Neuweid to pick the Games
entries. The basketball team was a composite organization, chosen
by Gapt. Bennet and Goach Zahn of the Y.M.G.A. from among the
best players of the many teams which competed in the American
Expeditionary Forces championship meet. The training of this team
took place at Golombes and at Joinville.
The members of the fencing team were gathered in Paris from
among the best known fencers with West Point or university exper-
ience. The horsemen were chosen by elimination from among men
who had established their supremacy in America in the days before
America's entry into the war.
The tennis team was the result of an A.E.F. championship tour-
nament held on the Riviera during the latter part of February, 1919,
and the golf tourney which determined both the American champions
and the Games team was staged at the Nice Golf Club, also on the
Riviera. The tug-of-war huskies were picked from among the cham-
pions of the many tug-of-war teams in the various divisions. These
candidates were brought to Golombes Stadium near Paris and there
many matches and individual tests were made in the process of picking
the nine men to pull for the United States.
The boxing and wrestUng representatives of the American Army
were largely those who earned their right in the A.E.F. finals. They,
however, were required to defend their titles against later comers and
in some instances substitutions occurred.
The baseball team which represented the United States was the
nine of the American Embarkation Center, the champions of the Amer-
ican Expeditionary Forces in the diamond tournament held just pre-
vious to the Games. The American Embarkation Center team was
104 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
recruited from men in the 86th, or Blackhawk, Division and carried
the name of "Blackhawks" during their championship play in the
A.E.F.
The signal American victories in the rifle and pistol competitions
are a trustworthy reflection of the careful selection and painstaking
training of the American participants. Similarly the foreign teams
appeared to shoot with about the same consistency as was exercised
in their selection and training. No nation approached the United
States in this regard and never in the range annals of the American
Army has a rifle or pistol team been selected from so great a field of
original aspirants.
The American entries were determined after three stages of compe-
tition, the first fo which were the preliminaries for the A.E.F. shoot
which began in February and were concluded the last of April. In
these 400,000 men participated, every organization and service in the
overseas forces being represented. The 2,000 most capable trigger-
squeezers of this lot participated in the A.E.F. matches at Belgian
Camp in May. This match constituted the second elimination. At
its conclusion the 175 best rifle shots and the 75 highest pistol men
were retained to try out for the Inter-Allied classic. To these num-
bers were added a few especially qualified and known shots who had
not fired in the A.E.F. meet.
These men began the Inter-Allied team preliminaries on 19 May
and continued firing every day in all weathers until 20 June, elimina-
tions proceeding all the while. On that date the actual teams, twelve
men for the rifle, ten for the pistol, and the lists of twenty-five individ-
ual competitors with each weapon, were officially announced.
The members of the American crew were picked up from all parts
of the Army gathered in Paris and there made into a crew. Frequent
changes were made both before the race on the Seine which New Zea-
land won, and afterwards, when the crew went to England to train
for the Henley and the later race near Paris.
,r*--r..:-"
Athletic camp at Pershing Stiuiium. Top— Allied row showing mess halls on right and
athletic quarters on left. BoUom^Gvcmp of Australian athletes on their street.
CHAPTER V
SITE AND CONSTRUCTION OF PERSHING STADIUM
iloR the permanent use to which it will be put in coming
years— the practice of athletic sports among the French
people— the site of the Pershing Stadium was happily
chosen. Situated* within the eastern edge of the Bois de
Vincennes, on the ancient highway between Vincennes and Joinville-
le-Pont, it lies in the midst of what is not only one of the most
beautiful of the many lovely parks of Paris, but in the one which
is frequented, perhaps more than any other, by the average classes
of the city, who, in Paris as elsewhere, make up the body and
blood of its population. Of the Bois de Vincennes an Englishman
wrote, a few years ago : "On Sunday afternoons in summer the
Bois is crowded. Under every tree, along the edge of every lawn,
by the bank of every stream, are family picnic parties, easily satisfied
and intensely happy. Stolid Englishmen are astonished at the eager-
ness with which grown-up people are playing at ball or battledore.
Nowhere is the light-hearted, kindly, cheery character of the French
middle classes seen to greater advantage. "
It is precisely to these classes that a great stadium for the practice
of athletic sports will be most valuable because from them must
come the chief strength of generations able to repair the cruel ravages
of war in the French nation. No parting gift that America could
have made to her ally would have better attested her deep desire for
the speedy rehabilitation of France, or have offered greater possibili-
ties for aiding to that end, than the Stadium which was named in
honor of the Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary
Forces.
Lying just without the southeastern walls of Paris, whose nearest
gateway, the Porte de Vincennes, is distant less than four kilometers,
the Stadium has around it a region rich in reminiscences of the eventful
history of Paris and of France. In nearly every direction, but partic-
ularly toward the southeast along the lofty hills which follow the
picturesque windings of the Marne, are a number of fine old chateaux,
each with its sheaf of legends from the past. But the Bois de Vincennes
* See map, page 87.
108 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
itself is the appropriate center of such a region. The Bois, whose
dense treetops, forming a pleasant background of green, look over
the walls of the Stadium on every side save that occupied by the Tri-
bune of Honor, was, as a fragment of primeval forest, a hunting pre-
serve of King Louis IX (Saint Louis) in the thirteenth century, and
the weathered obelisk, which stands near the south corner of the
Ecole de Polytechnic, beside the main road from the Porte de Vm-
cennes to the Stadium, is a memorial erected on the spot where, it is
said formerly grew a great oak tree beneath which the good king was
accu'stomed to dispense justice to his subjects. The original forest
was replanted in 1731 by Louis XV and under Napoleon III was
converted into a public park which at present contains about
2,275 acres, a great part of this area being given over to the Champs
de Manceuvres in the center and to the race course of Vincennes imme-
diately southwest of the Pershing Stadium. This race course is the
largest and oldest of the several around Paris.
Immediately north of the Bois is the suburb of Vincennes which
originally grew up about the Chateau de Vincennes, a royal residence
founded in the twelfth century and used and enlarged by the royalty
of France until 1740. In this chateau died several kings of France
and other famous personages, including Henry V of England, while
in the great Donjon, 170 feet high, which is the last one remaining
of nine towers, a long hst of notable prisoners have been confined at
one time or another. The chateau was defended for Napoleon against
the Allies in 1814-15 by General Daumesnil, whose memory is perpet-
uated by a statue in the town and by the largest of the lakes in the
Bois de Vincennes. Converted into a powerful fort and an artillery
depot by Louis Philippe in 1832-44, the ancient stronghold still retains
the lattei' function. The large Champ de Manoeuvres and the Poly-
gone de I'Artillerie, as well as the Ecole de Pyrotechnic and the Camp
de St. Maur, occupying the whole central part of the Bois, are all in
a sense military dependencies of Fort de Vincennes, as the work on
the site of the old royal chateau is now called. It is, indeed, what
might be termed the citadel of the powerful system of detached forti-
fications guarding Paris on the southeast from the crossings of the
Marne river as it approaches its junction with the Seine at Charenton.
North and south of Fort de Vincennes are several of the bastioned
masonry forts which guarded the city during the siege of 1870-71,
while east of it, on the high hills east of the Marne, lie Fort de ViUiers
and Fort de Champigny, works considered modern until 1914, and
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 109
designed to protect the bridgehead of Joinville-le-Pont. On the
nearer side of the river, entirely covering the loop of its last sweeping
bend before it enters the Seine, stand the older but once very powerful
redoubts of Gravelle and Faisanderie, connected by a bastioned cur-
tain separating the southeastern corner of the Bois de Vincennes from
the town of St. Maur-les-Fosses, and commanding from their heights
the whole populous suburban district embraced within the bend of
the Marne.
The traditions of St. Maur-les-Fosses lead back to the most remote
event recorded of this region, for it was here that in the year 287 A. D.
the Roman emperor, Maximianus, attacked the GaUic peasants, the
Bagaudae, who had revolted against the oppressions of Rome. The
rebel leaders, Aelianus and Amandus, lost their lives and their forces
were utterly crushed, Maximianus thus making good for a while longer
the waning Roman power. East of St.Maur, on the hills rising along
the opposite bank of the Marne, stands the village of Chennevieres
from which the views toward Paris and over the surrounding country
are so superb that Louis XIV seriously thought of making the place
his royal residence and expending upon it the vast wealth and labor
which he eventually lavished upon Versailles. It was at Chennevieres
that the long-distance and cross-country riding events of the horse-
riding competitions were held.
About two kilometers east of Joinville-le-Pont, whose railroad
station is the one most convenient to Pershing Stadium for sub-
urban trains from Paris, lies, in the lap of the hills rising eastward,
Champigny-sur-Marne. It is in the loop of the Marne forming the
bridgehead of Joinville-le-Pont, previously mentioned. Here, on
29 November, 1870, Paris being already in the throes of famine, large
French forces under command of Generals Trochu and Ducret began
the most formidable of the repeated sorties which, during the four
months' course of the siege, were made at various points in the hope
of breaking through the lines of the besieging Germans. Some ground
was gained on that day and the next, but a bridge needed for the
crossing of troops at Champigny was not thrown in time to be
of use, while the French Army of the Loire, directed in dispatches
sent by balloon to create a diversion in the German rear, failed to
receive word in time to make the necessary attack. By most violent
fighting the enemy was able to contain Trochu and Ducret in the
bridgehead westward of Champigny and, after clinging for a while to
the inferior positions which they had taken, the French retired on
110 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
2 December to the west bank of the Marne. Later and less powerful
sorties elsewhere proving equally abortive, toward the end of January,
1871, Paris surrendered.
After the outbreak of war in 1914 the ground now occupied
by the Stadium was converted into a training area and its surface
was covered with trenches and wire entanglements which had to be
cleared away when the work of laying out an athletic field was begun
in February, 1919. Directly north of the Stadium are the barracks
of the Ecole Normale de Gymnastique et d'Escrime, the remainder of
the Ecole Normale being located at the Redoute de la Faisanderie.
It seems peculiarly fitting that a locahty so intimately associated
with the martial history of France should have been chosen for the
athletic meet between the soldiers of the Allied armies, marking the
close of the greatest war in which France or any of the nations asso-
ciated with her had ever engaged. It became the site of this memor-
able celebration, however, only after careful preliminary consideration
of other possible places.
The first place considered was the stadium at Golombes, about
four kilometers northwest of Paris, where the Olympic Games of
1900 were held. It was well adapted to the proposed object in many
ways and the Y.M.C.A. secured a lease upon it for the purpose of using
it both for the A.E.F. finals and for the Inter-Allied Games themselves.
It soon became obvious, however, that it would not be just to use
a field for the international events which was familiar to only American
contestants. Golombes was retained, therefore, only for the A.E.F.
finals, and another track and field, equally unknown to all competitoi-S,
was sought. No existing place being found available it was decided
that the only solution would be to build an entirely new amphitheatre.
The site finally selected for the new structure was the one in the
Bois de Vincennes already described. It was beautifully situated,
presented many easy routes of access from Paris, and could be prepared
with a minimum of engineering difficulties. The ground belonged
to the City of Paris but, as has already been mentioned, it was being
used by the French military authorities. Through the negotiations
of the Gomite Nationale d'Education Physique et de 1' Hygiene Sociale,
however, the city, with the approval of the Ministry of War, donated
it for the purpose contemplated. The Y.M.G.A. undertook to finance
the structural work.
The constructive project was divided into two parts. The build-
ing of the reinforced concrete stadium itself was to be done by a
Top-Marshal Foch and General Pershing in reviewing stand Cen/er 'f-^^^ff^l^^'^
cloLly foUowing an event. Center ri^M-General Pershing addressmg American engneers.
/otom— Marshal Pooh, General Pershing and General Weygan watching the events.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 113
civil contractor. The grading of the field and the completion of the
track was to be the work of French military engineers. The Stadium
was designed by Buisson and Giffard, a contracting firm of Paris,
and the contract for the construction under their plans as approved
was let by the Y.M.C.A. to this firm on 24 February, 1919.
The assembling of equipment and material began at once. But
the location was a rather difficult one from the standpoint of water
supply and railroad transportation for such large building operations.
The considerable amount of water needed in concrete mixing, however,
was provided by connecting up a supply line with the Paris mains.
Sidetracks from the railroad spur running into the artillery depot
at Camp de St. Maur were laid adjacent to the Stadium site, although
throughout the building period the shortage of cars, due to the heavy
military requirements all over the country, necessitated more or less
use of motor transportation for the hauling of building material.
Construction work on a large scale had begun 11 April, the contract
providing for the completion of the Stadium in ninety working days.
By reason of the earnest and enthusiastic efforts of the contractors
the construction was about thirty-five per cent completed, a consider-
able amount of material for further work was on the ground, and
excellent progress was being made when, about 1 May, unfortunate
developments of the labor situation put a stop to all civilian work.
The date for the scheduled opening of the Games was now less
than seven weeks away. It was evident that if the Stadium was to
be completed in time heroic measures would be necessary. Accord-
ingly it was decided to put American troops to work to finish the struc-
ture and to do whatever other work might be found necessary, such
-as rendering the place conveniently accessible by the repair or con-
struction of roads and paths.
The first American troops to arrive on the ground began work
on 5 May. The organizations thenceforth employed were as follows :
Companies G and G of the 22nd Engineers, Companies B, C and F
of the 55th Engineers, Companies A, B and C of the 122d Engineers.
Headquarters Detachment and Companies A, B and C of the 128th
Engineers, Co. C of the 131st Engineers, Companies B, H, K and L
of the 59th Pioneer Infantry and Companies A and F of the 806th
Pioneer Infantry (colored) — a total of eighteen companies aggregat-
ing about 100 officers and 3,300 enlisted men.
Everyone entered into the spirit of the task with good will
and, working continuously in three daily shifts of eight hours each,
114 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — I9I9
construction was pushed as rapidly as possible considering the time
that had to be allowed for the proper setting of the concrete. As many
as eight concrete mixers were often in use at one time. The cement
used was the product of factories in France, England, and Alsace-
Lorraine. It was obtained wherever possible on the market and a large
quantity of it, finally, from the A.E.F. depots at Gievres, Le Mans,
and Paris. The latter depots also furnished considerable other mate-
rial, much of which was hauled by American trucks owing to the rail-
road situation. It was no small problem so to arrange the operations
that men could be working on all parts of the structure at once and
still allow time for the concrete, particularly that of the sections of
the grandstand and the bleachers which would be called upon to sus-
tain living loads, to set properly before the beginning of the Games.
Biit the desired result was accomplished. By the last of June the
sustaining parts of the concrete work were completed and could be
left to harden until the opening day. Practically until the opening,
however, work had to continue on the minor parts of the structure
in order to finish it.
The completed Stadium has a periphery measurement of 2,100 feet
and it encloses an area of about nine acres. The total seating capa-
city is approximately 25,000 of which the grandstand, or Tribune
d'Honneur, seats 2,500 while the bleachers, or Tribunes Populaires,
seat about 22,500. The grandstand, which is the only part covered,
has a concrete roof. It is about one hundred yards in length and
beneath it are twenty dressing rooms for the use of the athletes. Two
detached bleachers, separated from the rest of the Tribune Populaire
by the straight-away track, stand at the ends of the grandstand.
Shower baths and store rooms are constructed under the Tribune d'Hon-
neur and detached bleachers. From every part of the seating spaces
in all the tribunes the view of the track and field is excellent and
there are ample exits both by exterior stairways descending from the
back and by passageways passing beneath the structure from the
ground in front.
While the American engineers and labor troops, in their olive
drab uniforms, were working night and day on the Stadium itself,
a force of French poilus, about 300 in number, in every shade of uni-
form from the horizon blue of the Infantry and the dark blue of the
Chasseurs to the yellowish khaki of the Zouaves and the Colonials,
was working side by side with them on the field and track. Under
the direction of French engineer officers they had begun work on
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 115
12 April. Their first task was to level the field, which, in the lower-
ing of some areas of the surface and the filling of depressions, including
the old trenches, involved the moving of about 50,000 cubic meters
of earth.
Following the levelling came their most important labor, the build-
ing of the track. This consisted of a circuit for races of long distance
and a straightaway for the dashes. The straightaway was laid out
immediately in front of the Tribune d'Honneur, with its center oppo-
site to the covered grandstand, the track being 232 metres long and
ten meters wide. The oval track followed practically the shape of
the amphitheatre itself, having curving ends and two straight sides,
the one nearest to the Tribune d'Honneur coinciding with the straight-
away in front of the grandstand. The length of the corde sportive,
as the French expressively term the theoretical path of a runner on
the track, is 500 meters, measured at a distance of thirty centimeters
outside the inner rail of the track. The width of the oval track, except
during its coincidence with the straightaway, is 6.30 meters.
Four layers of cinders having a total thickness of 50 centimeters
were used in the construction of the track. The bottom layer was
made of very coarse cinders, the next of medium, the next of fine,
and the last, finishing off the surface, of very fine cinders. Six thous-
and cubic meters of cinders were used in building the track but their
bulk was reduced almost one-half by the constant rolling to which
they were subjected after being laid. Time is as important a factor
in producing the proper settling necessary for a fast track as it is in
the setting of concrete in a building. The French engineers consider-
ably reduced the period ordinarily necessary for settling by contin-
uously watering and rolling the new track during the two weeks
that intervened between its completion and the opening of the Games.
During this time the American engineers also cooperated with them
in order to make sure that everything would be in readiness in time.
After the completion of the track a football field, 144 by 70 meters,
was laid out in the center of the arena and provision was made
for fields for other games and whatever temporary structures or
ground preparation might be necessary for the exhibition of other
sports.
The labors of the American Engineer and Pioneer troops did not end
with the completion of the Stadium proper. Before the Games parking
spaces had to be provided for the large number of motor trucks and
116 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
other vehicles which were constantly bringing in building materials
and other supplies. For the automobiles bringing out officials and
other passengers during the Games, a large parking place was sited and
levelled behind the Tribune d'Honneur and between that and the
railroad tracks. From two of the main roadways passing near the Stad-
ium, the Chemin de Bosquet Montmartre and the Route de la Pyra-
mide, entirely new connecting roads were built to the Stadium. The
Chemin de Bosquet Montmartre was repaired and put in good condi-
tion over its entire length and the Route de la Pyramide from the Stad-
ium to beyond Fort de Vincennes. Several other shorter stretches
of roadway were built in various places as required and gravel paths
laid out around the whole Stadium. Necessary repairs on another
route of approach, the Avenue Daumesnil, were made by the French.
DECORATIONS
The Decoration of the Stadium was placed in charge of the Com-
mittee on Ceremonies and Parades. The plans which they prepared
involved the use of large quantities of bunting in the colors which
appear in the flags of the various Allied nations. The first scheme
under consideration centered about an ambitious idea which would
have been very effective had it proved possible to carry it out. This
was to anchor a balloon above the center of the Stadium, with four
guy ropes descending from it to the corners of the structure on which
would be hung Allied flags and streamers. However, the failure of
Germany to ratify .the peace treaty before the date of the opening
of the Games deterred the Air Service of the American Army
from providing a balloon for the purpose and the plan had to be
abandoned.
It remained to decorate only the Stadium itself. The flags of many
of the nations could easily be obtained in quantities and sizes required.
But the flags of others, particularly those very recently given a
recognized national existence by the action of the Peace Conference,
such as Czecho-Slovakia and Hedjaz, were not to be found in the
markets. In fact, their very designs were not known until after
inquiry was made of their diplomatic representatives in Paris by the
Committee. It then became necessary to establish a sewing shop
in which sixteen French seamstresses were employed for several weeks
To-p — England's entrants. Middle — Czecho-Slovakian contestants. Boltom — Group o£ U.S.
track and field athletes.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 119
in making these and other flags and large quantities of streamers and
draperies. Not only decorations for the Pershing Stadium were made
here but also decorations for use at the other places where certain
events of the Games were to be staged because they could not be put
on at the Stadium, namely: the Mare de St. James (St. James'Lake)
in the Bois de Boulogne where the swimming contests were to be held,
the Colombes Stadium where the Rugby football events were to
occur, and La Boulie Golf Links, the scene of the golf tournament.
At the Pershing Stadium itself, as has been said, the decorative
scheme involved the use of the flags and colors of the Allied Nations.
Around the inner line of the oval track was a series of flag poles,
each one carrying a large flag of one of the competing nations, all of
the flags being of the same size. The flags of France, the United
States, England, Italy, and Belgium were on the poles immediately
in front of the Tribune d'Honneur, the flags of the other nations
extending on around the track. All of these flags were on lanyards
so that they could be raised in the morning and lowered and furled
in the evening. The front edge of the roof of the Tribune d'Honneur
was draped with broad strips of bunting of the colors of the larger
nations which were looped up at each pillar in order to display a round
shield bearing the colors of one of the nations surrounded by small
flags and with strips of bunting descending from it down the face of
the pillar.
At regular intervals around the top of the tribunes, poles were
set, each carrying at its top a ring about six feet in diameter. From
these were draped streamers of Allied colors looped together at the
bottom of the pole, thus forming basket-shaped clusters. The entire
outer rail of the track, from its upper edge to the ground, was
draped with red bunting. The top rail of each of the ten large
exit doorways in the Tribune Populaire was similarly decorated.
In addition each of these doorways had above its center the shield
of one of the nations with its own and either the American or the
French flags at its sides.
The features mentioned were only the major ones of a decorative
scheme which had many effective minor details. The significance of
all of them may be said to have centered, in a permanent sense, around
the tablet on the front of the Tribune d'Honneur at its center, which
voices in its inscription the origin and the enduring purpose of Persh-
ing Stadium. The place of this tablet was, occupied during the
120 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Games by a plaster cast of what will eventually be a bronze plate
bearing the following words :
PERSHING STADIUM
ERECTED FOR THE
INTER-ALLIED GAMES
June-July 1919
BY THE
AMERICAN YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION
AND PRESENTED BY IT THROUGH
EDWARD C. CARTER
Chief Secretary
TO
GENERAL JOHN J. PERSHING
Commander-in-Chief
FOR the
AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES
and in turn presented by Gen. Pershing
TO
Mr. GEORGES CLEMENCEAU
President of the Council, Minister of War
AND Honorary President of Comite National de l'Education Physique,
Sportive et de l'Hygiene Sociale
FOR THE PEOPLE OF FRANCE
THAT THE CHERISHED BONDS OF FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN FRANCE AND AMERICA,
FORGED ANEW ON THE COMMON FIELD OF BATTLE. MAY BE TEMPERED AND
MADE ENDURING ON THE FRIENDLY FIELD OF SPORT.
TRANSPORTATION \
At the beginning of operations the Motor Transport Service of the
American Army was requested to make arrangements for furnishing
transportation for use between Paris and the Stadium to each of the
three sections of the Games Committee of the Inter-Allied Games ;
that is, to the Technical Section, the Liaison Section, and the General
Section. Each of these sections furnished to the transport service
an estimate of the peak, or maximum, transportation requirements
which it believed would be necessary for its particular service. The
sum of these estimates amounted to 95 motor cars and 20 C.M.C.
ambulances. On this basis transportation was furnished by the Motor
Transport Service, the Games Committee being given also the privi-
lege of calling for three-ton trucks for heavy hauling in any number
up to one hundred.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
121
More than sixty per cent of the trucks for which provision was
made were never called for at one time although the engineers working
on the Stadium once employed twenty-four trucks to assist in hauling
materials. Of the motor cars the Technical Section, having in charge
the actual construction work, normally used more than either of the
other sections. The Liaison Section, particularly during the Games,
was called upon for much transportation, carrying, among others,
many foreign civilians and also contestants entered in the Games.
The contestants were carried, not only on days when they were com-
peting, but on other days when they wished to attend the Games as
spectators. Under the conditions the estimated peak requirements
of the several sections were sometimes exceeded. But they were
seldom all exceeded at the same time, so the motor transport service
was generally able to take care of the excess requirements for any
one section by drawing on the idle transportation of another. Very
infrequently did an actual shortage occur and in general the transpor-
tation was ample and satisfactory to all concerned.
CHAPTER VI
CAMPS AND ACCOMMODATIONS
LTHOUGH General Pershing's invitation to the Commanders-
in-Chief of the Allied Armies included the announcement
that the American Quartermaster Corps would furnish
quarters to all visiting athletes and that the United States
Army ration would be available at the same prices allowed to the
American Army, it was not expected that all the nations participating
in the Games would depend solely upon the United States for these
things. Not that the Quartermaster Corps was not ready and willing
to supply the wants, but it was believed that some of the teams would
I^refer to buy their supplies on the open market in Paris.
But much to the surprise of the Americans, when the teams began
to arrive at Paris, one by one, they looked to the Americans to handle
all details as to food, equipment, quarters and transportation.
It is probable that the United States Army ration has never been
put to a more severe test than immediately preceding and during the
Inter-Allied Games when fifteen nations and colonies from every
part of the world took the regular issue of food — the food that
composes the "doughboy's" ration — and converted it into training
table diet. It is true that, after some of the cooks from foreign lands
had apphed their varied treatments, it would hardly have been
recognized as the component parts of Yankee "slum." But the ration
measured up in every way, according to the trainers of all the visiting
teams, to all the requirements of an athlete's diet. Very few of the
visiting teams bought food in Paris and what was bought was in such
small quantities as to be negligible.
The visiting athletes not only ate American food, but they used
American equipment to a large extent, slept in American beds in
American tents, used American cars for practically all their transpor-
tation,_ depended on the Americans to straighten out any difficulty
that might arise— in fact, the camp took on more of the American
atmosphere than was first intended, but only as the result of the incli-
nation of the visitors to leave these matters to the hosts.
rop-Frcnch contestants. CVn^er- Serbian athletes and officials. Botiom—Ovoup of Italian
ccintestants and officers.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 125
Colombes Field, which belongs to the Racing Club of France, had
ieen leased and put into shape by Y.M.C.A. experts. The American
Army erected a well equipped training camp there for the use of all
teams except the tennis players, golfers, and rowing crews. These
teams did practically all their training in their respective countries.
The force to handle the camp was quickly and well organized.
When the teams began to arrive the first we°k in June they were at
once taken to Colombes, easily accessible from Paris by train and
pike. Pyramidal tents, obtained by the supply officer from salvage,
were erected, streets were laid ofT with a row assigned to each team,
mess tents were put up and equipped. Enough men were detailed
to meet all needs.
The visitors were handled much as any American Army outfits
would have been handled under the same circumstances. When a
team arrived the men were taken to their "streets," blankets were
issued — few teams brought any personal baggage — a hot meal was
ready and transportation made available to bring any equipment
they might want from Paris.
When American rations were first purchased few of the visiting
teams understood their preparation. To meet this, American Army
cooks were immediately assigned to each mess and worked under the
direction of each team's own mess officer or mess sergeant. The
striking feature of the ration issue was the fact that few of the teams
were able to use all the food. The French, the Roumanians, the
Czecho-Slovaks, the Italians and others never learned to eat the cereals
contained in the American issue and turned them back. They took
no other food in return, simply asking for a money credit. The Aus-
tralians, however, wanted a slightly bigger meat issue for their wrest-
lers and boxers than the American issue allowed. This was easily
arranged by permitting them to draw the meat which was turned
back by other teams, for only the Australians, Canadians and New
Zealanders were able to eat the entire American meat ration.
Some of the teams used wine on their tables and a cafe at Colombes,
run by civilians, supplied this want. Some of the teams also cooked
their meat in wine. This they bought in bulk and it was the largest
single item purchased outside of the American ration.
The Quartermaster Corps allowed the visitors to buy clothing, the
only restriction placed on these purchases being that no cloth in bulk
was sold.
126 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Colombes Field proved to be an almost ideal training camp and
elicited praise from every team. The weather during the training
period was excellent though it turned somewhat cooler after the Games
began and caused some discomfort, but extra blankets and clothing
were issued and none of the teams were handicapped by the change
of weather.
Some of the teams, such as the Czecho-Slovaks and Roumanians^
coming from countries virtually fighting for existence and suffering
from a scarcity of food, were surprised at the plentiful supplies. The
American canteens, with chocolate and other sweets as well as tobacco
for sale, were open to the visitors on the same basis as to the American
soldiers.
The atmosphere of the camp was cosmopolitan, indeed. While
there had been Olympic games in which more nations entered teams
than were entered here, never before had there been an athletic meet
in which each country sent its fighting men in uniform. The variety
of dress was a most interesting feature and these soldiers, who had
been fighting for the same cause and who knew of each other by hearsay
only, fraternized splendidly when thus brought together in friendly
competition.
English and French were the official languages of the Games and
most of the visitors were able to speak one of these languages. To
facilitate the handling of the details of the camp the Liaison Section
assigned interpreters in all the languages of the Allies to the Camp
Commander, but, much to the pleasure of the visiting athletes, they
found many American soldiers doing duty at the camp who spoke
their languages. There were men who spoke the rare tongue of the
Slovaks as well as the more generally known Greek, Italian and others.
These men were always available in an emergency. The visitors soon
made their acquaintance and called on them frequently. An Ameri-
can-Chinese cook, however, waited in vain for a team to whom he
could talk in his mother tongue, for China was not represented.
A row of headquarters tents, in which were the officers in charge
of the different departments with their office forces, was erected near
the tents of the athletes. These tents housed the Commanding Officer
and Adjutant, the Supply Officer, the Athletic Supply Officer, the
Personnel Officer, the Transportation Officer and others. Telephone
connections were made and telephones were available at all times for
the officers in charge of the different teams.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 127
Ample transportation was at all times available to the teams.
On Saturday, 21 June, most of Colombes Camp was moved to-
Pershing Stadium. At Colombes were left the Australian swimmers, a
few other athletes and labor organizations. The move was effected
without disturbing the routine of training. Kitchens were opened at
Pershing Stadium before the messes were moved from Colombes.
The arrangements at the Stadium were similar to those at Colombes.
The location of the camp was probably not quite so nearly ideal, but
some improvements were made in other comforts including more room
for messing. Each team was allowed an officers' mess tent separate-
from the mess of the men. Kitchen police were assigned to aid the
kitchen help furnished by the teams.
The picked regiment from the American Army of Occupation was-
established in barracks formerly used by French Hindu-Chinese labor
troops. These barracks were in excellent condition and the smart
regiment from the Rhine made the camp a model of cleanhness. This
regiment, picked from the entire Third Army, functioned as an inde-
pendent unit, had its own battalion and company organizations, and
drew its supplies through its own Quartermaster. The barracks were
within two hundred yards of the Stadium.
The American athletes were quartered at Clignancourt Barracks-
at the end of the Metro line north of Paris. These barracks had for-
merly been a French hospital but were used during practically the
whole period of America's participation in the war as a replacement
barracks for American troops. The big buildings afforded ample
room for the athletes to do a large part of their training. A special
mess, separate from the mess of the troops at the barracks, was estab-
lished for the athletes.
The swimmers of all nations except the French did their training
outside of France and reported at Paris immediately before the aquatic
events started. The French trained in Paris.
The American team selected Neuweid, Germany, a town of some
18,000 inhabitants, situated on the Rhine, for its place of training.
A very fine natatorium, thoroughly sanitary and well equipped,
caught the eyes of the trainers while the Third Army team was training
on the Rhine. When the swimmers from the United States, who
came to France for the meet, arrived they were sent immediately to
Germany. In spite of the facilities offered by the big pool, however,
most of the American team's training was done in a small stream that
ran into the Rhine at Neuweid.
128 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The swimming events of the Games were held at Lake St. James
in the Bois de Boulogne where the A.E.F. meet had already
been held. Tents were erected for dressing rooms and other comforts
were arranged for the swimmers. No messing was done here.
CAMP NEAR LE MANS
The problems presented in connection with the Rifle and Pistol
events, which were held at Belgian Camp, Sarthe, near Le Mans, were
virtually the same as those which confronted the Games officials at
Paris and were handled in about the same way. The competition
camp was an inheritance from the A.E.F. Rifle and Pistol Competi-
tion, concluded in May, for which it had been constructed. The d'Au-
vours Range, the world's largest, with a front of 200 targets, was built
in 1918 when the Le Mans area was an American combat troop training
center. It was rehabilitated for the A.E.F. shoot and served the
Inter-Allied competitions without further alteration.
The Camp itself, while complete in all ordinary requirements of a
first class cantonment at the time of being taken over, was considerably
improved and beautified for the reception of the foreign marksmen.
The competitors were quartered in a characteristically American tent
city, one street of twenty-eight Sibley tents being assigned to each
nation. All tents were floored and equipped with doors. At the
head of each "national street" stood a tall staff bearing a large wooden
shield with the nation's coat of arms painted in colors. Competitors'
kitchens and mess halls were adjacent to their streets. Separate
messes for the officers and enlisted personnel of each contingent were
provided under the same roof. All kitchen help, barracks police and
orderlies were supplied by the United States from the two service bat-
tahons on duty at the camp.
An American officer had charge of each national street and all
men assigned to duty therewith were under his command. These
officers saw to it that every service was rendered and every wish ful-
filled which the visitors might express.
Team captains and their adjutants, and in two cases the captains'
wives, occupied a row of converted Swiss huts which was laid out in
a pine grove forming Headquarters Street. These huts were painted
and, with the addition of rustic porches and window boxes filled with
blooming flowers, bore more resemblance to small hunting lodges
than the conventional knock-down shelter. Within they were divided
Top — ^King of Montenegro presenting medals to American atUetes. Center left — General
Gavaneuser, Roumania, an interested spectator. Center right — General Pilot, France, and
General de Ache, Brazil. Bottom — King of Montenegro shaking hands with General
Pershing's son.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 131
into two rooms and furnished with rustic tables and chairs made by
American artisans from timber hewn in the grove.
At the head of the street stood the Headquarters Mess constructed
and furnished in the same style. It was accessible through a series
of winding gravel walks laid out in an artistically landscaped garden
of lawns and flower beds. This was the handiwork of a soldier who
had been a landscape gardner in civil life. In its construction more
than two acres of sod were transplanted. Night illumination was
achieved by colored lights fixed in the boughs of the trees.
The Headquarters Mess was the scene of much of the social side
of the camp life. During the day its broad veranda formed a gallery
for spectators of tennis and golf. Every effort was made to invest
the free hours of the visitors with a social atmosphere in keeping with
their traditions of hospitality. The officers of the visiting teams
were entertained in turn and at the conclusion of the meet the team
captains were the guests of the Headquarters Staff at a dinner dance.
There were nightly entertainments for the enlisted men at the
Y.M.C.A. theater and clubrooms. Tennis courts, a golf course, volley-
ball courts, baseball grounds and a swimming pool were provided for
the use of the competitors.
The officers and part of the enlisted personnel of the camp were
housed in thirty-eight wooden barracks. The remainder of the enlisted
men lived in tents.
HORSE-RIDING COMPETITORS AT FORT DE CHAMPIGNY
The officers and enlisted men and also the horses of the Allied teams
entered in the Horse-Riding events were received and quartered at Fort
de Champigny, one of the outer chain of forts erected for the defense
of Paris. In it comfortable quarters were arranged for the enlisted men
of all the Allied teams and messing arrangements and other conven-
iences estabhshed for them. Stables were immediately built on the
adjoining public ground for the horses and land was rented nearby
on which suitable obstacles were quickly constructed so that after
their arrival the various Allied teams might continue their training
without interruption until the day of the events in the Stadium. These
obstacles were duplicates of the obstacles to be placed later in the
Stadium and were laid out with distances and arrangements exactly
as they would be found on the day of the events. All the Allied teams
availed themselves of this obstacle course and continued their training
132 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
at Fort de Champigny after their arrival. Colonel F. P. Lahm, A.S., was
designated as Commanding Officer of Fort de Champigny, a suitable
staff placed at his disposal, and under his direction the Allied officers
were billetted in the adjoining towns, automobile transportation fur-
nished for trips to and from the Stadium and to Paris, and, in general,
every attention possible was given by him towards the comfort and
pleasure of the officers and men.
Officers' messes were established by each nation. The enlisted
men of each nation were rationed and the horses foraged at the expense
of the United States. A suitable saddling stable, about 1,000 yards
from the Stadium, was rented and placed at the disposal of all the
teams for temporary use on the days of the events in the Stadium,
where the officers might assemble their horses under cover, and where
suitable conveniences were provided for officers, men and horses
while waiting their turn to enter, according to their places on the
starting list.
ROWING TRAINING CAMP, BOIS DE BOULOGNE
The departure of a number of military police no longer needed in
Paris left room in the American Military Police Barracks in Bois de
Boulogne at Aqueduct Bridge for the 150 Allied oarsmen training for
the Inter-Allied Regatta on the Seine, 17-18 July. Each of the ten
competing nations and colonies had separate quarters for their oarsmen,
trainers and boatmen. All the contestants messed together in one
of the vacant mess halls, each crew having its own training table.
Across the street, on the river bank, twelve canvas hangars were
set up to house the shells and other material required for the races.
Three landing stages were built on the shore and the shells and tents
were guarded night and day by American soldiers. The Y.M.C.A.
provided an entertainment tent where refreshments were served, dances
held and every opportunity given to the visitors to mingle under
pleasant conditions.
CHAPTER VII
EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES
HiLE the lack of sufficient athletic equipment was a serious
handicap to the teams of mahy of the competing nations
during the period of their training in their own land, as has
been seen in Chapter IV, "How the Teams Were Selected
and Trained for the Games," practically all difficulties disappeared
immediately upon arrival in Paris.
Naturally, the first thought of the coaches and managers after
their arrival was to complete their stock of athletic goods. The sec-
tion of the Games Committee charged with Equipment and Supplies
assisted the visitors in every way possible by advising them as to
where the needed articles could be purchased, and by furnishing neces-
sary transportation. In accordance with the general regulations
governing the competitions, each nation assumed responsibility for
the equipment for its individual athletes. However, the American
Expeditionary Forces provided all field equipment and all supplies
which are not strictly personal, including javelins, vaulting poles,
discus, 16-pound shot, wrestling mats, tug-of-war ropes, and complete
baseball, football and basketball equipment, in addition to the more
permanent fixtures on the field such as stands, poles, bars, hurdles,
flags and lanes. Prior to the opening of the Games, dumbbells, chest-
weights, boxing rings and similar supplies were furnished the athletes
at Colombes Field for training purposes. Personal equipment also
was furnished to the baseball teams and in certain other cases where
the visitors were unable to provide for their needs either on account
of lack of time or the scarcity of the articles required.
The chief source of supply of athletic goods was the large stock
brought to France by the Y.M.C.A. in particular, the other welfare
societies assisting also, in anticipation of the A.E.F. athletic program.
The Equipment and Supply section of the Games Committee was
practically the same organization which had been charged with the
distribution of athletic goods in the A.E.F. Consequently there
was no difficulty nor delay in procuring the principal articles of
equipment. However, it was necessary to buy some articles on the
134
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
French market and even to send to England for special equipment
required for sports not played among American troops.
During the Games a supply booth was maintained under the Tri-
bune d'Honneur in charge of a supply officer who was prepared to
meet the needs of everyone on short notice. The main supply tent
was located in the Inter-Allied Camp. In case the required articles
were not in stock either at the booth or at the tent, the request was
telephoned to the Paris office where it was immediately taken care
of by the purchasing officer on duty.
After the Games the supplies were salvaged for reshipment to the
United States for use among the troops there. The teams of the
Allies were allowed to keep some sets of equipment for a number of
sports, notably baseball. This gift was made for the purpose of encour-
aging those sports among those nations which would not have been
able to continue to play the games unless they had received this assist-
ance from America.
Top left-Fouv Hfdjaz camels which amused the crowd with a number '''' ^'f ;';■ T"^'
riahl-A demonstration of Hedjaz swordsmanship. Botom Ze/^-Hedjaz camel and its ride.
Boilom right— K Hedjaz representative.
CHAPTER VIII
MEDICAL ARRANGEMENTS
HEN a heavy-muscled Greek wrestler stepped from the ring
at Pershing Stadium with an angry mat burn across his
broad shoulders, a medical officer was on hand to give him
proper treatment. If an Arab failed to parry a slashing
swing of a sabre in the hands of a fellow tribesman and lost a few
square inches of cuticle as a result, a bandage was promptly apphed
by the hands of an Army surgeon. If Monsieur Bonhomme became
excited when a poilu breasted the tape ahead of the other AUies and
tumbled from the perchy bleachers, a doctor and an ambulance were
on the spot in anticipation of the accident.
Medical arrangements to care for the hundreds of athletes and
the thousands of other officers and men of all nations connected with
the big games, as well as for the spectators, assumed large proportions.
The chief surgeon of the District of Paris, American Expedi-
tionary Forces, was in charge of medical arrangements for the Games.
This made available the entire machinery of this department and
through it were operated the dispensaries and dressing stations estab-
lished at all the sites of competitions.
While proud of the completeness of their arrangements for medical
and surgical relief, the attendants were very much gratified that no
grave cases arose to require their remedial measures. Considering
the large number of contestants who participated in the Games, and the
thousands of spectators who crowded the Stadium and grounds for
fifteen days, the fact that there was not a single really grave accident
was remarkable.
Not one participant in the competitions received a serious hurt.
Several spectators suffered painful and somewhat serious injuries.
Two of these were due to the press of the crowd on Opening Day.
A Frenchman who had succeeded in gaining a coigne of vantage
in a tree, whence he could catch a fleeting glimpse of the marching
troops and other ceremonials, lost his footing and suffered a bad case
of shock. In the jam around the gates a woman sustained a dislo-
cated elbow. These cases were treated by the first aid station and
138 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
rushed to French hospitals. The most serious accident of the Games
was sustained by an American soldier on the night of the Fourth of
July when the trough holding a skyrocket slipped and the blazing
arrow shot into his face as he sat in the stand. The sight in one eye
was endangered by this bit of celebration of the Glorious Fourth.
One of the first acts of the Medical Department was to ofl'er to
cooperate closely with all the physicians of the visiting teams. At
the dressing stations soldiers and athletes of all nations were treated >
The main dispensary for the Games was set up at the camp at Persh-
ing Stadium. This consisted of a hospital tent divided into an
operating room, a dressing station, quarters for the enlisted personnel,,
and a prophylactic station. Three officers and ten enlisted men
handled all medical work at the Stadium itself. In addition to holding
sick call daily for 3,500 men, this dispensary kept a medical officer
in the arena at all times when competition was actually going on. An
officer also was sent to the Salle-d'Escrime nearby, where much of
the fencing was held. An officer was at the ringside for every boxing
bout. An ambulance was held in readiness at the entrance to the
Stadium during the Games and three others were available. These
arrangements were in addition to the less elaborate arrangements of
the medical officers with each of the competing teams. American
and French hospitals in Paris were ready to take any case that could
not be handled at the dispensary.
During the Tennis and Golf tournaments medical officers and a
sufficient number of enlisted personnel were sent from the Paris Dis-
trict office. At Mare St. James a first-aid tent was set up and a medical
officer with enlisted personnel cared for the swimmers. This station
was also operated from the Paris District. An ambulance accom-
panied the runners in the Gross-Country race but was not needed.
While training was in progress at Colombes Field, a dispensary
was operated there.
In a word the medical arrangements were marked by unusual pre-
cautions for every phase of the Games, from the more hazardous,
such as fencing, to sports in which the probability of injury is almost
neghgible, such as golf; but the actual duties of the section fortunately
turned out to be nothing more than the treatment of a few injuries
and attending to the routine prescriptions of sick call.
CHAPTER IX
RECEPTIONS AND ENTERTAINMENTS
N order properly to play the role of host to guests from
eighteen parts of the world, whose ideas of entertainment
differ almost as widely as do their languages, there was
organized a special department to see that none of the
participants in the Inter-Allied Games suffered from ennui and that
their time did not hang heavily on their hands before or during the
Games.
This department was composed of officers and welfare workers
of the Y.M.C.A. who had experience along this line in the American
Army. These people had already discovered the psychological fact
that no other entertainment is so enjoyed by the American doughboy
as that which he furnishes or takes part in himself. This knowledge
was applied in the plan of entertainment for the Inter-Allied athletes.
In other words, the entertainment department worked out a scheme
to make the visitors feel that it was "their show."
The teams were met when they arrived in Paris, taken to their
camps and told to "make themselves at home." Of course there
were formal entertainments, but the greatest stress was laid on the
plan of having every man meet the rest of the fellows. The scheme
worked. The cosmopolitan atmosphere of the little groups about
the pianos proved it. Informal dances that simply started up spon-
taneously with a Belgian or a Frenchman pounding out the latest
American foxtrot for a group of all nations to dance by, showed that
language and customs were no barriers. When the supply of Y.M.C.A.
and Red Cross girls was not enough to allow each athlete a dancing
partner, an Australian, with ostrich plume swaying, seized a fellow-
soldier from Roumania and swung into the rhythm. "Madelon"
proved to be almost an international song. But everybody knew
"Tipperary." If they didn't know the words they whistled the
tune. And the visitors entertained each other. For it must be
remembered that most of them were as interesting to the others as
all were to the Americans. When the Arabs stretched a canvas
across the tennis court at Colombes Field and performed the latest
140 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — I9I9
thing in sword dancing, or the Czecho-Slovaks did a folk dance, the
Poilu athletes were just as interested as the Canadians. These sol-
diers, fresh from their common victory, made an interesting and varied
crowd as they formed a circle around the performers. The incident
at Babel produced no greater variety of tongues than voiced approval
of a particularly well received stunt.
Social and club life was provided for all the visiting athletes; a
hut was erected for the Composite Regiment, one for the casual troops
and one for the four negro companies.
The center of main activities was the Y.M.C.A. Inter-Allied Hut,
90 by 140 feet, rightly called "the melting pot." This hut was
moved from Brest to the camp at Pershing Stadium. It was here
that the best of the A.E.F. shows were staged. The stage and lighting
arrangements were almost perfect. Cinema shows were held nightly
when other formal entertainments were not scheduled. Four formal
dances were held. It took twenty-one Y.M.C.A. secretaries and
ninety-five American girls to operate this hut. Besides making and
serving lemonade, the women worked in shifts, as they termed it,
as "floaters." This meant that their duty was to remain in the
hut, available as dancing partners, to start informal games, give
information and encourage the visitors to mingle. This plan produced
a wonderfully homelike atmosphere in the big hut.
A total of 39,000 litres of ice cream and 200,000 gallons of lemonade
were served without charge by the Y.M.C.A. during the training period
and while the games were on.
In the hbrary corner of the big hut hundreds of letters were written
home daily in no fewer than twelve languages. All these letters
could be mailed in the postoffice at the hut.
Most of the 1,000 athletes and 7,000 other troops in and around the
Stadium went on sight-seeing trips in Versailles, Paris and vicinity
with Y.M.C.A. guides and in cars furnished by both the Army and
the Y.M.C.A.
Some of the best speakers of the day delivered addresses to the
visitors and other troops. Such men as former Ambassador Henry
Morgenthau were on the lecture program.
Not all the entertaining was done at Colombes and Pershing
Stadiums. At Chgnancourt, where many American athletes were
quartered, similar recreation places and programs were arranged
by the Y.M.C.A. The horsemen were well earned for at Champigny.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
143
The visitors gasped at the magnitude of the entertainment arrange-
ments. Free ice cream and other dainties were things that had
been unknown for a long time in some of their war-ravaged countries.
Trainers said that at first many of the men showed signs of overindul-
gence in sweets, but the quality of the cream and the pure lemon juice
insured no really bad effects.
Transportation was available at all times for groups that wanted
to make special trips. The officers of all nations were given the same
privileges of using automobiles that the American officers enjoyed.
In addition to the big entertainment huts an officers' tent was
erected at Pershing Stadium where Allied officers could meet more
privately. This tent was handled somewhat similarly to the others.
Pershing Hut was a bungalow erected for the accommodation of
the Commander-in-Chief, his friends and dignitaries who visited the
Games. It was the "reception room," so to speak, of the host.
It was in this hut that all high officials were entertained for a short
while before and after the Games each afternoon. A private entrance
led from the bungalow to the Stadium.
The Games, then, became a sort of huge, three-sided entertainment.
The athletes entertained the thousands who poured out to see the
competitions each day ; they entertained each other, and the Y.M.C.A.
and American Army left nothing undone to supply them with outside
entertainment.
CHAPTER X
MEDALS AND TROPHIES
ERiT was rewarded and permanent recognition made of the
part played by victorious athletes through the agency of
trophies, medals and diplomas.
Of greatest interest to the individual competitors was
the Inter-Allied Medal which was awarded to the winners of first,
second and third places in each event, and to each member of the
winning teams. Winners in all the principal sports likewise received
the gold or silver medal of the French Minister of War.
Trophies were donated by prominent officials of the competing
nations in the majority of sports. Among the illustrious donors of
gifts are the names of President Wilson, President Poincare, King
Albert of Belgium, Marshal Petain, M. Glemenceau, Italy's Minister
of War, China's Minister of War, and their Excellencies, Hoo Wei
Teh and Lou Tsong Tsing of the Celestial Republic.
The Presidential Trophy can well be considered the principal one
of the list. It is a beautiful bronze by the classic sculptor, Lanson,
and represents the successful return of Jason after his heroic quest
of the Golden Fleece. A happier symbolism could scarcely have
been chosen by President Wilson for his gift, typifying as it does not
only the supreme attainment of merit at Pershing Stadium, but also the
attitude — almost that of a Launcelot — of America's participation in
World War. It was awarded to the nation winning the highest the
place in the track and field events.
President Poincare contributed eight trophies — a large bronze
statue of America's best friend, the Marquis de Lafayette, designed
by Dolan, and seven small statuettes representing four types of the
French poilu and three of the Yankee doughboy. The latter group
in particular is wonderfully well done, full of the poise and action
that are the characteristics of these fighters. They were awarded in
the swimming events which were of particular interest to the French
President.
King Albert of Belgium interested himself particularly in the art
of military equitation and accordingly presented a handsome silver
See illustrations, pages 75 473 481 487 49.5.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 145
cup, surmounted by the figure of Winged Victory, to be given to the
team making the best performance in horsemanship.
Italy's monarch, in commemoration, perhaps, of the safe return
to Venice of the famous horses of St. Marks, donated a pair of exquis-
itely wrought silver horses mounted on marble pedestals. The
workmanship is marvelous and fully carries out the old Itahan guild
traditions of delicacy and feehng in design and execution. They
were prizes in the Rowing (Eights) contests.
True to his constant belief in the importance of individual marks-
manship as well as organization expertness in musketry, General Persh-
ing identified his gift with the rifle-shooting competition of the
Games. His trophy was doubtless the most heroic and inspiring in
pose of all the varied prizes and yet the bronze statue partakes of the
classic only in spirit. With true fidelity to the original, the artist,
Richefeu, caught and molded into his work the indomitable spirit of
the American soldier in action. With trench knife grasped in his
left hand and with menacing automatic in his outstretched right,
with every line and curve of his figure picturing energy and fearless-
ness, the Doughboy is a symbol of American resolution in time of
stress and adversity, and of grim American aggressiveness when the
battle broke in favor of the Allies.
The trophy given by France's beloved premier, M. Clemenceau,
sets forth, as nothing else could have done, his country's deep, abiding
love of ultimate justice and right. In noble gold and bronze, his gift
portrays what France longed and labored for throughout the years
since 1870. Virile, exultant, victorious in idealism and justice, the
Cock stands triumphant at last over the black German Eagle.
The Boche sword is finally broken, no more to threaten the happy
homes of France, and the hated Prussian helmet is at last humbled
to the dust of dishonor and oblivion. The artist, Vacossin, could
find no more appropriate title for his work than that which he chose,
"La ;Revanche et le Droit." It was awarded to the winning soccer
team.
Marshal Petain gave a beautiful gold stop watch to the winner of
the Rowing Singles. Another beautifully wrought gold watch was
the gift of the Italian Minister of War. It was awarded to the winner
of the 800-meter run.
Although unable to send a team, China showed her interest in the
Games by donating three handsome gifts. The Minister of War's
10
146
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
gold cup, His Excellency Hoo Wei Teh's exquisite porcelain bowl,
and Lou Tsong Tsing's silver cup, are beautiful examples of oriental
craftsmanship.
The Comite Nationale d'Education Physique et de I'Hygiene Sociale
contributed a notable bronze statue of General Hoche designed by
Dalon.
The French medal was made by the government mint. It shows
on the obverse side the classic French Liberty head in profile with the
words "Republique Frangaise," and on the reverse side is the desig-
nation of the donor, "Prix offert par le Ministre de la Guerre." The
Inter-Allied medal is of bronze after a design by F. Fraisse and shows
on one side Liberty bestowing a wreath of Victory upon two Greek
athletes with the inscription, "Corporis Robur et Habilitas." The
reverse of the medal, with appropriate ornamentation, bears the name
of the winner, the event, and place engraved for the various events.
The schedule of awards of medals and trophies was as follows :
Event
Inter-Allied
Medal
Isl 2ncl 3rd Tolal
.36
.20
Baseball 18 18 .
Basketball 10 10 .
Boxing :
Bantamweight. .
Featherweight. .
Lightweight. . . .
Welterweight . . .
Middleweight.. .
Light-heavyw't .
Heavyweight. . .
Cross Country Race .
Fencing (Foils) Ind..
Fencing (Saber) Ind.
Fencing (Epee) Ind.
Fencing (Foils) Team 6 6
Fencing (Saber) Team 6 6
Fencing (Epee) Team 6 6
Soccer 14 14,
1 3
1 3
1 3
1 3
..12
..12
..12
. . 28
Rugby 18 18 ...36
Silv
French Medal
er to winner.
Trophies
Chin. Porc'rn. Bowl.
Statue of General
Hoche.
1st Place-Gold.
2nd Place-Silver.
Gold, to winner.
Silver lor each mem- Cock and Eagle,
ber ol team, To-
tal 11.
Silver for each mem- Chinese Silver Cup.
ber of winning
team, Total 15.
Fourth of July .'it Pershing Stadium. yop-Airplanf soaring ovr^r field. Center left and
riyht-Night pageants. J5o«o»i— Airplane flying inside the Stadnau
Event
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
Prencli Medal
149
Inter-Allied
Medal
1st 2id 3ra Total
Trophies
Golf, Ind 1 1 2
Golf, Team 8 8 8 24
Hand-GrenadeThrow 1113 Silver to winner.
Horse-riding, Mili-
tary Team 6 6 6 18
Horse-riding Ind ... 1113
Horse - riding Prize
Jumping, Ind 1 1 1 3 Gold to winner.
Horse - riding Prize
Jumping, Prs 2 2 2 6 Silver to winner, to-
tal 2.
Rowing (Singles).. . . 1113 Silver to winner
Silver Cup, King of
the Belgians.
Gold watch. Mar-
shal Petain.
Rowing (Fours) 5 5 5 15 Silver to each mem-
ber of winning
crew, coxswain ex-
cluded.
Rowing (Eights). ... 9 9 9 27 Silver to each mem- Two Statues of Hor-
ber of winning ses, King of Italy,
crew, coxswain
excluded.
Shooting, Rifle Silver to each mem- "Hands Up," Gen-
Team 15 15 15 45 ber of winning ri- eral Pershing.
fle team. Silver
to high individual
score.
Shooting, Rifle, Ind. 1113 Gold to winner.
Shooting, Pistol, Silver to each mem-
Team 13 13 13 39 ber of winning Chinese Gold Cup.
team. Silver to
highest individual
score.
Swimming :
a. 100-M. Free
style
6. 100-M. Back
stroke
c. 200- M. Breast
stroke
d. 400- M. Free
style
e. 800 -M. Free
style
/. 1500-M. Free
style
1 3 Silver to winner.
13
1 O 5» )» >>
13
1 3 Silver to winner.
13
Seven statues of Sol-
diers, President
Poincar6.
150
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Inter-AIlied
Event
Medal
French Medal
Trophies
Isl
2nd 3rd Tutal
g. 800 -M. Relay,
Silver
to each mem-
Freestyip,
ber
of winning
(4 men) 4
4 4
12
team.
Tennis :
a. Singles 1
1
o
Silver to winner.
b. Doubles 2
'_)
4
J)
51 ))
c. Team Singles
and Doubles. 4
4
Track and Field :
a. 100-M. Dash. . 1
3
Silver
to winner.
Jason and the Gol-
b. 200-M. Dash. . 1
3
"
"
den Fleece, Pres-
c. 400-M. Dash. . 1
3
i)
51 17
ident Wilson.
d. 800-M. Run. .. 1
3
))
" "
e. 1500-M. Run. . 1
3
" "
Gold watch, Italian.
f. Modified Ma-
Minister of War.
rathon. 1
3
Gold to winner.
g. 110-M. High
hurdles 1
3
Silver
to winner.
/2. 200-M. Low
hurdles 1
3
"
"
i. Running High
Jump 1
3
"
)) w
/. Running Broad
Jump 1
3
"
" "
k. Standing Broad
Jump 1
3
"
n o
l. Hop, Step and
Jump 1
3
"
"
m. Pole Vault 1
3
"
.>
n. Throwing Jave-
lin 1
3
"
.:
0. Throwing Dis-
cus 1
3
,,
15 1-)
p. Putting 16 lb.
shot 1
3
"
)J 5 J
q. Pentathlon ... 1
4
1st PI;
ice, Gold. 2nd
Place, Silver.
r. Relay race, 800
M. (4 men) 4 4 4 12 Silver to winner,
s. Relay race,
1600-M. (4
men) 4 4 4 12 " " "
I. Relay race,
Medley (4
men.) 4 4 4 12 ' "
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
151
Event
Inter-Allied
Medal
1st and Srd Totol
French Medal
Tug Of War (9 men) . 11 11 . . .22
Water Polo 10 10
Wrestling :
a. Catch-as-catch-
can.
Bantam
Feather
Light
Welter
Middle
Light-heavy
Heavy ....
b. Greco-Roman :
Bantam ....
Feather
Light
Welter . . .
Middle
Light-heavy
Heavy
Special events (Ar-
my of Occupation
Only).
a. 800-M. Relay
Race (4 men.)
b. Running broad
Jump
..20
..2
..2
..2
..2
. .2
. .2
..2
. .2
. .2
..2
..2
..2
9
4 4 4 12
1113
Trophies
Silver to each mem-
ber of winning
team. Total 9.
Silver to winner of
each wrestling
event — Greco - Ro-
man Style, total 7.
In addition to the medals and trophies prepared for the successful
competitors, each individual winner and all members of winning teams
received a diploma signed by General Pershing and by Colonel Wait
C. Johnson, Chairman of the Games Committee. This diploma bears a
special design prepared by the American sculptor, Captain Aitken of
the U. S. Army, and shows the name of the athlete, the country
represented by him, the place won by himself or his team, the event
participated in, and the date and place of the event. A similar diploma
was presented to all members of the Advisory Committee for their
work in promoting the success of the sports.
All games and administrative officials and competitors were given
an artistically wrought bronze badge, which, when worn with variously
Diploma, page 69. Design of bronze badge, page 1.
152
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
colored ribbons, identified them and their divers duties. The metal
emblem bore the legend "Inter-AUied Games, Pershing Stadium,
Paris, June, 1919."
Ribbons in the following color combinations and numbers were
distributed :
GAMES OFFICIALS
COLOR OF COLOR OF
BIBBON INK No. EIBEON INK
Referee White Gold 10 Red Gold
Scorer White Gold 10 Red Gold
Starter White Gold 10 Red Gold
Judge White Gold 100 Red Gold
Inspector White Gold 100 Red Gold
Timer White Gold _. 50 Red Gold
Clerk of course White Gold 10 Red Gold
Umpire White Gold Red Gold
Official White Gold 100 Red Gold
Manager White Gold 25 Red Gold
COLOB OF
No. BIBBON INK No.
10 Blue Gold 10
25 Blue Gold 15
10 Blue Gold 10
50 Blue Gold 50
Blue
10 Blue Gold 25
6
75 Blue Gold 25
100 Blue Gold 100
25 Blue Gold 25
GENERAL OFFICIALS
Games Committee . . .
Advisory Committee .
Press
Photographers
Courier
Information
Usher
Liaison Section
Technical Section . . .
General Section
BIBBON , INK No.
Gold Blue 15
Red, White and Blue Gold 50
Yellow Black 50
Yellow Black 50
Light Green Gold 50
Red Gold 100
Yellow Black 300
Red Gold 75
Red Gold 100
Red Gold 100
Athletes in all events
COMPETITORS
COLOB OF
BIBBON INK
Blue Gold
No.
1,500
Baseball. Toy — Amprica. Center left — America playing against Canada. Center right —
Gilpatrlck of Canada scoring on hit to center by Klaehn, beating throw from center.
Bottom — Canada.
CHAPTER XI
ADVERTISING THE GAMES
s the Inter-Allied Games were organized not only as a test
of athletic skill but with a view to arousing universal
interest in organized sports, publicity connected with the
Games had the double role of sport propaganda as well as
athletic news. In addition it was the function of the Pubhcity
Department to stimulate interest in the Inter-Allied Games, not only
among those fortunate enough to be living in Paris with opportunity
to witness the Games, but among the people of all Allied nations.
In the main this was accomplished by the printing press and the
camera.
The large crowds filling Pershing Stadium day after day regardless
of rain and cold were the proof of the persuasive power of the publicity
campaign. The same is true of the thousands who saw the swimming
competitions in the Bois de Boulogne or who watched the Rugby matches
at Colombes. They would not have been there but for the work of
three sections of the Publicity Department of the General Section of
the Inter-Allied Games — The Press Section, Printing and Adver-
tising Section, and the Information Service. And it is the fourth
section, the Historical Section, which collected the necessary data
and wrote this history.
It was through the press that the pubhc first learned of the Inter-
Allied Games. This information came from the Press Section organized
for the service of all newspapers and periodicals of the competing
countries. The Section served Parisian publications both in French
and English ; Continental papers including French, Belgian, Italian,
Portugese, Czecho-Slovak, Yugo-Slav, Roumanian, and Greek ; British
papers in Australia, New Zealand and Canada as well as in the British
Isles, and also the American press.
In addition to supplying newspapers with written articles and pho-
tographs, the Press Section obtained authentic material and offered
every facility possible to newspapermen writing their own accounts
of the Games. Composed of officers, soldiers and Y.M.C.A. workers
who were newspaper writers before the war, the staff of the Press
156
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Section was organized on the lines of a large American city newspaper.
There were also several French journalists attached to this Section.
At the Press Section offices at 1 1 Avenue Montaigne, Paris, Army
rank was practically discarded. Editors and writers were assigned
to "cover," the various features of the Games and a second lieutenant,
for example, edited articles written by captains, lieutenants and enlisted
men. The object was to get out the news, to get the facts of the Inter-
Allied Games before Allied readers.
Both before and during the Games these articles were furnished
to Paris newspapers printed in English and to British and American
papers. Here is a record of Inter-Allied Games news items, written
by the Press Section, which were printed during the week previous
to the Games in the three English printed Parisian newspapers :
Sunday June
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
NBW-TOBK
CHICAGO
LONDON
H£IBAIiD
TRIBUNE
DAn.T MATT.
Mems
Words
Items
Words
Items
Words
15
5
1,800
12
3,055
21
2,340
16
5
1,800
12
4,030
1
65
17
4
1,800
13
3.835
8
1,560
18
6
3,180
12
3,250
15
2,665
19
4
4,355
13
4,615
4
975
20
1
2,820
11
3,835
3
1,335
21
6
31
3,360
17
90
4,160
11
63
1,950
19,115
26,780
10,890
Grand total : 184 items, 56,785 words.
Newspapers printed in French received a similar service. French
articles were written daily by Parisian journalists attached to the
Press Section and reproduced generously in the sports columns of
French and Belgian newspapers. Through the generous and unfailing
cooperation of the American Committee on Public Information, Inter-
Alhed Games news was transmitted by wireless each day to America,
Great Britain, Czecho-Slovakia, and the Balkans.
During the Games a section of the Tribune d'Honneur of Pershing
Stadium nearest the finish Hne of the track events was reserved for
the press. Official results were sent here within a few seconds after
the stopwatch recorded the time of a race. Telephones were installed
in the press stand for Parisian representatives to communicate results
to their papers. In this way Paris evening papers were able to print
an account of athletic events held the same afternoon.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 157
Just behind Pershing Stadium a building was set aside as press
headquarters. Here were more telephones and French and American
typewriters for the use of press representatives. Motorcycle couriers
were available to deliver "copy" in Paris to newspapers or to the cable
offices. Army telegraph lines communicating with Paris were installed
here and through this medium the Games were chronicled event by
event for the use of French, British, and American news services such
as Havas, Reuters's, Associated Press, United Press, and the Inter-
national News Service,
One branch of the Press Section handled photographs exclusively.
A staff of U.S, Signal Corps photographers was attached to this branch
and kept constantly on the field at Pershing Stadium taking pictures
of every event. The negatives were rushed by couriers to the photo-
graphic laboratories where prints were made and delivered to Paris
papers the same day. The next morning the Paris pubhc would see
a photograph of an exciting finish to the race witnessed the afternoon
before. A number of interesting photographs of the Games were
taken from airplanes above Pershing Stadium. The photographic
branch kept on file copies of photographs of all events and distin-
guished personages at the Inter-Allied Games. These were furnished
without charge to Allied publications. The close of the Games saw
the photographic branch in possession of a complete pictorial history
of the Inter-AUied Games, not only of the events themselves, but of
the training for these events before the Games.
Another important section of the Publicity Department was Print-
ing and Advertising. This section had charge of the printing of the
500,000 tickets necessary for the fifteen days at Pershing Stadium,
the Tennis events at the Racing Club and Stade Francais, the Swimming
competitions at Mare St. James, and the Rugby matches at Colombes
Field. A thousand posters in colors were printed and posted on Paris
billboards. An equal number of placards, bearing the same design
as the posters, were placed in hotels and shop windows, and 100,000
postcards, posters in miniature, were distributed to hotels, information
booths, and rooms of the Y.M.C.A., Red Cross, and Knights of Colum-
bus.
This section placed the orders for the engraving of invitations.
Several thousand handbooks listing the sports of the Inter-AUied
Games were issued, and copies of the Games Rules and Regulations
printed with French and English texts. Thousands of information
folders, with directions as to best routes to reach Pershing Stadium,
See iUustrations, pages 51 57 63 ; inserts opposite 160.
158 THE INTER-ALLIF,D GAMES — 1919
were printed for the Information Service. Other printing items
included hundreds of signs for Pershing Stadium and other places
where various events were held, cloth numerals for contestants, and
brassards. Automobile routes to the Stadium were marked by signs
through the maze of Bois de Vincennes. It was this section which
prepared 10,000 souvenir booklets, designed by American students at
Julien's Academy, which were given to contestants in the Games.
The Daily Program for the Games required great care as well as
speed in preparation. This folder listed the day's events, contestants
entered, and results of events of the preceding day. Copy for the
next day's program could not be made up until all the afternoon's
results were available, usually about nine o'clock in the evening. By
working all night, type was set up at the A.E.F. Central Printing
Plant, and the Mobile Printing Plant of the 29th Engineers had
20,000 copies printed by morning ready for distribution at information
booths in Paris and at the Stadium.
A threatened strike of Paris newspaper printers led to fears that
not a daily paper in the city would appear just before and during the
Games. In case of such a strike taking place, the Publicity Depart-
ment had all arrangements made to issue a four page daily newspaper
with items of world news as well as news of the Inter-Allied Games.
With the Press Section already having an organization similar to
that of an American newspaper, with arrangements made to secure
cable and telegraphic news, and with the Mobile Printing Plant avail-
able, the Pubhcity Department could have brought out a condensed
paper each morning with little difficulty.
The Information Service, another section of the Publicity Depart-
ment, also kept the public informed as to the Inter-AUied Games.
Through the courtesy of the French Mission in Paris, seventy-five
noncommissioned officers of the French Army, who spoke Enghsh,
were attached temporarily to this service. Also, twenty-five non-
commissioned officers from the Third American Army were attached
for duty. These men reported 10 June and immediately were sent to
a school which lasted until the opening of the Games. Here they
were taught the history, organization, object and other facts concern-
ing the Inter-Allied Games.
Authority was sought and given to establish forty-one information
booths in the city of Paris at the following places : Compagnie Gene-
rale des Omnibus de Paris bureaux in Place Chatelet, Place Louvre,
Place de la Republique, Gare de I'Est, Gare de Lyon, Gare du Nord,
PERSHING STADIUM
Is Located 2 Kilometers East of Paris.
Near Joinville-lePont.
To Reach the Stadium
STADE PERSHING
SiTUE A 2 Kilometres a l'Est de Paris.
PRES de JOINVILLE-LE-PONT.
Pour Aller au Stadt
METRO AND CONNECTIONS
Take line No. 1 in direction Porte Vincennes. From
Porte Vincennes tramway runs every five minutes direct
to stadium. Take tramcars marked "Champigny" or "La
Varenne."
Taxi-cabs also meet Metro at this point.
METRO ET CORRESPONDANCES
De iJ'pTriV^x)-^^ "°- h ^''^"°° P"'*^ <^« Vincennes.
Ue la i-orte de Vincennes des tramways partem toutes les
cinq minutes dans la direction du Stadc. PrenieSra,^
ways "Champigny"-ou "la Varenne."
Des taxis se trouveront aussi a la sortie du Metro.
STEAM RAILROAD
Chemin de Fer de Vincennes leaves Place Bastille
every twenty minutes for Joinville-le-Pont.
Take Metro line No. 1 direction Port Vincennes to
Gare de Vincennes at Place de la Bastille to board trains.
Taxi-cabs meet trains at Joinville-Ie-Pont.
TRAINS
U fiif ^f"'" ^f ^" ^^ Vincennes part de la Plac- de
la Bastille toutes les vingt minutes. Prendre metro li;rne
no. , direction Porte de Vincennes. Descendre a la
BasUlle pour prendre le train a la Gare de Vincennes.
TJes taxis se trouveront a la Gare de JoinviUe-Ie-Pont.
AUTO ROUTES
1. Go east on Rue de Rivoli. Turn to right at
Place Bastille onto Rue de Lyon. At Gare de Lyon turn
to left on Boulevard Diderot. This boulevard becomes
the Cours de Vincennes and later Avenue de Paris. Then
on Ave. de la Tourelle, Ave. Esplanade and Rue Pyra-
mid? to south entrance.
2. Another and usually less congested route is east
along the Grands Boulevards (Bds. de la Madeleine, des
Capucines-des Italiens) through place de la Republique.
Turn to right on Boulevard du Temple to Place de la
Bastille through Rue de Lyon to Avenue Daumesnil to
Fort de Picpus la Demi-Lune — le Fort de Vincennes to
route de I'Obelisque. then on to South entrance to
Stadium.
EN AUTO
TrnTi"^'' r'^ ''^V *^^ P"'«' P" '^ R"e de Rivoli.
1 vnn A i^ r'°"^: P.'^*=^ *^^ '« ^««'''l« d«"s 'a Rue de
DiH«„, rf ^^ ^y**"' P^^^^re a gauche le Boulevard
uiaerot. Le boulevard devient Cours de Vincennes, puis
Avenue de Pans. Prendre ensuite I'Avenue de la Tourelle,
c.JaT f^ ' ^^P'^na'Je et la Rue des Pyramides qui
conduit a 1 entree sud du Stade.
intenSl"^ ^"'•''^ '"''"'^°" '^ ^^^"^ ^' generalement moins
Grand! n T^ J '^i^''^' ^° '^ *^'"8««"' ^«" ''Est, les
et H. I. r^^^'*^' (Bds. de la Madeleine, des Capucines
Drenli !"'-^ J"'*^"'^ '^ P''''^« ^^ '« Republique. La,
fa Pit ^ ?'u ^' ?,^' '^ Boulevard du Temple aller a
Danlr t'^ ^^'''"^' '"*^^« '« R"e de Lyon, I'Avenue
Fortf "v ^""^" ^" ^'''' ^« P''=P"«' a 'a Demi-Lune, au
conlf ^,T^"°«^; prendre la route de I'Obelisque" qui
conduit a I entree sud du Stade. "
PARKING SPACE
Machines will be parked in rear of the Tribune
'i Honneur and in space just southeast of Stadium.
ALicliines will be checked and placed under guard.
GARAGE
Les
voitures seront garees derriere la Tribune
GrardeTrVune'"' "" "^'"^ "'"'' ^" ^"' ^'' '' '^
!«., I;"^^ "machines seront gardees et des tickets delivres a
leur proprietaire.
INTER-ALLIED GAMES
PROGRAMME, FRIDAY, JULY 4, 1919
162-A Event — Concours
Time— Heure 10:00
PELOTA.
EXHIBITION BY BELGIAN TEAMS
163 Event— Concours Time— Heure 11:— 12:00
MASS GAMES— JEUX D'ENSEMBLE.
Exhibition o£ mass games as used for training in American Army, given by 2nd Battalion,
7th Engineers of the 5th Division, American Army of Occupation.
Demonstration des Jeux d'ensemble comme employee pour I'entrainement de 1 arm6e
Am^ricaine, donni5e par le 2me Bataillon, 7me Regiment de la 5me Division de I'arm^e d oc-
cupation Am^ricaine.
164 Event— Concours Time— Heure 9:, 14:, 17:30
SABERS, Team Competition — SABRE, Concours par ^quipes.
BELGIUM
ITALY . . . .
CZECHO -SLOVAKIA)
PRANCE
AMERICA .
GREECE ..
GREECE (12-19)
PORTUGAL .
1070
1092
1093
1084
1090
1094
1046
1048
1050
1044
1047
1051
BELGIUM
CaUe
Darien
De Strooper
Peyerick
Gillens
Tom
ITALY
Nadi, Nedo
Urbani
Cesarano
Nadi, Aide
Baldi, Baldo
Puliti
CZEOHO-SLOVAKIA
329 Javurek 2200
335 Svorelk 2176
328 Kroupa 2361
327 Klika 2362
336 Cipera 2204
333 PfeifEer 2205
PRANCE
542 Ancel 751
543 Collin 752
544 de St. Germain 753
545 Hubert 754
546 Mendielli 756
547 Percdom 758
GREECE
Botassi
Notari
Zarcadi
TriantafiUacos
Skotidas
Tsagaris
PORTUGAL
Recha
Sabbo
Dias
Oliviera
Motta
Perreira
165 Event — Concours "r*™^
800 M. RUN— (Finales)— 800 M. PLAT.
-Heure 14:30
Worlds Record— Record du Monde— J. E. Meridith, America, Im. 51.9s
Olympic Record— Record Olympique— J. E. Meridith, America, Im. 51.9s.
French Record — Record Prangais— Henri Arnaud, France, Im. 55.8s.
1st — lere
2nd - 2e
3rd - 3e
TIME — DUREE
648
1183
831
1184
1444
Mason, New Zealand
Bergmeier, Australia
Eby, America
Praser, Australia
Heilbuth, Prance
166 Event — Concours
iwnnTPTKn MARATHON-
830 Spink, America
838 Scudder, America
1185 Chalmers, Australia
1272 Delarge, Belgium
Time — Heure 14:45
-16.000m.— MARATHON MODIFIE.
169 Event — Concours
SHOT PUT— .(Fi
Time — Heure 14:45
— LANCEMENT DU POIDS.
™pfc&t:RTcn^^^ Monde-Rose, America, 15.544m.
912 Caughey, America
903 Liversedge, America
1st
2nd
3rd
No.
Dist.
915 Maxfield, America
1456 Paoli, Prance
170 Event — Concours
„„, „ Time — Heure 15:30
POLE VAULT-(Finales)-SAUT A LA PERCHE
ort:^^RX^d-i.rrii'^oC7^^^^^
French Record-Record Pra^a^-P. GoLT^°:^cett^il^'-''"'-
itol J^fancquemelle, France
i-ias Gajan, France
1412 Girard, Prance
No.
Ut
2nd
3rd
Dist.
898 Ervin, America
899 Floyd, America
902 Harwood, America
171 Event — Concours _.
_,,-_ Time — Heure 14*00
TUG-OF-WAR-(Demi-Finales)--LUTTE A LA CORDE.
FRANCE
AMERICA
AMERICA (2-0)
ITALY ,
CANADA ■■■{ITALY (2-1)
AUSTRALIA i
GREECE H^USTRALIA (2-0) . .
BELGIU.M.
172 Event — Concours
BASEBALL.
Time — Heure 15:00
I
2
3
4 5
6
7
8
9 10 11
r?
TOTAL
1""
RUN
HIT ERROR
— -
1 1
. J
BOXING— BOXE.
Weight— Poids
BANTAM— coos
1209 Evans, Australia VS. 969 Marrorati, Italy.
■^Ivent — Concours
174
Time — Heure 14:00
648 Mason, New Zealand
1183 Bergmeier, Australia
831 Eby, America
1184 Fraser, Australia
1444 Heilbuth, Prance
83SI Spink, Aiiwric a
838 Scudder, Am.MiiM
1185 Chalmers. Austiali.i
1272 lJ.-larK"\ Hrlv,num
166 Event — Concours Time — Heure 14:45
MODIFIED MARATHON— 16,000m.— MARATHON MODIFIE.
Ist — lere
2nd — 2e
3rd - 3e
TIME- DUREE
720
730
846
850
853
971
972
973
1103
1189
1190
1191
Keeper, Canada
Massey, Canada
Stout, America
Faller, America
Kennedy, America
Pagliani, Italy
Negri, Italy
Sperori, Italy
Broos, Belgium
Hewitt, Australia
Griffiths, Australia
Dolton, Australia
1274 Holsbei-ki-, Belgium
1280 Van Hoey, Belgium
1383 Vermeulen, France
1389 Heuet, France
2143 Djebellia, France
2185 Dima, Roumania
2192 Florea, Roumania
2195 Balan, Roumania
2257 Tsailas, Greece
2258 Kovlovberdas, Greece
23B3 Phillips, Canada
167 Event — Concours
Time — Heure 16:30
MEDLEY RELAY— RELAIS MIXTE.
hi — lere
2nd — 2e
3rd - 3e TIME — DUREE
First man runs 200 meters
Second man runs 400 meters
Third man runs 800 meters
Fourth man runs 1,600 meters
lore homine cuurt 200 ni.
2eme homine court 400 iii.
3eme homine court 800 ni.
4eme homine court 1,000 m.
BELGIUM
ROUMANIA
1258
Wouters
Substitutes
2158
Valianto
1268
Smet
1262
Boon
2178
Marniescu
1271
Van Dyck
1267
Laen
217(1
CriHtia
1272
Delarge
1276
Devaux
21115
Kne Radn
AUSTRALIA
ENGLAND
ITALY
1180
Hume
1223
Francombe
1(75
Croci
845
Johnson
1221
Tittle
980
Candelori
1183
Bergmeier
1226
Norlton
081
Sttlvi
1188
Manley
352
Atkin
082
Bonini
AMERICA
KUANCK
813
Haas
1398
Seurin
828
Campbell, T.
1401
Devaux
827
Campbell, F.
1407
Burtin
922
Shields
1406
Amaud
168 Event — Concours Time — Heure 14:45
RUNNING HIGH JUMP— (Finales)— S A UT EN HAUTEUR AVEC £LAN.
World's Record — Record du Monde — O. L. Horine, America, 2.000m.
Olympic Record— Record Olympique — A. W. Richards. America, l.li:)m.
French Record — Record Frantais Geo. Andr^, France, 1.886m.
Ist
2nd
3rd
No.
-
Di.t.
1432 Labat, France
1433 Lowden, Prance
1344 Mathey, Prance
2284 Ghiringhelli, Italy
870 Larscn, America
873 Rice, America
876 Templeton, America
Hvent — Concours
174
BOXING— BOXE.
Weight— Poids
175
176
177
178
179
1$0
181
188
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
BANTAM— COQS
l-(i!) Kv.-ms, Australia VS. <Hi!l .Marrorati. Italy.
>u- M , . HEAVY-LOURDS.
l.M/ Martin, Amon,.,. V.S. nyv Coghill. Australia.
,„,„ ^ ^ . FEATHER-PLUMES.
1342 Fundy, America V.S. .•i82 D.Punthieu, Franco.
i-^^a v^ * . '''^"'^ HEAVY-MI-LOURDS.
1348 Norton, America V.S. 1199 Pettibridge, Australia.
LIGHT— LEGERS
1350 .McNeill, America VS. 1204 \Vat«on, Australia.
,„„„ _ . . , MIDDLE— MOYENS.
1338 Eagan, America VS. 373 Thomas, France.
fl70 Af. .. ^ WELTER-MI-MOYENS.
679 Attwood, Canada VS. 374 Prunier, France.
WRESTLING-Catch-as-Catch-can-LUTTE.
,„., „ ,, . HEAVY-LOURDS.
13a7 Parcault, America VS. 402 Salvator, France.
,.,«, ,.,„., , FEATHER-PLUMES.
1361 Littlej,.hault. America VS. 1215 Taylor, Australia.
I-^IT V u . ^'*'"'^ HEAVY-Ml-LOURDS.
13o7 larcault, America VS. 1211 .Meeske, Australia.
i-^fln M. , LIGHT— LEGERS.
1360 Mitropohs, America X'S. 576 Mai^hall, New Poundland.
,..,„ „ , . MIDDLE— MOYENS.
lSo8 Irehm, America VS. 1213 Palmer, Australia.
,„.„ ^ , , WELTER— MI-MOYENS.
13o9 Farley. America VS. 1214 Bridges, Australia.
WRESTLING— Greoo-Romalne—LUTTE.
ooft, „, BANTAM— COQS.
-JB4 \A isenian, America VS. 2305 Belcome, France.
1>4« r 1 I. , HEAVY-LOURDS.
1-48 Coel.-s. Belgium VS. 400 Bechard, Prance.
,n-„ ,. , FEATHER— PLUMES.
XOdO \aglio, Italy VS. 1256 Dirik. Belgium.
30-. n . . ^ LIGHT HEAVY- MI-LOUHDS.
■iOo Dostal. Czecho-Slovakia VS. 306 Kopriva, Serbia.
,„r- « , LIGHT— LEGERS.
lOoo Parro, Italy VS. 301 Beranek, Czecho-Slovakia.
,,,.., _ , MIDDLE— MOYENS.
1053 Gargano. It.ily VS. 1251 Van Antwerpen, Belgium.
,.,.., „ WELTER— MI-MOYENS.
1-53 .Sauvonnet. Belgium VS. 303 Halick, Czecho-Slovakia.
Time — Heure 14:00
194 Event— Concours ».
Time— Heure 17:30
PARADE OF AMERICAN TROOPS.
Review of Composite. Regiment, American .4rmy of Occupation.
195 Event-Concours SOKOL. Tim,^H.ur. 19:00
GYMNASTIC EXHIBITION BY YOUGO-SLAV8
FIREWORKS IN EVENING— FEU D'ARTIFICE (SOIR)
Program June 22 July 6, 1919
IN STADIUM— DANS L,E 8TADB
OUTSIDE STADIUM — HORS DU STADE
Date.
22 June
22 Juin
23 June
23 Juin
24 June
24 Juin
Track.
Course.
100 m. dash (trials)
100 m. plat (eliminatoires)
1500 m. run (trials)
1500 m. course de fond
(eliminatoires)
100 m. dash (setni-dnals)
100 m. plat (ripmi-fln.Tles
Field.
Concours Athletiques.
25 June
25 Juin
27 June
27 Juin
110 m. hurdles (trials)
110 m. hales (elimina-
toires)
200 m, dash (trials)
.100 m. plat (elimina-
toires)
100 m. dash (dnals)
100 m. plat (finales)
28 June 200 m. dash (semi-Hnals)
28 Juin 200 m. plat (demi-dnales)
1500 m. run (flnals)
1500 m. course de fond
200 m. hurdles Urials)
200 m. baies (elimina-
toires)
200 m. da.sh (Hnals)
200 m. plat (nnalf>s)
Hand Grenade
Lancement de grenades
Javelin
Javelrit
Other Event.
Autres Concours.
Baseball
Boxing
Boxe
Soccer
Football-
Boxing
Boxe
Wrestliiif;
Lutte
Fencing
Escrimu
association
Fencing
Escrlmc
Discus (trials)
Disques feliminatoires)
Running Broad Jump (trials)
Saut en longueur avec elan
(eliminatoires)
29 June I
29 Juin
30 June
30 Juin
400 m. dash (trials)
400 m. plat (elimina-
toires)
110 m. hurdles (finals)
110 m. haics (finales)
800 m. relay (trials)
800 m. relais (eliminatoires)
Running Broad Jump (finals)
Saut en longueur avec elan
(finales)
400 m. dash (semi-finals)
400 m. plat (demi-llnales)
Cross-Country Run
Cross-Country (individuel)
800 m. relay (finals)
800 m. relais (finales)
1 July
1 Juillet
July
Juillet
3 July
3 Juillet
4 July
4 Juillet
5 July
5 Juillet
6 July
400 m. dash (finals)
400 m. plat (finales)
200 m. hurdles (finals)
200 m. haies (finales)
PENTATHLON
Standing Broad Jump(finals)
Saut en longueur sans tian
(finales)
Pole Vault (qualifying)
Saut a la perche (qualifi-
cation)
High Jump (qualifying)
Saut en hauteur avec 6lan
800 m. run (trials)
800 m. course de fond
(eliminatoire.s)
1600 m. relay (trials)
1600 m, relais (elimina-
toires)
Modified Marathon
Marathon modifiA, 16,000 m.
800 m. run (finals)
800 m. course (finales)
Medley relay
Relais mixte
800 m. relay (army of
occupation)
800 m. relais (armie d'oc
cupation)
Postponed Events
6 Juillet Epreuves remLses
Standing Broad Jump(trials)
Saut en longueur sans felan
Hammer Throw (Exhibition)
Lancement du marteau
Discus (finals)
Disques (finales)
Soccer
Football— association
Basket Ball
Boxing
Boxe
Wrestling
Lutte
Fencing
Kscrirne
Ba.seball
Fencing
F.scrimo
V Heure
Soccer
Football— association
Boxing
Boxe
Wrestling
Lutte
Basket nail
Fencing
Escrlnii-
Soccer (finals)
Football -association
Fencing
Escrime
Basket Ball
Special Events.
Divers.
Events
Epreuves
Place.
Lieu.
Dedication Ceremonies
Formal Opening
Parade of Athletes
Inauguration
Defile des athletes
Informal Opening
Rugby
Colombes
Exhibition Riding, Arabians
Fantasia Arabe
Time.
Heure.
5 P. M.
17 Heure
Rugby
Swimming — Natation
400 m. free style (trials)
400 m. style libre lelinii-
natoires)
100 111. back stroke (trials)
100 m. nagc sur le dos
900 m. free style (trials)
800 m. style (libre)
Water Polo
Columbes
Mare St. James
Bois de Boulogne
P. M. 17;
:30 P. M.
14:30
Swimming — Natation
100 m. free style (trials)
100 ni. style libre
200 m. breast stroke (trials)
200 m. brassc
1500 m. free style (trials
1500 m. style libre
Swimming — Natation
100 m. back stroke (finals)
100 m. nage sur le dos
(finales)
400 m. free style (finals)
400 m. style libre (finales)
100 m. free style (semi-
nnales)
100 m. style libre (dcmi
watfff PtJi'o
Mass Games
Jeux d'ensemble
Boxing
Boxe
Wrestling
Lutte
Fencing
Escrime
Mass Games
Jeux d'ensemble
Boxing
Boxe
Wrestling
Lutte
Fencing
Escrime
Tug-of-War (trials)
Lutte a la corde
(eliminatoires)
Shot-1'iit (trials)
Lancement du poids, elim-
inatoires)
High Jump (finals) Boxing
Saut en hauteur avec (Slan Boxe
Fencing — Escrime
(finales)
Pole Vault (finals)
Saut a la perche (finales)
Shot-Put (finals)
Lancement du poids
(finales)
Wrestling
Lutte
Baseball
Tug of War
(semi-finals)
Running Broad Jump jTug-of-War (finals)
(Army of Occupation) iLutte a la corde
Saut en longueur avec ftlan] (finales)
(armiie d'occupation) Fencing
Hop, Step and Jump JEscrime
Triple saut |
Mass Games
Jeux d'ensemble
Morse Competition
Prize Jumping, Military
Concours hippique militaire
Exhibition Riding, Arabians
Fanta.sia Arabe
Horse Competition
Prize Jumping in Pairs
Concours hippique (saut
par deux)
Exhibition Riding, Arabians
Fantasia Arabe
Parade of Picked Regiment
Revue (regiment d'infant-
erie Americaine)
Fireworks in evening
Feu d'artifice (soir)
(iymnastics by Yougo-Slav
Pelota, (exhibition by
Belgian teams)
Horse Competition
Prize Jumping (Individual)
Concours hippique
Exhibition Riding, Arabians
Fantasia Arabe
(;iosing Ceremonies
(Cloture
Award of Prizes
Remises de decorations
Football — Rugby
Man- St. James
Bois de Boulogne
2:30 P. M.
14:30
Mare St. James
Bois de Boulogne
2:30 P. M.
14:30
10 A. M.
16.15
Distance Ride, military
Concours Hippique (Raid)
Swimming — Natation
100 m. free style (finals)
100 m. style libre (finali-s)
1500 m. free style (finals)
1500 m. style libre (finales
200 m. breast stroke (final
200 m. brasse (finales)
Swimming — Natation
800 m. relay (4 men)
800 111. relais (4 hommes
800 m. free style (finals)
800 m. stvie libre (finales)
Water Polo
Maie St. James
Bois de Boulogne 14:30
.Mare St. Jami:s
Bois de Boulogne
Oidf
La Boiil
Golf
14:30
La Bniil
Riflo and IMfltoI Competition — ho Marm, .Tune 2.3.
FuBil et Pistolet — Le Mans, Juin le 23.
Tennii? — Completed .Tunc 9.
Tennis — Complete Juin li; 0.
Rowing — After July 6.
Aviron — Aprfe le JuilUt.
Oolf — To continue after July 6.
Goll — A continue!' aprds le Juillet.
ll^I
i.'^V? ^ ^ ^
^'V\ i-^-i
n:
V
3^- / 1/ j
Top -AmcricaQ basketball toam. Center /./(-French basketball teani. CV'n««- riry/ji-Budiger
of America throwing basket in game with French. Bo«oJH-Italian bask,>tball team.
(Sampleof pamphlet in English and French, showing location ot Pershing
Stadium and giving full directions for reaching it).
INTER. ALLIED
GAMES
Pershing Stadium
Joinville-le-Pont
JUNE 22 PARIS JULY 6
1919
Conducted jointly by the
AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES and the
Y. M. C. A.
rMi^iiii^o jiAJuiuiff
Is Located 2 K.
Near J
To Reach the Stadium
METRO AND CONNECTIONS
Take line No. 1 in direction Porte Vincennes. From
Porte Vincennes tramway runs every five minutes direct
to stadium. Take tramcars marked "Champigny" or "La
Varenne."
Taxi-cabs also meet Metro at this point.
STEAM RAILROAD
Chemin de Per de Vincennes leaves Place Bastille
every twenty minutes for Joinville-le-Pont.
Take Metro line No. 1 direction Port Vincennes to
Gare de Vincennes at Place de la Bastille to board trains.
Taxi-cabs meet trains at Joinville-le-Pont.
AUTO ROUTES
1. Go east on Rue de Rivoli. Turn to right at
Place Bastille onto Rue de Lyon. At Gare de Lyon turn
to left on Boulevard Diderot. This boulevard becomes
the Cours de Vincennes and later Avenue de Paris. Then
on Ave. de la Tourelle, Ave. Esplanade and Rue Pyra-
mids to south entrance.
2. Another and usually less congested route is east
along the Grands Boulevards (Bds. de la Madeleine, des
Capucines-des Italiens) through place de la Republique.
Turn to right on Boulevard du Temple to Place de la
Bastille through Rue de Lyon to Avenue Daunaesnil to
Fort de Picpus la Demi-Lune — le Fort de Vincennes to
route de I'Obelisque, then- on to South entrance to
Stadium.
PARKING SPACE
Machines will be parked in rear of the Tribune
<i Honneur and in space just southeast of Stadium.
Machines will be checked and placed under guard.
Pour Alter aii Stade
METRO ET CORRESPONDANCES
Prendre la ligne no. 1, direction Porte de Vincennes.
De la Porte de Vincennes des tramways partem toutes les
cinq minutes dans la direction du Stade. Prendre les tram-
ways "Champigny"*ou "la Varenne."
Des taxis se trouveront aussi a la sortie du Metro.
TRAINS
Le Chemin de Per de Vincennes part de la Place de
la Bastille toutes les vingt minutes. Prendre metro ligne
no. 1, direction Porte de Vincennes. Descendre a la
Bastille pour prendre le train a la Gare de Vincennes.
"" Des taxis se trouveront a la Gare de Joinville-le-Pont.
EN AUTO
Aller, vers I'Est de Paris, par la Rue de Rivoli.
Tourner a droite, place de la Bastille dans la Rue de
Lyon. A la Gare de Lyon, prendre a gauche le Boulevard
Diderot. Ce boulevard devient Cours de Vincennes, puis
Avenue de Paris. Prendre ensuite 1' A venue de la Tourelle,
I'Avenue de I'Esplanade et la Rue des Pyramides qui
conduit a I'entree sud du Stade.
Une autre route ou le trafic est generalement moins
intense consiste a suivre, en se dirigeant vers I'Est, les
Grands Boulevards (Bds. de la Madeleine, des Capucines
et des Italiens) jusqu'a la Place de la Republique. La,
prendre a droite et par le Boulevard du Temple aller a
la Place de la Bastille, suivre la Rue de Lyon, I'Avenue
Daumesnil jusqu'au Fort de Picpus, a la Demi-Lune, au
Fort de Vincennes; prendre la route de I'Obelisque qui
conduit a I'entree sud du Stade.
GARAGE
Les voitures seront garees derriere la Tribune
d'Honneur et dans un enclos situe au Sud Est de la
Grande Tribune.
Les machines seront gardees et des tickets delivres a
leur proprietaire.
The U. S. Army and Y. M. C. A. are joint hosts to
the following allied nations taking part in the Inter-
Allied games: England, France, Italy, Belgium, Portu-
gal, Greece, China, Brazil, Serbia, Roumania, Czecho-Slo-
vakia, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Guatemala, Po-
land, Kingdom of Hedjaz.
The French Authorities gave the land for Pershing
Stadium, the Y. M. C. A. financed the project, and Ameri-
can Army Engineers constructed it in four months.
The seating capacity, including the Tribune d'Hon-
neur, is 20,000. The Tribune d'Honneur is reserved for
rulers of the nations and other guests of honor. Civilians
will secure tickets free of charge from information
booths; none are required for men in uniform.
L'Armee Americaine et I'Y. M. C. A. reunis sont les
liotes des nations suivantes qui prennent part aux Jeux
Interallies: Angleterre, France, Italic, Belgique, Portu-
gal, Grece, Serbie, Roumanie, Tcheco-Slovaquie, Aus-
tralie, Canada, Nouvelle Zelande, Guatemala, Hedjaz,
Chine, Bresil, Pologne.
Les Autorites francaises ont donne- le terrain du
Stade Pershing, le Y. M. C. A. a donne les fonds neces-
saires et le Genie de TArmee Americaine a construit le
Stade en quatre mois. Le Stade pent contenir 20,000
spectateurs assis, en comprenant la Tribune d'Honneur.
Cette Tribune est reservee aux representants des Nations
engagees et aux autres holes de marque. Les personnes
civiles pourront obtenir des billets gratuits aux Bureaux
d'lnformation. L'acces du Stade est gratuit pour les
militaires.
PRINTED BY MOBILE PRINTING UNIT, 29tH ENGINEERS
(Sample of Daily Program slightly reduced in size.)
ITCiMlIBGAy
PEiSiING STAil^y
JOifVlILE=LE"PONT
fO)Aro
YESTERDAY'S RESULTS
Ist-AMEEICA-CCampbeU, T.; C^^P^'^ll' ^^ ^- Ser)' ^^"^^^
139 Evenl^SHOT PUT (Trials)-LANCEMENT DU POIDS (Ehmmatoues)
Worlds Kecord— Record du Monde— 15.544m.
1st— CATJGHBY, America, 13.357m.
2nd— LIVERSBDGB, America, 13.33m.
3rd— MAXFIELD, America, 12.806m.
4th— PAOLI, France, 12.314m.
140 Event— HORSE RIDING— CONCOURS HIPPIQUE.
140 Event- ^^nu^^ ^^ pairs-epreuve de sauts couples.
(Rider's Name) (Country) ^, (Horse) (Pomts)
Ist-MajorANTONEIXI Italy Otello 236
Captain ALVISI Italy Z ■
2nd-SxJBERTALLI Italy ST"'.^ 234
Ma or CAEFARATTI Italy Nabucco
3rd-Captain COSTA Prance Gazeuse 231
Lieutenant LARREGAIN France Tapageur
4th— Colonel MERCHANT America Sandy 226
Colonel WEST America Frmce I
BOXING— BOXE.
Event — Concours Weight — Poids.
LIGHT— LEGERS.
142 WATSON, Australia, defeated Zoonens, Belgium, by decision at end of 10 rounds.
143 McNEIL, America, defeated Alberindo, Italy, knockout in second round.
WELTER— MI-MOYENS.
144 ATTWOOD, Canada, defeated Salvu, Roumania, who gave up bout in second round.
145 PRUNIER, Prance, won from Dusausoit, Belgium, by default.
MIDDLE — MOYENS.
146 BAGEN, America, won from Suain, Belgium, by default.
147 THOMAS, Prance, defeated Harris, Canada, by decision at end of 10th round.
LIGHT HEAVY— MI-LOURDS.
1 48 Pettibridge, Australia VS Norton, America, POSTPONED, on account of ram.
FENCING— ESCRIME.
EPEE, Individual (Finales)- — Epee, Individuel.
1st— LAURENT, Prance.
2nd— PIAVA, Portugal.
3rd— PEYERICK, Belgium.
SABER, Team Competition — 1st Round — SABRE, Concours par iquipes.
GREECE, won from America, 12-19.
GOLF.
FOUR BALL FOURSOME (18 holes)— FOURSOMMES A QUATRE BALLES (18 trous).
Event 151^<}0LIAS and CAVALLO, Prance, won from Bartlet and Morse, America.
Event 152 — GOMMIER and BOMBOUDIAC, France, won from Part and Pierson, America.
Event 153 — LAPITTB and DAUGE, Prance, won from Walton and Hurley, America.
Event 154--DAVIS and RAUTENBUSH, America, won from Massy and Gossiat, Prance.
SINGLES (18 holes).
Event 155 — GOLIAS, Prance won from Bartlett, America, 6-4.
Event 156 — PIERSON, America, won from Cavallo, France, 2-1.
Event 157 — HART, America, won from Gommier, Prance, 5-4.
Event 158 — ^BOMBOUDIAC, Prance, won from Morse, America, 6-5.
Event 159 — WALTON, America, won from Lafltte, France, 1 up 20 holes.
Event 160 — DAUGE, Prance, won from Hurley, America, 1 up, 1 9 holes.
Event 161 — GOSSIAT, Prance, won from Davis, America, 5-3.
Event 162 — MASSEY, France, won from Rautenbush, America, 4-3.
SCORE— Prance 8; America 4.
PINAL RESULT TEAM MATCH:— 1 st— France: 2nd America.
The next Golf event wiU take place at LaBoulie, on Monday July 7th.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 161
Gare St. Lazare, Gare Montparnasse, Gare d'Orleans, Hotels Conti-
nental, Ritz, Gastiglione, Chatham, Crillon, Louvre, Maurice, Palais
d'Orsay, Scribe, St. James et d'Albany, Wagram, Montana, Plaza,
Terminus et Gare St. Lazare, Lutetia and Grand; Poccardi Cafe,
Officers Leave Bureau, Red Cross Headquarters at Hotel Regina,
American University Union, five Y.M.C.A. hotels and meeting places,
two booths in Place de la Concorde and four booths at Pershing Stad-
ium and the camp of the athletes. A booth in the pavilion on which
stands the fine statue representing Strassbourg, gaily bedecked in honor
of her return to France, attracted wide interest. Posters, pamphliets,
information data, and tickets were placed in all the leading clubs in
the city and at all hotels whose size would not warrant an information
booth.
The information booths were opened a few days before the Games
and were served by the noncommissioned officers from the French
and American Armies, All booths were equipped with sketches
showing seating arrangements at Pershing Stadium, maps of Paris,
copies of the information folder, post cards, copies of the Daily
Program, tickets to the Tribune d'Honneur and the Stadium proper,
mimeographed slips showing Metro and automobile routes from booths
to the Stadium, and daily newspapers carrying accounts of the Games.
In this manner the Information Service was prepared to answer
all questions as to best routes to the Stadium, including Metro, train,
tramway, automobile and omnibus services, results of the day before,
the day's program, the standing of each nation in the various sports,
prominent people expected to attend the Games, and special events
taking place.
The information booths were open from 9 o'clock in the morning
to 9 o'clock in the evening. Booths in groups of about ten each were
supervised and frequently inspected by officers, one of whom was
placed in charge of each group, A message center was organized at
11 Avenue Montaigne where one man from each booth reported each
morning for tickets and instructions.
The Y.M.C.A. operated five booths with their own personnel. Fur-
thermore, information concerning the Games was placed in the hands
of sixty Y.M.C.A. secretaries of the information service, who were
easily distinguished by blue brassards on which "Information" was
printed. In this manner a large number of enlisted men of the Ameri-
can Army on leave in Paris received information of the Games, while
the equal mixture of khaki and French horizon blue testified, with
11
162 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
thousands of civilians in the crowded stands of the Stadium, to the
widespread service of the Information Section of the Publicity Depart-
ment.
PROGRAMS AND STATISTICS
The Committee on Programs and Statistics operated separately
from the Pubhcity Department, being organized as part of the Com-
petitions Division. This Committee was assigned very definite duties
which fell under three heads : Programs, Statistics, and Field Message
Center. The first general program, covering the whole meet, was
prepared and submitted to the Officer in Charge of Competitions
Division, 10 June. This program underwent several revisions, but
16 June it assumed a form which, except for a very few minor changes,
was adhered to throughout the meet. In arranging this program
effort was made to give the spectators an interesting and varied series
of events each day and so to distribute them that athletes competing
in closely allied events should find them in logical sequence and have
adequate rest between their performances. It was also arranged that
on those days when horse-riding competition was in progress it should
be given as clear a field as possible so that no swift motions, such as
might be found in certain field events like pole vaulting, might distract
the horses and put riders in hazard, and to minimize as far as possible
the labor involved in preparing the field for different types of sport.
The general series of events was printed each day in the daily pro-
gram and was kept revised up to date. This program not only gave
in detail the events for the day with the exact time of starting, but
listed in addition all competitors with their nationality and competi-
tion number and gave, when available, the world's records, the Olympic
records and the French records, these being embodied as information
for the spectators and a goal for the competitors. Forms were also
included for scoring the respective events.
In preparing the daily program it was necessary to assemble the
representatives of the various nations to make drawings in all heats
in races, the pools in fencing and the brackets for team competitions.
In making these drawings the number of competitors was ascertained
from the entries, the number of heats and pools determined, whether
or not semifinals were necessary was stated and the number of men to
quahfy in various heats was specified. The drawings were made by
lot in the presence of the representatives. Some readjustment was
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 163
necessary to minimize the number of contestants of any nation in a
given heat. These alterations were made in every case in the presence
of the representatives.
When these drawings were made the nations were called upon
to specify which of their entrants should participate in a given heat
or pool. These choices were submitted and entered on the program
without knowledge of the distribution of the competitors of any other
nation.
The daily program thus contained all information necessary for
following the day's events in close detail. Each competitor could
be recognized by his number. Moreover it contained the results of
the preceding day's sports, showing the event, the winners and nation.
It also contained, as noted above, the general program so that spec-
tators present on any day could readily familiarize themselves with
the program of the games as a whole, seeing at a glance what had
already taken place and what events were to take place on following
days. The speed with which the daily program had to be prepared
each night has already been indicated.
The statistical subcommittee was charged with the receipt and
filing of entries, the custody of all records of the results of events, and
the preparation of scorecards for the judges. Each competitor, as
his entry was received, was assigned a number which followed him
throughout his entire participation. The horses entered in the horse
competition were assigned letters.
An elaborate system of card files was prepared for this work. They
were in the following forms :
1. By events with participants grouped according to nations
alphabetically.
2. By competition numbers.
3. Alphabetically by name irrespective of nation or event.
4. Similar to the first set except that it was a transitional file
and from it were taken out daily those contestantswho were from time to
time eliminated. This file kept abreast of the actual progress of events
and by reference to it one could determine the contestants who were
still in. It facilitated the preparation of the daily program so far as
the semifinals and finals of the various events were concerned.
The official entry slips, as they were received, were necessarily sub-
ject to close checking. In many cases they were filled in script and
were difficult to decipher. On 20 June a hst of entries up to date was
164 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
submitted to the Liaison Section for revision, with a request that the
full names and the military rank of contestants be ascertained.
In some cases nations had entered competitors in excess of the
number allowed under regulations. It was necessary to interview
a representative of the nation concerned and have him designate the
actual competitors. On each day, however, lists of all entries for the
events of the day were prepared and given to the Clerk of the Course
with instructions that no substitutions could be allowed except from
the men named in the list.
Scorecards were also prepared by this committee. These were
for the use of the judges in the various events. For track and field
they were four in number — for horse riding, two, for fencing, two,
and for boxing and wresthng, one. The form for track and field events
was also available and suitable for the swimming events. The names
of the contestants or teams were entered and the records of their per-
formances. These cards contained in all events space for the signature
of the officials judging the events, and upon completion of the per-
formance these were properly signed and turned over to the statisti-
cal officer. They then became a part of the official record of the meet
and any statement as to performances in any event was taken from
them. These official scorecards came to the statistical officer through
the branch statistical office established at the Stadium. For results
of events such as swimming and Rugby, which took place outside of
the Stadium, the scorecards came directly to the statistical office.
At the branch statistical office at the Stadium, which was really
a message center, there were typewriters and an office personnel of
sufficient size to copy rapidly the records from the score cards, as well
as a group of runners to take the information to the announcers, to
the scoreboard, to the statistical office and to the box of the ranking
officer present at the Stadium. In general the pubUcation by the
announcers followed the completion of the event within two minutes
and in some cases within one minute. On 4 July, fifty bulletins
were actually pubHshed for the information of the spectators.
Basketball. Top left and right— ItaXj iVersus America. Center— America versus France ;
soccer game in background. Bottom left— France versus Italy. Bottom right— Amenca.
versus France.
CHAPTER XII
TICKET DISTRIBUTION
HO were to see the Games? How were they to get out to the
Stadium? How were they to be handled without confusion
after they had arrived there? These problems were turned
over to the Ticket Distribution Committee to solve.
Of course the matter of invitations was largely handled by experts
familiar with diplomatic courtesy for this was an international affair.
Mr. William Martin, Chef de Protocol of the American Embassy, and
also Major Henry Whitehouse, aided greatly in making up the list of
persons to be invited. Major Whitehouse had handled such matters
for the American Peace Delegation. General Pershing also had cer-
tain names he wished included which were not on the other lists. The
list of box assignments was handled by the Advisory Committee and
all were finally passed on again by General Pershing.
Two kinds of personal invitations were sent out — one from the
Commander in Chief himself which read :
The Commander in Chief
of the
American Expeditionary Forces
requests the honor of the presence of
at the opening of
The Inter- Allied Games
Pershing Stadium
Paris
22nd June, 1919.
168 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
and another which was issued by officials and members of the Advisory
Committee, with personal cards inclosed. It read :
The Commander in Chief
of the
American Expeditionary Forces
requests the honor of your presence
at the opening of
The Inter-Allied Games
Pershing Stadium, Paris
22nd June 1919.
Inclosed with these invitations were tickets, some for boxes,
others for seats good only for a single day, others permanent passes
to the Tribune d'Honneur.
Aside from these special invitations and assigned seats and boxes,
tickets to the Tribune d'Honneur and to the Tribunes Populaires were
distributed at booths located at the different hotels, Y.M.C.A.'s and
other well known places in Paris. Every effort was made by those
in charge of these booths to see that a fair distribution of the tickets
was made.
Various clubs, athletic organizations and departments of the Armies
and high officials were allotted daily a certain number of tickets for
distribution.
The Tribune d'Honneur was divided into four sections, from right
to left — A, B, C and D. The tickets to these sections were of differ-
ent colors — A red, B blue, G green, D white. All boxes were num-
bered.
The Military Police on duty at the entrance could note the color
of the card in the hands of the guest well before the holder had arrived
at the gate and could indicate which entrance was to be used. This
helped to avoid crowding at the entrances. All the cards to the Tri-
bunes Populaires were white, but the sections were numbered and
each card bore a number. Military Pohce again helped to avoid con-
fusion by directing the ticket holders to their sections. Permanent
cards bore a colored stripe running diagonally from corner to corner.
In the Tribune d'Honneur a choice section was reserved for mem-
bers of the French Senate and Chamber of Deputies. No tickets
were issued to this section, the members being admitted by their offi-
cial cards. Members of the press had a special section and were
admitted by badges and by special cards. The French and American
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 169
Army Engineers, who took over the erection of the stadium after the
May Day labor disturbances, had an entire section in the Tribunes
Populaires assigned to them ; the competitors had a section reserved
in the Tribunes Populaires also. One section of the Populaires was
reserved for soldiers only and, being directly behind home plate, was
usually occupied by American and Allied soldiers who were following
the baseball games. Men in the uniform of the Allied Armies, however,
were admitted to any part of the Tribunes Populaires without ticket.
Another section of the Populaires was reserved for the bands.
On the opening day more tickets were issued than there were seats.
This was done in accordance with Continental custom in connection
with sporting events. There was no definite information as to how the
Games would be taken by the French civilians, it was not beheved
that every person who received a ticket would attend, and there
was no way of determining in advance how many soldiers would
claim places. The popularity of the Games was beyond any early
estimate. On the first Sunday the crowd could not be accommo-
dated. Better estimates were made, however, after this first experi-
ence and comparatively few ticketholders were turned away again,
except on 4 July, when the military attendance was again very large.
Not so many civilians were turned away, however, as on the first
occasion.
The Ticket Distribution Committee received hearty cooperation
from the tramway, omnibus and railway companies. Special sche-
dules were put into effect and except for the night of 4 July the big
crowds were transported without inconvenience. On that night,
the occasion of the fireworks display, a number of people were unable
to obtain transportation back to Vincennes and Paris.
The Military Police worked in conjunction with the Ticket Distri-
bution Committee. Besides the men stationed along the roads from
Vincennes to handle traffic, an elaborate scheme for handling the park-
ing of cars and traffic in the vicinity of the Stadium was worked out.
All cars were directed into a one-way road at a point southeast of
the Stadium and driven up to the main entrance at the Tribune d'Hon-
neur. Here Military Police handed to the driver a check to correspond
to the number of the section in which the ticketholder was to sit. A
corresponding ticket was also handed to the occupant of the car.
This ticket indicated in what section of the two parking areas the car
was to be parked. The chauffeur then drove quickly away, displaying
his ticket conspicuously. Military Police stationed along the short
170 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
road running in front of the Stadium could tell by the color of the card
the section in which the car was to be parked.
When the car was wanted, a man with a megaphone called out the
number. This was relayed by other men with megaphones, and the
cars left their parking spaces and drove around the area, approaching
the Stadium by way of the one-way road again, loading and leaving
in the same direction. In this way there was no turning of cars near
the Stadium and a constant stream of automobiles passed rapidly,
loading and unloading without confusion.
On the afternoon of 4 July, 600 cars took their passengers at the
gate and departed in fifteen minutes. French Gendarmes assisted the
American Military Police. Taxi drivers at first had a tendency to try
to turn around on the one-way road, but the regulations were strictly
enforced by both bodies of pohce and no difficulty was encountered.
Carefully compiled daily reports by the Transportation section of
the Ticket Distribution Committee show that a remarkable record
was made in handling the big crowds. On Sunday, 22 June, Opening
Day, the steam railroads moved 21,600 people from Gare de Vincennes
to Joinville-le-Pont between 1:00 p. m. and 3:30 p. m.; the Metro-
politan subway moved toward Vincennes between 1:00 p. m. and
3:00 p. m. the same day, 44,400 people; the trolley car systems moved
from points in Paris to the ground near the Stadium, between 12:45 and
3:30 p. m., 24,900 people; twenty omnibuses moved from Porte de
Vincennes to the Stadium, between 1:00 p. m. and 3:00 p. m., 6,400 peo-
ple. Taxicabs to the number of 288 moved from all points in Paris
and Porte de Vincennes to the Stadium, between 1:00 p.m. and 3:00
p. m., 5,700 people; and private cars took out 7,700.
Figures also show that the total number of passengers moved
from Paris toward Joinville between the hours of 1 p.m. and 3 p.m.
during the Games— 22 June to 6 July— was 867,750.
While all passengers were not for the Stadium, the amount of normal
traffic from Paris at these hours is small. It can be well considered
that by far the greater part of this traffic was the result of the Games.
These passengers were distributed among the different systems as
follows :
TOTALS
Metropolitan subway system 355 000
Trolley car systems 213350
Steam railway systems 153 300
Omnibuses, taxicabs and private cars 146,100
Grand total 867,750
CHAPTER XIII
THE LIAISON SECTION
N his letter of invitation to the officers and men of the
various AHied Armies to participate in the Inter-AUied
Games, General Pershing expressed the hope that "... the
ties of the much cherished spirit of comradeship, which
have sprung from the gallant joint efforts of our forces on the battle-
field, may thus be more closely cemented,"
It is obvious from this that the Commander-in-Chief had in mind,
as the principal aim of these Games, the bringing together on the
friendly field of sport of representatives of the various AHied Armies,
with the object of giving them an opportunity to learn to know and
understand each other, and to form friendships from such an under-
standing rather than merely to produce the highest possible excellence
in athletic performance.
With this in mind it was clear that in forming the organization to
conduct the Games there must be a section for the purpose of
gathering information regarding the wishes and needs of the various
competitors and to bring them to the attention of those whose duty
it would be to see that they were promptly provided for. It was
essential that information regarding provisions which had been made
for the various teams, rules for the conduct of the competitions them-
selves, and all other information necessary for the proper handling by
their chiefs of the individual teams, should be carefully brought to
the attention of these chiefs and thoroughly explained to them.
To accomplish this delicate and difficult task the Liaison Section
was organized. The harmonious conduct of an enterprise so complex
in nationalities as the Inter-Allied Games required that this organiza-
tion be invested with a peculiar authority. It had to be elastic, inclu-
sive and the more nonapparent and undefined the better ; an authority,
however, none the less actual and firm, but which directed and con-
trolled without seeming to do so, achieving its ends through skill of
individual address rather than rehance on the power of clearly consti-
tuted regulations.
174 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
A multitude of prickly little problems presented themselves con-
stantly from American as well as from foreign sources. Largely these
fell into two categories : (1) International misunderstandings, usually
small enough in their inception, but, if neglected, capable of visiting
widespread devastation upon the spirit of fellowship these Games were
designed to promote. Such instances generally sprang from the
different national and racial conceptions of the same situation, and, no
two of them being exactly alike, they could not be handled in the same
manner; (2) Points of information and service which were of endless
variety and ranged from requests for the proper form in which to
notify a monarch of the existence of the Games to such matters as
supplying a manicurist for a lady of the entourage of a visiting general.
All of these matters required immediate adjustment and that
adjustment had to be accomplished so deftly that it would appear
that no adjustment had taken place. It was the elimination of these
little frictions, the forestalling of larger disagreements, and the sup-
plying of every possible want that any of the foreign visitors might
experience, which contributed largely to the general satisfaction of
the visitors to the Games.
An executive stafY of the section was formed and charged with the
conduct of the organization itself. This staff had in charge all matters
relating to official correspondence, transportation, supplies, and imme-
diate contact with all outside sources of information, as well as the
prompt execution of all business transmitted to it by other elements
of the greater organization. .
The second function of the section was to deal with the represen-
tatives of the Allied Nations and this work was conducted by the
group of diplomatic junior officers comprising the balance of the per-
sonnel. All of these officers spoke at least one language other than
English. They were assigned to permanent duty with the various
national delegations and to other special duties.
An assembly was instituted each morning at which all matters
connected with the Section were discussed in open meeting. Matters
of interest to visiting foreigners were brought to the attention of the
proper officers and reports were made upon all matters relating to the
successful conduct of the Games themselves, or to the proper housing,
recreation and comfort of our visitors. In this way Liaison officers
were kept constantly posted regarding one another's activities. Dupli-
cation of effort was reduced to a minimum and many valuable sugges-
tions were received from the experiences of others. Throughout the
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 175
course of the Games the Liaison officers made it their business to inform
the visiting teams to which they were assigned of the conditions gover-
ning each event just before it took place and of the reasons for deci-
sions or for changes or postponements ; they answered numberless
questions and made plain the many happenings which to a stranger
might have been baffling without such ready assistance ; in a word,
the Liaison officers undertook to place at the service of every visiting
team all the information and all the facihties which had been brought
together for the A.E.F. competitors.
The initial problem of the Section concerned the issuing of invita-
tions to various countries in the hope that they would send represen-
tative teams or individuals to contest in the Games. The accuracy
of the text of these invitations was no small problem. Great delicacy
was exercised in this matter and the result is shown by the fact that
eighteen countries were represented. While it is to be regretted that
Great Britain did not find it possible to send a list of general entries,
it must be noted that the British Dominions were excellently repre-
sented in the Games, considering the state of demobilization of their
forces. The entire question of British participation was not the least
perplexing of the problems which the Section was called upon to
handle. All preparations for the reception of visiting delegates and
of the athletes themselves were initiated through the medium of the
Liaison Section. As each team arrived it was met by a Liaison repre-
sentative speaking the language of the visitors. This officer was
definitely detailed to this team and was instructed to grant every
request, regardless of its character, or, if this was not possible, to
afford immediate opportunity for so doing. Automobiles were kept
constantly at hand for the transporting of visitors. Plans for amuse-
ment were suggested, and, in connection with the Reception and
Entertainment Section, trips of interest were arranged by the same
officer. Facilities offered by the Quartermaster Department were
made available to all the countries and it became the duty of the
Liaison officer to assist in the purchase of needed supphes.
After the actual start of the Games the duties of the Liaison Sec-
tion became more complex. The distribution of tickets alone was
a matter requiring much attention and tact. The resources of the
organization were stretched in keeping the various teams informed
of the events, in supplying them with the materials necessary for their
own participation, and in looking after the endless details involved
in constant service. During the period of the actual conduct of the
176 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Games, Liaison officers were on duty practically eighteen hours out of
every twenty-four.
Social activities soon began to assume an important place in the
daily work of the organization. Liaison officers were frequently called
upon to act as interpreters and to facilitate social contact between the
various nations meeting at these functions.
As practically all correspondence was conducted in French the
necessity for immediate and accurate translation of every imaginable
type of document was apparent. These translations, both from
English to French and from French to English, were made by Liaison
officers without delay.
All historical and other data concerning the athletes of the Allied
Armies in their connection with the Games was gathered by the Liaison
Section. It collected the special prizes offered by the various nation?
and handed them to the Prize Committee for distribution. It prepared
lists of officers meriting decorations.
One of the lasting benefits of the Inter-Allied Games promises to
be a recrudescence of sport in lands which have been for five years
devastated by war. Baseball has made a particularly favorable
impression on some of the foreign representatives who have conceived
the idea of introducing it in their countries. The Liaison Section has,
to this end, put representatives of the various foreign teams in touch
with the athletic departments of American colleges where they may
obtain the best information as to how to popularize the game. It also
suggested that the matter of detailing American officers to various
nations to act as instructors be considered by the War Department,
CHAPTER XIV
SUMMARY OF THE GAMES
LTHOUGH the conclusion of the competitions at Pershing
Stadium, Joinville-le-Pont, on the afternoon of 6 July, did
not bring to an end the complete official program of the
Inter-Allied Games, the date marked the summary of two
jrilliant weeks in which sport history was made. There remained
only the golf and rowing events to be carried through to a cham-
pionship conclusion of which rowing was still to be contested
in its entirety. But for the mass of the entrants themselves and for
the athletic-loving public that followed with intense interest the com-
petitions at the Stadium, the two weeks of track and field events, of
boxing, soccer, and the dozen other sports which centered there, more
or less fully made up the Games. When General Pershing awarded
the medals to the various winners of events, amid the applauding of
the crowds he put the seal of official approval on a sport gathering
unique in the history of athletics.
The spirit in which the Inter- Allied Games were carried out reflected
credit upon the sportsmanship of the nations involved. Not only
did it demonstrate how wholeheartedly the nations that had striven
shoulder to shoulder on the battlefield could turn to friendly rivalry
in the stadium, but it showed the indomitable spirit surviving more
than four years of war which had drained the very lifeblood of almost
every nation involved. Men who saw as through a glass darkly in
1916 and 1917 whispered that it would be years before a pitifully
broken world could create again such heroic epics of athletics as the
Olympiads of London and Stockholm. But it was the good fortune
of the Intef-Allied Games to give a rosier hue to that pessimistic
forecast and to prophecy for the next Olympic competition even
greater success than has attented the games of the past. The Games
would have been notable for that one achievement even had the
11 bis.
176b THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
events of 22 June-6 July at Pershing Stadium failed to produce as
brilliant competition as they did. They showed that if old stars of
track and field, links, court, mat and ring had faded in the red glare of
war or been rendered incapable of participation, new ones could
be developed under conditions of active service to take their places.
Further, the Games served to stimulate interest in sport in coun-
tries that have come into being in the travail of world war and
which in the future will take their part in the improvement of
athletics.
The Inter-Allied Games were unique, for it is hardly conceivable
that ever again can there be held a sport contest with the identical
eligibility requisite that every man competing should have earned
the right to wear his country's colors in the stadium by having first
borne them in her service as a soldier. There was no talk of amateurs
or professionals; no haggling over the status of the competitors. In
the eyes of the quahfication committee, every entrant had to show
that he was quahfied in one of the oldest and most honored of all
professions — that of arms. The records made on the fields of Inter-
Allied competition stand as Inter-Allied Records. Probably they
will never be contested and will stand by themselves for all time.
Nearly 1500 athletes, representing eighteen nations or dominions,
participated. The list of entrant countries differed of course materi-
ally from that of any Olympiad as only those nations linked together
in the commom cause of justice in the war were eligible to compete.
It was universally regretted that Great Britain decided to send only
rowing crews and a golf team as, wherever the sport world foregathers,
the Englishman is a welcome competitor and one whose chances of
winning must be minutely calculated by his adversaries. Old England,
however, if absent in the flesh, was present in the spirit, and indeed
in the blood, for Australia, Canada and New Zealand played an impor-
tant part in the competitions. The Dominions gave a good account
of themselves, too.
The simple plan developed by which a sport might become a point-
scoring event on the program guaranteed a varied and intensely
interesting series of competitions. Of the twenty-six forms of sport
originally designed to fill the major portion of the program, it was
necessary to abandon but two. Cricket, included as a courtesy to
expected EngHsh entries, was given up when the three Dominions
decided not to enter teams against each other; and for a similar reason
American intercollegiate football failed to take its place with soccer
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 176c
and Rugby. Nor were exhibitions of these sports held. The Domin-
ions concentrated their attention on the many events in which they
were entered, while the warm weather made it undesirable to employ
the equipment and to undergo the training and practice necessary to
bring American intercollegiate football up to its standard of presentation.
In the Games themselves the athletes of the American Expedi-
tionary Forces made a handsome showing, not only in their chosen
branch of track and field, a phase of sport in which Americans have
been particularly successful ever since they have been participants
in international meets, but often they displayed like ability in other
major divisions of the program.
Of the twenty-four separate events listed in the program the
United States militarized athletes won first place for their country
in twelve and second in seven more, A.E.F. entrants making clean
sweeps of all three places in five events and in a sixth having three
of four men who succeeded in placing. Again in the service shooting
events the A.E.F. was successful with both rifle and pistol, taking
four first places. Other first places were gained by the United States
in baseball, basketball, boxing, prize jumping with horses, swim-
ming, tug-of-war and catch-as-catch-can wresthng.
Counting two team championships in fencing not included in the
major list of the original program, France made the next best showing
as an event winner. The French entrants annexed first honors in
six events and second in as many. Their first included three titles
in fencing, one in horsemanship, the cross-country run, and the indi-
vidual singles in tennis. France also won both team and individual
golf events. Italy won two fencing titles, one in riding, and three
second places. Australia's two brilliant tennis victories were backed
up by four second places. Belgium won one fencing title and two
second places. Czecho-Slovakia trimmed all comers in soccer and
divided a first place with Belgium in Greco-Roman wrestling, while
Portugal had three second places to its credit and Canada one.
In the events which might be described as strictly military in char-
acter, the notable American victories were in the new hand-grenade
event in which a world's record was created by an A.E.F. chaplain,
F. C. Thompson, and in the events with the service rifle and revolver.
In riding and fencing, however, the new world had to give place to
the old. France, Italy and Belgium took all but one place in horse-
manship, while the A.E.F. failed to figure at all in the field of foil and
saber, where France, Italy, Belgium and Portugal divided the six
176d THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
championships between them. Similarly, while the United States team
pinned its competitors to the mat in catch-as-catch-can wrestling,
they were lost in the field of Greco-Roman endeavor in which Czecho-
slovakia, Belgium and Italy divided the honors.
America's notable success in winning first and second places in so
many varied events was due of course in no small degree to the prepon-
derance of entries and to the consistent preliminary training, not only
immediately prior to the Games, but also in numerous athletic compe-
titions fostered in the Expeditionary Forces by Y.M.C.A. experts and
Army officers before the Inter-Allied classic was undertaken. It is
no mean tribute to the sportsmanlike spirit of the competing nations
that they fared gaily into the competitions against this handicap.
Indeed, the sportsmanship that characterized every nation and every
individual contender was a prominent feature of the Games. In
the two weeks at Pershing Stadium there was hardly one untoward
incident in regard to team conduct on the field, and in general there
was so little protest against even the official conduct of the Games
as to make them stand out over every preceding tournament of a
similar kind where bickering over points and technicalities have
sometimes left unhappy memories.
The absolutely new arena at Pershing Stadium discouraged the
establishing of world records. The cinder path was fairly fast but
not exceptionally so, and the playing fields, formed of sand, made
speed difficult in the competitions. It was impossible to provide
ideal ground in the short time necessarily employed in erecting the
Stadium.
In spite of this, one new world's record was established. This
was Thompson's hand-grenade toss of 245 feet, 11 inches. But for
a record-smashing performance in the United States a few weeks
earlier, another world's mark would have been made, as the American
team in the 800-meter relay, composed of Paddock, Haddock, Tor-
kelson and Teschner, notched 5 1-5 seconds from the recorded best
mark for the event by negotiating it in 1 minute, 30 4-5 seconds, In
the preliminaries of this event, both the American and Canadian teams
had succeeded in beating the old mark by running the distance in
1 minute 33 1-5 seconds.
French records in track and field went by the boards frequently.
Mason, the dashing New Zealand runner, turned the 800 meters in
1:50 2-5, while Butler, the broad-smiling American black, went 24 feet,
9 3-4 inches in the running broad jump. Bob Simpson was no stranger
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 176e
to Frenchmen who have followed the athletic story of the past three
years, but he gave them two mementos to keep his memory green
along the boulevards by setting two new French hurdle records, one
of 15 1-5 seconds over the 110-meter high sticks, and the other of
24 4-5 over the 200-meter low ones.
Paddock equalled the world's record of 21 3-5 in the 200-meter
dash. Perhaps the most briUiant individual star of the two weeks
was the American swimmer, Norman Ross. He not only set new
French marks in the 100-meter free style at 1:04 3-5 and in the
1500-meter free style at 24:22 2-5, but by negotiating the 400-meter
free style in 5:40 2-5 in the finals, smashed a record a few days old
by Stedman of Australia. When Stedman made his register he beat
a record performance by Ross on the same day.
While the two weeks' meet brought into prominence many really
wonderful individual feats — Paddock in the dashes, Butler in the
jumps, Thompson with the grenade, O'Hara-Wood, Patterson and
Lycette of Australia in tennis. Major Ubertalli of Italy in riding, Lt.
Nedo Nadi of Italy with the foils, Vermeulen of France over the
cross-country and modified Marathon, and outstanding figures in
boxing and wrestling — no single entry in any sport in the two weeks
compared with the dazzling performances of Norman Ross, already
a noted swimmer in American tanks prior to his entry into the Army,
in which he served as a Lieutenant in the Air service. Indeed, Ross'
record in the Inter-Allied swimming competition stands out as the
greatest individual achievement in the history of competitive natation.
Aside from the actual conduct of the Games, interest during the
two weeks at Pershing Stadium and the other places where the Inter-
Allied sports were held, was centered, as is always the case,
on the crowds themselves. It is a psychological factor of immense
importance in the sport world that the spectators constitute for them-
selves a great part of the spectacle.
In view of the fact that admission was entirely free to all the com-
petitions, the actual attendance at the Games could not be accur-
ately checked. Only estimates could be made, but a daily average
of 20,000 at Pershing Stadium was easily maintained for the fifteen
days from opening to closing. Between 300,000 and 320,000 saw
the competitions at the Stadium. As there were several other places
where events were staged, it is perhaps a very conservative estimate
to say that the Inter-Allied Games played to a gallery of half a million
persons.
176f THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Every available seat in the huge concrete Stadium was occupied
on Opening Day, and in addition, the throngs overflowed upon the
field and surged against every entrance. Thousands who found it
impossible to get inside the barriers spent the afternoon simply walking
around the vicinity or strolling through the adjacent Bois de Vincennes.
The scene of Opening Day was repeated on the Fourth of July, and
on the two Saturdays and Sundays included in the course of the events.
The tennis competition, which was held more than a fortnight
before the other Games, also drew splendid crowds in spite of the
fact that at that time Paris transportation was tied up by the strike
on the Metro and surface lines.
Parisian sportlovers had a difficult problem in choosing where
they wished to go to witness the Inter-Allied Games. The track and
field, boxing and wrestling bouts, and a major portion of the other
competitions were held at Pershing Stadium. But on a number of
days, there were simultaneous" attractions. The swimming events
were held in the beautiful lake St. James in the Bois de Boulogne.
The earlier riding events took place at Ghennevieres, most of the
fencing was scheduled at the Ecole d'Escrime at Joinville, and Rugby
was at home at Golombes Field north of Paris. The golf matches
took place on the La Boulie links outside the gates of Paris — -a course
regarded as one of the best in Europe. The Inter-Allied shooting
events were not held in Paris at all, but hours away by rail on the
d'Auvours range near Le Mans. The tennis tournament was divided
between the Racing Club and the Stad Frangais near Paris.
Spectators at Pershing Stadium faced an added difficulty in deter-
mining their preference in sport as several events were conducted
simultaneously, though games of the type of baseball, soccer and
basketball were usually halted between periods to permit a track race
to be run. On the last day of actual competitions, several wrestling
matches were staged outside the Stadium owing to the needs of the
riding program.
Although variable weather was encountered in the course of the
two week's program, on the whole the weather was good. Rain on
a few afternoons dampened the enthusiasm of the crowd and necessi-
tated the postponement of several events to later dates, but no feature
of the program was permitted to lapse entirely.
Ceremonies, principally military in character, served to stimulate
the interest of the show-loving Parisians. The martial splendor of
both American and French Armies was lent to the occasion.
* See map of location ol events, page 81.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 176g
The principal military feature of the A.E.F. was the presence of
the Composite Regiment formed from the ranks of the first six, or
Regular, Divisions of the United States Army. Originally intended
as the Guard of Homor for General Pershing in his planned trip to
London for Empire Day, which was postponed by the possibility of
an advance into unoccupied German territory, the Regiment was kept
together and brought to Paris for the Games.
Each infantry brigade of the first six divisions supplied a rifle
company to the Regiment, the men being selected for size, military
bearing, and excellence in drill. With these requisites as a basis,
and after an intensive drill program in the training area at Coblenz,
the Regiment made a splendid showing. One battalion was always
on duty at the Stadium. A Third Division band accompanied the
Composite Regiment to Paris.
After the formal Opening Day ceremonies, the gala event at the
Stadium took place on 4 July, an Independence Day that will never
be forgotten by the American Army in Europe or the spectators from
the French capital. The day was made the occasion of a special
program at the Stadium in connection with the official celebration of
the holiday throughout the District of Paris.
The performances of a squadrilla of military airplanes, low-flying
and "circusing" over the field, formed a spectacular feature of the
program. In the afternoon a parade and a series of drill maneuvers
by the Composite Regiment received vociferous compliments from the
assembled crowd and were applauded by General Pershing himself.
The Commander-in-Chief remained on the field but a short time, as he
was an afternoon honor guest at Maison Lafitte. In the evening there
was an exhibition of fireworks, a display of Serbian gymnastics, Arabian
sword dancing, a parade of symbolical floats and living tableaux.
There were two decoration ceremonies during the Games at the
Stadium. The picturesque character of the second was augmented
by the fact that just before it occurred (28 June) an official announce-
ment was made to the immense Saturday throng that Germany had
just signed the Peace Treaty; and amid a stirring display of enthu-
siasm, M. Valdor of the Opera Comique had just rendered the Marseil-
laise. It was at this moment that several star athletes were summoned
to the royal box of King Nicholas of Montenegro and were decorated
by His Majesty in person with the Order of Danilo of Montenegro.
On the preceding afternoon, before 30,000 cheering spectators,
M. Henry Pate, president of the Comite National de I'Education
176h
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Physique, Sportive et de I'Hygiene Sociale, acting for the French
government, decorated with the Legion of Honor the chief Americans
who organized the Inter-Allied Games. Colonel Wait G. Johnson,
chairman of the Games Committee, was made an officer of the Legion.
The following were made knights: Lt. Col. David M. Goodrich, vice-
chairman and head of the Liaison Section; Lt. Col. T. G. Lonergan,
member of the Committee and head of the Technical Section; Lt. Col.
J. A. McDermott, head of the General Section, and Mr. Elwood S.
Brown, Y.M.C.A., member of the Committee and Director General
of the Games.
The concluding ceremony of the Games took place on Sunday,
6 July, when the medals were presented to the victors by General
Pershing, the AlHed flags lowered and the French standard left to
float alone over Stade Pershing — now the official property of the
French nation — an abiding monument to the most unique sport
carnival in athletic history.
CHAPTER XV
DEDICATION DAY
o one of the fifteen eventful days of the Inter-Allied Games
surpassed in enthusiasm the remarkable scene presented by
the formal opening of Pershing Stadium on the afternoon
of Sunday, 22 June, 1919. The glamour of military splen-
dor, joined with the briUiant changing spectacle of color inseparable
from a Continental holiday crowd, made the day one long to be remem-
bered by those fortunate enough to witness it.
There were distinguished guests from all of the Allied nations,
mihtary delegations, well-turned speeches and there was the double
presentation by which Pershing Stadium, planned and built by the
American Y.M.C.A. and presented to the American Expeditionary
Forces, became in turn the perpetual property of the French
people — but above all there was The Crowd.
Approximately 90,000 people filled every possible seating space
in the huge concrete stands, overflowed on the grounds, or stormed
in vain outside the circular walls in efforts to get a glimpse of the
ceremonies inside. Thousands of American soldiers helped to fill
the stands, and there was a riot of color ranging from the sober olive
drab of the A.E.F. and the striking horizon blue of the poilu, through
the many gradations of shading that can be presented only by Europe's
numberless uniforms and Paris on a jour de fSte. With the sun of
ideal summer weather smiling over the scene. Opening Day proved
a grand success.
As the inauguration of the Games took place during one of the most
momentous periods in the diplomatic and political history of the world,
the two leading figures in the international situation found, at the
last moment, that they would not be able to attend the dedication
ceremonies. But while urgent business of the moment prevented the
176j THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
attendance of President Wilson and M. Clemenceau at the inaugura-
tion of the Stadium, there was, nevertheless, a notable gathering of
distinguished people. The President and Mme. Poincare occupied
the seats in the center of the platform of honor, with General Pershing
on their right. On General Pershing's right sat Mrs. Hugh Wallace,
wife of the American Ambassador, and Mme. Jusserand, wife of the
French Ambassador in Washington. On the left of Mme. Poincare
sat Mr. Wallace, the American Ambassador, and M. Leygues, the
French Minister of Marine. M. Leygues was accompanied by M. Pate,
Deputy, and other officials of the Government. On his left sat General
Bliss and next to him, Mr. E. C. Garter, Chief Secretary of the A.E.F.-
Y.M.G.A. Others on the platform were: Mr. W. F. Massey, Prime Min-
ister of New Zealand; General Sir Charles Rosenthal of the Austra-
lian forces; General Alby, Chief of the French General Staff; General
Dubail; M. Politic, Greek Minister for Foreign Affairs; Colonel Wait
G. Johnson, Chief Athletic Officer of the A.E.F., and the officers of
his staff; Mr. Elwood S. Brown of the Y.M.G.A., Director of the Games;
M. Vesnich, the Serbian Minister; M. Jusserand; General Laorat, the
French officer attached to President Wilson; Rear Admiral Knapp;
Admiral Long, Naval Attache of the American Embassy, and others
of the Embassy staff; Miss Sarah Beecher, niece of Ambassador and
Mrs. Wallace; the Japanese Ambassador and his wife, and officers
representing all the nations contesting in the athletic field.
The day's events began at 2:30 in the afternoon when the mili-
tary parade, headed by the Garde Republicaine band, entered the
oval and marched past Gol. W. S. Babcock, U.S.A., the Grand Mar-
shal. The review included companies from the two famous old French
military schools, the Polytechnic and St. Gyr; detachments from the
Chasseurs Alpins, Zouaves and Tirailleurs; the 89th Infantry, and a
battalion from the superb Composite Regiment of the American Expe-
ditionary Forces. Led by Commandant Rolland and his staff, the
French contingents carried tattered battle flags, many of them dyed
in- the blood of campaigns far older than the World War, while the
American color guard bore the Stars and Stripes and the regimental
colors. After marching around the oval, the troops were drawn up
in line facing the central stand and inspected by President Poincare
and General Pershing.
On the completion of the review the march around the Stadium
by the athletes selected to compete in the Games constituted the single
non-mihtary feature of the day. Headed by the band of the 45th
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 176k
Infantry, the parade followed the course of the military procession,
the athletes eventually lining up in front of the serried ranks of
French and American troops.
The parade of the athletes was a notable event. Nearly 1500
men, representing sixteen nations and colonies, participated in this,
the first ceremony of the kind since the close of the Olympic Games
at Stockholm in 1912. Despite the four years of world war involving
countries and men who had helped to make athletic history in the
last three Olympics, here and there in the march around Pershing
Stadium might be detected the figures of those who had achieved
victories on Olympic fields in the years which now seem so far in the
background.
To the French was given the honor of heading the parade. The
teams of other competing nations followed in alphabetical order,
ranging in number from the lone representative of far Guatemala to
the 300 or more wearing Uncle Sam's colors. Following France in
order came Austraha, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Czecho-Slo-
vakia. Great Britain, Greece, Guatemala, the Hedjaz, Newfoundland,
New Zealand, Portugal, Roumania, Serbia, and finally, the United
States. Once in line in front of the soldiers, the long array of inter-
national athletes stretched from end to end of the oval.
The formal double presentation of the Stadium followed, the
ceremony taking place on the reviewing platform constructed as an
abutment from the center of the main stand. Mr. E. C. Carter, Chief
Secretary of the A.E.F.- Y.M.C.A., on behalf of his organization,
presented the deed to the Stadium to General Pershing in these brief
and well-chosen words:
" Mr. President and General Pershing —
" In America, years ago, France built a noble monument to hberty.
Today in France, America has here completed a monument to one
aspect of liberty— the right to play. From the arrival in Europe of
the very first American troops, the Y.M.C.A. has been in a great
partnership with the American Expeditionary Forces in making uni-
versal the best play spirit of our country— of play for all, strong and
weak, rich and poor.
" The meaning of the A.E.F. championships hes not in a few
hundred final competitors, but in the hundreds of thousands of soldiers
of average skill who unconsciously have established play for play's
sake, and sport as the possession of all.
176 1 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
" These Inter-Allied Games, at the invitation of the American
Commander-in-Chief, mark the culmination of the ideals which have
been stressed in Europe by the American Army and fostered by the
Association's Department of Athletics— the democracy of sport and
the wider internationahzation of athletics.
" In making this gift to the American Army, as trustees of money
subscribed by the American people, the Association beheves it has
used their money for the largest good of the American and Alhed
Armies. Our thanks are due not only to the American people, but
also to the Army itself, particularly to the engineer and pioneer troops
who have completed this structure in so short a time.
" To you, General Pershing, on behalf of the American people,
through the Y.M.C.A., I present this Stadium for the American Expe-
ditionary Forces. I am greatly honored in handing you this certifi-
cate of the deed of gift."
The following is the wording of the deed:
The undersigned, Edward C. Carter, Chief Secretary Young Men's Christian
Association, under a General Power of Attorney, does hereby give, transfer and
convey to John J. Pershing, Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary
Forces, all and singular the property described herein, the structure known as
the " Pershing Stadium. "
Which consists of a building constructed of cement and steel, erected by the
Young Men's Christian Association of the United States of America, together
with all appliances, appurtenances and apparatus belonging thereto, and
erected on land ceded by the City of Paris to the Comit6 National de I'Educa-
tion Physique, Sportive et del' Hygiene Sociale, situated in the Bois de Vincennes,
at the place called "Mortemart" for the establishment of a stadium, being more
specifically described as follows :
A piece of ground consisting of 200 meters to the side situated upon the
aforesaid racefield in the part called "Champ de Manoeuvres", adjoining the
Camp de St. Maur, and the Municipal Nurseries, and comprised within the
limits traced in red ink on the sketch attached hereto;
This ground being designed solely for the establishment of a stadium offered
to the people of France by the Young Men's Christian Association of the United
States of America.
The conditions of this transfer are :
That the grantor conveys the above described personal property to the
Comit6 National de I'Education Phyisique, Sportive et de 1' Hygiene Sociale,
as trustee for the people of France and for their sole use and exclusive benefit;
it being understood that the said properties herein conveyed shall not be
retransferred by the said Comit6 National de I'Education Physique, Sportive
et de I'Hygitoe Sociale, to any person, firm, partnership or corporation, or any
other society, by which the rights of the people of France could in any way be
curtailed; it being the intention of the grantor herein that people of France shall
for ever enjoy the rights, benefits and privileges of the property conveyed
without price; provided, however, that the said Comit6 National may charge
reasonable admission fees to said Pershing Stadium for sporting events and
other entertainments conducted directly by said Comit6 National and provided
further that any other person, agency or organizations, having first obtained
the right to use said Pershing Stadium, shall also have the right to charge a
reasonable admission fee, it being understood, however, that in all such cases
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 176m
said person, agency, or organisation shall be required to pay said Comit6 National
—or Its successors — a reasonable percentage of the net proceeds where admis-
sion fees are so charged, to be used for the up-keep of the said Pershing Stadium
»T , Witness Whereof the said Edward C. Carter, Chief Secretary Young'
Men s Christian Association has executed the above and foregoine instrument
this day of July, 1919.
Witnesses : (Seal)
Elwood S. Brown Edward C. Carter.
Cass Connoway
General Pershing followed with a simple and soldierly speech of
acceptance of the gift for the A.E.F. The Commander-in-Chief of
the Expeditionary Forces said:
" Mr. President, ladies and gentlemen —
" It is very gratifying to us of the Army to be able to testify to the
extraordinary results that have come to us through athletics, especi-
ally since the Armistice. Hundreds of thousands of our officers
and men have participated in these Games and have received material
benefit through theni, because of having to prepare for these compe-
titions. The results have been very gratifying indeed.
" But we could not be here today to testify to these things if it
had not been for the assistance, the aid, the encouragement given
us by the Y.M.C.A. of America, who, by their financial aid and by
the assistance given us through their trained instructors, have made
these things possible.
" Mr. Carter — and I address all your associates as well — we most
fully appreciate all that you have done. This monument that you
leave here is a material evidence of what you have accomplished.
But beyond that you are leaving in our memories something more — you
are leaving with us a lesson which will benefit not only those of us
who are here, but we hope will be transmitted to those who are to
follow.
" In accepting this deed, I extend to you the most cordial appre-
ciation of the Army for what you have done for us".
In turn General Pershing presented to M. Georges Leygues, Minister
of Marine, acting for Premier Clemenceau, the deed of gift trans-
ferring the Stadium to France. A touching tribute to the spirit of
comradeship in arms was paid by the American Commanding General
in his address. He said:
" The association of nations and of armies, M. le Ministre, on the
field of battle, developes ties of friendship which naturally lead, if
followed to their logical conclusion, to a stronger friendship and
naturally enable us to accomplish greater things.
176n THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
" Since the war has happily ended we have been able to assemble
here athletes from all the Allied Armies, and we feel that this is but
a beginning of that which will be carried out later by the French
government and the French people.
" In transmitting to you this deed for the Stadium, I do so with
the hope that those bonds of friendship, which have been developed
by us when fighting side by side, may continue, and that they may
become everlasting memories."
The following is the wording of the deed:
The undersigned, John J. Pershing, Commander-in-Chief of the American
Expeditionary Forces in France, does hereby give, transfer and convey to the
Comite National de I'Education Physique, Sportive et de I'Hygitae Sociale,
all and singular the property described herein, the structure known as the
"Pershing Stadium."
"Which consists of a building constructed of cement and steel, erected by the
Young Men's Christian Association of the United States of America, together
with all appliances, appurtenances and apparatus belonging thereto, and erected
on land ceded by the City of Paris to the Comit6 National de I'Education Phy-
sique Sportive et de I'HygiSne Sociale, situated in the Bois de Vincennes, at
the place called "Mortemart", for the establishment of a stadium, being more
specifically described as follows:
A piece of ground consisting of 200 meters to the side situated upon the
aforesaid racefleld in the part called "Champ de Manoeuvres", adjoining the
Camp de St. Maur, and the Municipal Nurseries, and comprised within the
limits traced in red ink on the sketch attached hereto;
This ground being designed solely for the establishment of a stadium offered
to the people of France by the Young Men's Christian Association of the United
States of America.
The conditions of this transfer are :
That the grantor conveys the above described personal property to the
Comit6 National de I'Education Pyhsique, Sportive et de I'Hygitae Sociale,
as trustee for the people of France and for their sole use and exclusive benefit;
it being understood that the said properties herein conveyed shall not be
retransferred by the said Comit6 National de I'Education Physique, Sportive et de
I'Hygiene Sociale to any person, firm, partnership or corporation, or any other
society, by which the rights of the people of France could in any way be cur-
tailed; it being the intention of the grantor herein that the people of France
shall forever enjoy the rights, benefits and privileges of the property conveyed
without price, provided, however, that said Comit6 National may charge reason-
able admission fees to said Pershing Stadium for sporting events and other
entertainments conducted directly by said Comit6 National, and provided
further, that any other person, agency or organizations, having first obtained
the right to use said Pershing Stadium, shall also have the right to charge a
reasonable admission fee, it being understood, however, that in all such cases
said person, agency, or organization shall be required to pay said Comit6 National
— or its successors — a reasonable percentage of the net proceeds, where admis-
sion fees are so charged, to be used for the up-keep of the said Pershing Stadium.
In Witness Whereof the said John J. Pershing, Commander-in-Chief of the
American Expeditionary Forces in France, has executed the above and fore-
going instrument, this day of July, 1919.
Witnesses : (Seal)
Quekemeyer John J. Pershing.
Holmes
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 176o
M. Leygues' acceptance was brief. The French Minister said:
" I accept with the greatest of gratitude and joy the magnificent
gift of the Pershing Stadium which you have just made to the Premier
of the French nation. This Stadium will be the center of the Inter-
Allied Games. It will very powerfully contribute to develop the taste
for physical education which forms strong races and victorious sol-
diers. It will perpetuate forever the remembrance in France of the
generosity of the Y.M.G.A. and the American Army. It will also
remind us of the gracious help of your splendid legions at the most
dramatic hour of the history of the world, as brought to the defense
of the sacred cause of liberty and right."
Upon the completion of the double presentation, General Pershing
turned and faced the ranks of soldiers and athletes, and in a loud,
clear voice proclaimed the formal opening of the Inter-Alhed Games.
The General said:
" It is very gratifying to the Army of the United States to be
assembled here and ask all the athletes of the Allied Armies to contest
in friendly games among themselves and with us.
" We feel sure that this is a new beginning for the development
of athletics among the people with whom we have been associated in
the Great War.
" I trust that we may all carry in our minds the thought that
strong men make strong nations, and I predict this as a beginning of a
new era in such development.
" I extend to you athletes and your friends a most cordial welcome
to these Games.
" I now declare the Inter-AlHed Games opened."
At this juncture the flags of the competing nations were raised
to the tops of the tall poles erected at intervals around the Stadium,
"Old Glory" being the first to float from its pinnacle.
The athletes then marched off the field in order, followed by all of
the troops except the two companies selected for the Guard of Honor.
The departure from the field as signally honored as was the appear-
ance of the march companies, for at this time the outer barriers had
been removed, and the huge crowd had overflowed to the field, forming
a dense fringe of humanity around the oval, through which with diffi-
culty the French Garde Nationale and American Military Police held
a passage for the paraders. As the companies filed past, the crowd
burst into storms of cheers for their favorites, the detachments from
176p THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
the Ecole Polytechnique and St. Cyr coming in for a share as well
as the older combat organizations. The American troops went off
the field at double time.
The Guard of Honor from the Composite Regiment, led by the
District of Paris band, was drawn up in front of the reviewing stand,
-taking the field for its formal inspection. It was late in the afternoon
at this time and most of the principal guests found it necessary to
leave the Stadium, a considerable portion of the crowd trailing out
after them. This left comparatively empty stands to watch the most
spectacular event of the day — a parade of airplanes which reached
its climax in a thrilling sham in air, and culminated in an accident
which luckily proved fatal only to the machine.
Throughout the ceremonies planes had swooped low over the
crowded Stadium. Two hugh bouquets which were let fall were recov-
ered and presented to Mme. Poincare and Mrs. Wallace, wife of the
American Ambassador.
Twelve types of machines took part in the air review, displaying
between them almost a complete series of the dashing feats of the
airman's repertoire, to the great delight of the spectators. The acci-
dent occurred when Captain Moseley, United States Air Service,
wrecked a Fokker he was flying in a mimic fight with a Frelich-piIo|ed
Spad. Moseley displayed splendid airmanship in his enforced landing
at Vincennes racetrack but he had so little clearing space that the
little plane was completely wrecked in a smash against a tree, the
pilot escaping unhurt. The crowd tore the machine to pieces for
souvenirs.
The airplane, exhibition concluded the official ceremonies of the
Opening Day of the Inter-Allied Games, though it was nearly three
quarters of an hour before the huge Stadium was finally cleared of the
tremendous crowd that had helped make the brilliant and colorful
initial program an unqualified success.
-iSrM^s^.:- "^^^m^^^:-''^ ^
1
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■ "aaZAMBi. .jK
HWfrOT^«^^^_3*^
Ui^r^rtMi
PANORAMIC VIEW OF PERSHING STADIUM ON OPENING DAY
Top left— Van den Eynde, Belgium, counted out in bout with Spalla, Italy. Top nght—Goghill,
Australia, down in fight with Martin, U. S. Center Ze/i—Checkett Australia, knocked out
by Harris, Canada. Center right— honncits, Belgium, down m bout with Arnold, Canada.
Bottom left— Spa.\U, Italy, knocking out Van den Eynde, Belgium. Bottom rtgAi— Martm, U.S.,
knocking out Coghill, Australia.
12
CHAPTER XVI
THE COMPETITIONS
1
Baseball
2
Basketball
3
Boxing and Wrestling
4
Equitation
5
Fencing
6
Football
7
Golf
8
Rowing
9
Shooting
10
Swimming
11
Tennis
12
Track and Field
13
Tug-of-War
14
Mass Games.
BASEBALL
INNING three out of four games, the Le Mans team of the
A.E.F. League, representing the United States, took first
place in the Baseball competition against the Canadians in
the Inter-Allied Games at Pershing Stadium. The Ameri-
cans took the first, third and fourth games ; the Canadians won the
second. These two teams were the only entries in Baseball.
The first game in the series was played on 23 June, the United
States getting five runs and shutting out their opponents. On 25 June
the Canadians took their only victory with a 2-to-l score. The third
game, played on the Fourth of July, was a 10-to-O victory for the
Americans and the final game, which lasted only seven innings, ended
in a score of 12 to 1.
In the four games played the United States showed excellence in
every feature. The United States team made a total of 28 runs
against 3 for the Canadian team. There were 24 hits for a total
of 29 bases made by the United States against 10 hits for a total of
12 bases by Canada. The United States made 7 errors in the four
games, Canada 22. Pitchers for the winning team showed their supe-
riority not only in holding down the number of hits, but also by
striking out 19 batters to 8 strikeouts by the losing team batteries.
Base running honors were taken by the United States with 19 stolen
bases against 6 by Canada.
Of the men who played in all four games, but one batter reached
.300 per cent. This was Anderson, shortstop for the United States,
who made 6 hits out of 13 times at bat. His nearest competitor
for honors was Marriott, second baseman, who hit 5 times out of
15 chances. The leading Canadian batter was Gilpatrick, third
baseman, who hit 3 times with 12 chances and the second on the
Canadian team was Carmel, left fielder, who got 3 hits out of
14 chances.
Two men on each team played in all four games and fielded per-
fectly. The Canadians who did not make an error during the series
were Carmel and Thompson, outfielders. The Americans with 1.000
fielding average were Brausen, third baseman, and Dean, center fielder.
See page 153 for baseball pictures
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 181
The United States team had 9 earned runs during the series
against 2 for the Canadians. Brausen was the best rungetter for
the winning team, crossing the plate 5 times. Debus came second
with 4 tallies to his credit. Dean and Marriott made 3 each.
The second game, won by the Canadians, was the best exhibi-
tion of baseball shown on the field. The game was close through-
out and played fast. Tate, pitching for the winners, allowed but 1
hit and his team gave him strong support, only 1 error being made
behind him. Taylor, pitching for the United States, allowed a total
of 5 hits and received perfect support from his fielders.
In the first game most of the credit for the victory was due to
Fuller's pitching for the Americans. Although 4 errors were made,
the former Washington pitcher held his opponents to 1 hit. Loose
fielding allowed the Americans to pile up their big leads in the third
and fourth games. In the third contest the Canadians made 6 errors
and in the last game 10.
The Canadian team, fresh from a final series against the other
troops from their country in London, showed themselves to be worthy
opponents for the Americans in the first two games played. After-
wards, however, the Le Mans team went to Germany where they
played three games while the Canadians remained at Pershing Stadium
without a chance to play. The week of resting showed itself plainly
in the last two games of the series.
The Le Mans team, representing the United States, was selected
after a three-game series with the Third Division team in which the
former took two of the contests. These two teams were conceded
to be the best in the A.E.F. League. The Canadian team was selected
after a series in London with the best baseball teams in the Canadian
Army. The winning team was reinforced by the best players from
the two next highest teams in the Canadian finals.
Although the United States and the Canadian forces were the only
ones in the Allied Armies to have baseball teams, much interest was
taken in these games played at the Stadium. Many French soldiers
and civilians gathered in the stands nearest the diamond and gave
Baseball first place in their attention over the other events on the
field. Even the fact that they had no national interest in any of the
players did not prevent them from following the plays and enjoying
the exhibition. Although fewer in number, representatives of the
other Allied Nations also watched the series with evident interest
182
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
and probably got a new and clearer understanding of this game hither-
to played almost exclusively in North America.
Each team had eighteen players entered. Canada used sixteen
of her men in the four games and the United States eleven.
First Game : Score by innings
Canada 000000000
R H E Batteries
15 Clayton and Shep-
pard.
United States. OOSOOOllx— 5 64 Fuller and Novak.
Umpires — Orth and Frambes. Scorer- — Thornton. Time of game
— 1:45.
Second Game : Score by innings R H E Batteries
United States. 000000100— 1 1 Taylor and Novak.
Canada 00020000x— 2 5 1 Tate and Peckham.
Umpires — Orth and Frambes. Scorer- — Doran. Time of game
— 1:35.
Third game : Score by innings R H E Batteries
Canada 000000000— 1 6 Chalmers and Shep-
pard.
United States. 10000126x — 10 9 2 Fuller and Novak.
Umpires— Orth and Roth. Scorer— Doran. Time of game— 1:45.
Fourth Game : Score by innings R H E
United States. 0030324 — 12 81
Canada 1000000
Batteries
Taylor and Novak.
Umpires — Roth and Orth.
— 1 310 Tate and Peckham.
Top left — Lieutpnant Eagan, U. S. middleweight. Top right — Oogliill, Australia, heavyweight.
Bottom left — Prunior, France. Bottom right — Sal van, Roumania.
F the Europeans proved superior in soccer, the sport so
popular on the Continent, the United States quite as
decisively showed the way in Basketball to Italy and France,
the only other entries. Since this game is one of the most
popular in America but almost unknown in Europe, the one-sided
scores by which the United States won both games from their sports-
manlike but less practised opponents were not surprising.
There were three games in the series, the first between Italy and
the United States, the second between France and Italy and the
third between the United States and France. The contests were
held on the site of the baseball infield of Pershing Stadium. Although
basketball is an indoor sport, the floor of tightly stretched canvas
and the movable but firmly placed standards formed an excellent
court. Good weather prevailed during all but the first game in which
the second half was played in the rain.
The first game on 26 June resulted in an easy victory for the United
States over the Italian quintette. The latter was the first team ever
organized in this sport in Italy and it had enjoyed little opportunity
for training. The Americans won by a score of 55 to 17 and used
substitutes in the second half. Their teamwork, short passing and
condition stood out in contrast to the losers who tried disastrous long
passes and were weak on scoring. Brennan was the main cog m the
mechanism of the winning five, scoring six field goals. The players
of both nations were as follows: United States — Ruddiger (R.F.),
Greene (L.F.), Brennan (C.), Pelletier (R.G.), Friedman (L.G.), sub-
stitutes, Kewallis, May and Brown. Italy— Sessa (R.F.), Baccanni
(L.F.), H. Muggiani (G.), M. Muggiani (R.G.), Pecelle (L.G.).
Italy defeated France 15 to 11 on 28 June. This game was exciting
throughout, the play at times being excellent. France led at the end
of the second half 6 to 5, but Secca, starring for Italy, shot his team
into victory in the final period with 4 successive baskets from the
field and one foul goa. Because of unfamiliarity with the rules,
more fouls were called in this contest than in either of the other two.
As the low scores indicate, both teams were weak on offensive and
See pages 159 165 for basketball pictures.
186
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
often missed easy baskets. The players were as follows : France —
Bagay (R.F.), Aube (L.F.), Chauvet (C), Aguillaume (R.G.), Turaglie
(L.G.); substitute, Maurier. Italy — Sessa (R.F.), Baccarini (L.F.),
H. Muggiani (C), Pecollo (R.G.), Bagnoli (L.G.).
The final game on 29 June was won by the United States from
France, 93 to 8. The winners went at top speed all the way and scored
at will. Brennan was again the mainstay with sixteen goals. He
seldom lost the tipoff and usually started the ball towards another
score. The forwards, Ruddiger and Kewallis, found the net for nine
counters each, while Pelletier, in addition to holding his opposing
forward scoreless, shot eight baskets. The French players were
helpless and seldom had the ball. An entirely new American team
was substituted in the last five minutes. Players follow : United
States— Ruddiger (R.F.), Kewallis (L.F.), Brennan (C), [Pelletier
(R.F.), Friedman (L.G.); substitutes, Greene, Clarke, May, Brown,
and Doing. France — ^Bagay (R.F.), Aube (L.F.), Chauvet (C),
Turaglio (R.G.), Aguillaume (L.G.).
Final Standing of Teams :
United States
Italy
France
Won
2
1
Lost
1
2
BOXING 8.WRESTLING
HROUGHOUT the Intcr-Allied Games the Y.M.C.A. model ring
occupied a conspicuous place in Pershing Stadium and
those who performed in it were the center of interest for
thousands of spectators always willing to stay late for the
attractive boxing and wrestling bouts.
Keener competition than that developed in the Inter-Allied Games
ring contest will not be seen for a long time. Cleaner sportsmanship
will never be seen.
Practically every nation competing in the Inter-Allied Games had
a list of entrants in the boxing and wrestling tournaments. Next
to the track and field meet the ring contests were the sports most
popularly received alike by the competing nations and by the specta-
tors. Boxing bouts and wrestling matches, both Greco-Roman and
Gatch-as-catch-can, took place every day that weather permitted.
BOXING
In the boxing contests the team competition was exceedingly keen
and the results close. Although from the .start Australia's string
of fighters loomed up strong on the fistic horizon, America's team
bested that of the Dominion. France had counted on winning ; her
entrants were all veterans and promising contenders for honors. The
United States entered its A.E.F. champions with two substitutions.
Belgium and Italy both entered strong teams.
Difficult is the task of selecting the tournament's star perforniers.
Perhaps the two winning men at the extreme limits of the weight
scale stood out throughout the tourney above the other winners.
"Digger" Evans of Australia cleverly boxed his way to the bantam-
weight title. His good-natured sportsmanship, his winning and
cheerful smile, made him a decided favorite with the ring-side fans
of all nations. He was far and away the cleverest boxer in the tourney.
The fact that his punches lacked "steam" was overbalanced by the
fact that he hit almost at will and where he wanted to hit. His favo-
rite trick was to wait for his opponent to lead and then to step m with
See pages 171 177 183 189 195 201 207 213 for pictures of boxing and wrestling.
188 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
a fusilade of rights and lefts to the head or body. All of his bouts
were won on judges' decisions; all of them but one were by wide
margins.
Evans' closest battle was his bout with "Babe" Asher, the A.E.F.
bantamweight champion. The drawings brought these two boys
together on the first day of the tournament. Although Asher hit
harder than Evans, the latter's cleverness kept the American out of
range for the most part and won for the Australian the decision. Some
neutrals at the ringside thought that the bout could have been called
a draw. Evans had no difficulty in his other matches
The other star uncovered in the tourney was "Bob" Martin, the
big A.E.F. heavyweight champion. In the A.E.F. tournament
Martin, a green boxer, won his title by his terrific hitting. His fight-
ing was devoid of cleverness and he seemed ill at ease. When he
stepped into the Inter-Allied ring "Bob" seemed a different fighter.
Schooling subsequent to the A.E.F. matches had given him much
needed cleverness and style and had taught him something of ring
generalship. His ability to coordinate muscle and mind, to take
advantage instantly of any slip on his opponent's part, won him his
title. Martin's two bouts in the Inter-Allied tourney were short
affairs. He disposed of the French heavyweight contender in the
second round of their scheduled ten-round bout. He was more than
a match for the Frenchman in cleverness and his sledge-hammer
blows quickly subdued the latter and put Martin in the final heavy-
weight bout with Captain Coghill of Australia. The latter had been
judged the equal of Georges Garpentier, France's well-known heavy
who was unable to fight in the Inter-Allied Games. Coghill lasted
one minute and thirty-six seconds with Martin in the title bout. The
American led very cleverly three times to the Australian's stomach
with left jabs. These three leads caused Coghill to lower his guard,
which was what Martin wanted. The Australian led with his left
and Martin's instantaneous counter, a right swing to the face, ended
the bout and won the American the heavyweight title. Sportsman-
like, Martin carried Coghill to his corner.
No better boxing card has ever been witnessed than the cham-
pionship bouts staged in Pershing Stadium on the Fourth of July
before a record-breaking and enthusiastic crowd. General Pershing
was among those who kept their seats until the final bout was conclud-
ed. The lightweight-championship tilt between "Benny" McNeil,
United States, and Watson, Australia, was generally proclaimed the
Top Ze/i — Martin, U. S., heavyweight champion. Top riff/ii-De Ponthieu, France,
featherweight champion. Cen^^-r if/<-McNeill, U. S. lightweight cliampion C^^^^ "^ht--
Al Norton U. S., heavyweight. Bo<tom Ze/i—Atwood, Canada. Bo«om rij/W— Martm, U. h.,
' ' Coghill, Australia; Bronson, referee.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 191
star bout of the tourney. Both men are clever, hard-hitting boxers ,
and each called into play all the resourcefulness at his command.
Although the bout was a slashing affair it was not the wild-swinging
fight of unskilled boxers. Both men gave and received considerable
punishment. At the end they stood arm-in-arm with broad smiles
on their battered faces and submitted to the photographic ordeal.
Here is the lineup of the Inter-Allied champions who won their titles
by virtue of that day's fighting :
Bantamweight. — Evans, Australia, outpointed Marzzorati, Italy, in
10 rounds.
Featherweight. — De Ponthieu, France, outpointed Fundy, United
States, in 10 rounds.
Lightweight. — McNeil, United States, outpointed Watson, Aus-
tralia, in 10 rounds.
Welterweight. — Attwood, Canada, outpointed Prunier, France,
in 11 rounds. (No decision at end of scheduled 10 rounds).
Middleweight. — Eagan, United States, won from Thomas, France,
by default.
Light Heavyweight. — Spalla, Italy, outpointed Pettibridge, Aus-
tralia, in 10 rounds.
Heavyweight. — Martin, United States, knocked out Coghill, Aus-
tralia, in first round of 10-round bout.
By the scoring system employed under the rules of the Inter-Allied
Games a nation was credited with 2 points for every bout which was
won by one of its fighters. The nation whose fighter lost in the bout
was credited with 1 point. The scoring included both preliminary
and final bouts. With 20 points to its credit, by Virtue of 8 wins
and 4 losses, the United States led the field in team scoring. Aus-
traha was second with 17 points while Canada and France tied for
third with 16 points each. The tabulated score sheet is as follows :
Wins Losses Points
United States 8 4 20
Australia 6 5 17
Canada 6 4 16
France 6 4 16
Belgium 2 6 10
Italy 2 6 10
Roumania 1 1 ^
Portugal J? _i _1
31 31 93
192 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Lieut. "Ben" Steinel, Red Cross, matchmaker, and his assistant,
Sgt. "Joe" Levins, handled the ring cards admirably. "Jimmy"
Bronson, Y.M.C.A., was third man in the ring in most of the bouts.
The satisfaction that he gave is indicated by the fact that several
non-American fighters requested that he officiate even when they
were boxing American fighters. He conducted the bouts with the
finished hand of the expert that he is. Capt. "Harry" Sharpe, Red
Cross, and Monsieur Lerda, the French expert, shared the task of
officiating with Bronson and rendered excellent service, as did Maj.
Beveridge, Canada, Lt. Kelaher, Australia, and Lt. Maker ,^ Belgium.
The boxing rules of the American Expeditionary Forces, which
governed the contests at the Stadium as they had those of the A.E.F.
finals, were the work of Col. Wait C. Johnson, assisted by Lt. Col.
J. A. McDermott who had charge of the A.E.F. boxing and wrestling
championships. These rules embraced some important modifications
of the standard ring rules, notably the reduction of the length of rounds
from three minutes to two minutes. Their use during the Inter-
Allied Games gave universal satisfaction and they achieved a standing
which very probably will result in their continued and increased
employment in the future.
WRESTLING
From the beginning of the Wrestling tourney the problem of devel-
oping competitions which would attract both Americans and other
nationalities was rendered difficult by the fact that of the two styles
of wrestling recognized, Greco-Roman was unknown to the Americans
and Catch-as-catch-can equally unknown to the other nationalities.
The difficulty was never overcome. Twenty-two Greco-Roman bouts
were staged and only seven Catch-as-catch-can. Slinger, the United
States Catch-as-catch-can bantamweight, found no opponent and
hence won undisputed championship title. Whereas, American mat-
rtien won six of the seven championships in Catch-as-catch-can wrest-
ling, other nations won six of the seven championships in the Greco-
Roman style.
Mat matches started in Pershing Stadium simultaneously with
the boxing bouts. Each day's ring card included both boxing and
wrestling. Both the Greco-Roman and the Catch-as-catch-can tour-
naments were concluded on 5 July.
Greco-Roman wrestling, which occupied the ring the greater part
of the time, is not as spectacular as the Catch-as-catch-can form of the
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 193
sport known to the American ring followers. Nevertheless the mat
matches vied with boxing in attracting interest from the ring enthusiasts
who followed the Inter-Allied Games.
Keen competition was developed in the Greco-Roman tourney.
The scarcity of entrants in the Catch-as-catch-can did not give the
American grapplers an opportunity to demonstrate their skill. Some
of the world's best men competed in the Inter-Allied ring. After the
preliminary bouts the title matches were staged. The list of the Inter-
Allied Games title holders is as follows :
CATCH-AS-CATCH-CAN
Bantamweight. — Slinger, United States, won title. No challenger
appeared.
Featherweight. — Littlejahault, |United States, defeated Taylor.
Australia .
Lightweight. — Metropolis, Uaited States, defeated Marshall, New-
foundland.
Welterweight. — Farley, United States, defeated Bridges, Australia,
Middleweight. — Prehm, United States, defeated Palmer, Australia.
Light Heavyweight. — Parcault, United States, defeated Meeske,
Australia.
Heavyweight. — -Salvator, France, defeated Polk, United States.
GRECO-ROMAN
Bantamweight. — Wiseman, United States, defeated BeUiomet,
France.
Featherweight. — Dierek, Belgium, defeated Vaglio, Italy.
Lightweight. — ^Beranek, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Parro, Italy.
Welterweight. — Halick Gzecho-Slovakia, defeated Savonet, Bel-
gium.
Middleweight. — Van 'Antwerpen, Belgium, defeated Gargano,
Italy.
Light Heavyweight. — Kopriva, Serbia, defeated Dostal, Czecho-
slovakia.
Heavyweight. — Bechard, France, defeated Coelst, Belgium.
Team scoring, as in boxing, ^ave 2 points to the nation whose
wrestler won each bout, including preliminary matches, and 1 point
13
194 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
to the nation whose man was the loser in each bout. The United
States scored 15 points to 4 points scored by Austraha the second-
place nation in the Catch-as-catch-can tourney. In the Greco-Roman
series Czecho-Slovakia and Belgium were tied for first place with
14 points each ; Italy was third with 13 points; France and the United
States were tied for fourth place with 7 points each. The complete
scoring table is as follows :
CATCH-AS-CATCH-CAN
Wins Losses Points
United States 7 1 15
Australia 4
France 1 ^ ^
Czecho-Slovakia 1 1
Newfoundland 1 1
8 7 23
Shnger, United States, won the bantamweight title when no chal-
lenger appeared. Hence no nation is credited with a loss and the
total wins and losses do not balance.
GRE co-ROM AN
Wins Losses Points
Czecho-Slovakia.
Belgium
Italy
United States. . .
France
Greece
Serbia
Roumania
6
5
5
1
2
1
2
2
4
3
5
3
2
3
14
14
13
7
7
4
4
3
22
22
66
To the individual efforts of Capt. Harry Sharpe, Red Cross, was
largely due the success of the Wrestling tournament. As director,
judge and referee he worked unceasingly for the smooth running of the
matches. He was assisted by Maj. Defigier, France, Lieut. Pellerin,
France, Lieut. Hall, U.S.A., Lt. Pikios, Greece "Jimmy" Bronson,
Y.M.C.A., Lt. "Ben" Steinel, Red Cross, and Sgt. "Joe" Levins,U.S.A.
Top left— Digger Evans, Australia, aud Johnnie Ashcr, V. S.. bantamweights. Top riyht—
Evans and Asher shaking hands before the bout. Center left— Two lightweights in action.
Center right— Opening round Evans-Asher bout. Bottom left— An exchange of blows in a
middleweight bout. Bottom Hr/?i«— Norton, U. S., and Herscovitch, Canada, in light heavy-
weight bout.
EQUITATION
AJOR honors in the riding events of the Inter-AUied Games
went to Italy. The ItaHan riders made a brilliant
showing in the two concluding features of the program
and by taking the first two places in the pairs and first
and third in the individual jumping contest, offset the initial victory
of France in the team and individual mihtary competitions.
Owing to the fundamentally military character of the Inter-AUied
Games, horse-riding competitions, long honored in army sport, were
recognized from the beginning as among the principal events of the
program. All of the competing nations manifested the greatest interest
in horseriding and, while some were prevented from competing by the
difficulty of finding the necessary mounts and of transporting them
to Paris, seven countries — America, Belgium, Hedjaz, France, Italy,
Portugal, and Roumania — entered the lists.
The great crowds which braved the rain on the first day that prize
jumping was included in the program at the Stadium, and the almost
breathless interest with which they followed the course of the riders
over the obstacles, testified to the fact that the love of horses is keen,
not only with the Parisian public but also with the rank and file of
the American Army.
The organization of the horse-riding competitions was placed by
the Games Committee in charge of Col. Henry P. Richmond. Through
the courtesy of the French Ministry of War, quarters and messing
places for the enlisted men of all competing teams, and stables for the
horses, were provided at Fort de Champigny on the hills east of the
Marne, Capt. GaUini of the French General Staff having charge of these
matters while Col. F. P. Lahm, A. S., U.S. Army, with a suitable staff,
was designated as commanding officer of the fort. The competing
officers of the Allied Armies were billetted in adjoining towns. Auto-
mobile transportation for trips to and from Paris and the Stadium
and all other desirable conveniences were provided for them, and m
the vicinity of Fort de Champigny all of the competing teams took
up their training until the days of the contests. A suitable saddling
stable, at a distance of about 1,000 yards from the Stadium, was
See pages 219 327 233 239 245 249 for equitation pictures.
198 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
placed at the disposal of the teams for use on the days when the riding
occurred in the Stadium.
The adoption of the final program for riding was delayed until
the exact number of competing nations could be known and until
an accurate judgement could be formed upon the limitations of the
Stadium for certain events. In the end it was decided that the pro-
gram should consist of four days of riding, the events themselves
to be three in number: first, the Mihtary Competition, of which the
long-distance and cross-country rides should occur on the first day
and the military prize jumping on the next day; second, prize jumping
in pairs; third, individual prize jumping. It was found that it would
be impossible to include the steeple chase in the Military competition
owing to the impracticability of arranging a suitable course in the
short time available. The omission of this picturesque and exciting
event was generally regretted.
The competitors in the program were all officers of the AUied
Armies who had been selected by their respective nations, some by
being picked out as the most favorably known among available riders
and others, as in the case of the Americans, by elimination contests.
The rules permitted them to ride either private or government-owned
horses. The minimum weight of riders in the Military competition
was placed at 165 pounds, while bitting and saddling in all of the events
were optional.
The Itafian team, reaching the practise course only two days
before the commencement of the program, entered seven riders but
had twenty mounts. France had ten competitors and nineteen ani-
mals. Belgium entered nine officers and as many horses. The three
Hedjaz entries had but one mount, Portugal one entry and one horse,
and Roumania three riders to five animals. Seven American officers
competed for the A.E.F. with nine horses. The American team gave
an unusually fine exhibition of horsemanship but were handicapped
by the lack of good mount material. They were unable to take advan-
tage of the privilege of using privately owned stock, because of the
distance from home, and had to be content with what mounts they
could pick up in the remount depots and the different organizations
of the A.E.F.
During the four days of the Competitions, the weather was excep-
tionally good save during the Military Prize Jumping competition
when a heavy downpour of rain temporarily stopped the riding.
Although the ground afterwards was almost covered with water
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 199
and the footing was rather soft and slippery the event proceeded
without apparent difiiculty.
The riding program began with the Long-distance and Cross-
country ride on 30 June. The ground was a Httle hard in some
places on the Long-distance ride but the location selected was the
best obtainable near Paris. The two courses * covered about 55 kilo-
meters. Starting at Ghennevieres, about 12 kilometers outside Paris,
the ride followed a zig-zag course to the Chateau du Piple. From
there it circled through Chatenay to Pattie d'Oie in the Bois de Meudon.
At this point began the five-kilometer Cross-country ride which had
to be completed in fifteen minutes. There were twelve jumps over
this part of the course, which was not exceptionally difficult, the
obstacles consisting chiefly of fences, ditches, and imitative stone
walls, none exceeding three feet in height or eight feet in width. The
finish point was at Croix de Berny.
The Long-distance and Cross-country ride was purely an endu-
rance test but had to be completed within four hours. The weather
was good and all the horses and nien finished in excellent condition
without undue physical strain. Every competitor finished within
the required time. Two of the Arabian team, who were unable to take
the jumps in the Cross-country because their mounts were untrained,
were eliminated but finished out the ride.
The French team supplied the day's star in Major Joseph de Soras
whose mount, Le Minotier, a 9-year-old gelding thoroughbred, led
the field in the matter of fast time, completing the course more than
three minutes ahead of any other entry. With time allowance de
Soras made the fifty-five kilometers in 3:42:5. His actual time was
3:47:41 with a total time credit of 5 minutes 36 seconds. He was
held 2 minutes by the starter in the Cross-country and 3 minutes
36 seconds at the railroad gate. Major Felip Jacob, Roumania, on
Beby, a 12-year-old Irish bay mare, was credited with 3:45:27; Lt. de
Brabanderc, Belgium, on Pilouche, 3:46:33; and Lt. Col. H. D. Cham-
berlain, A.E.F., on Nigra, 3:47:27.
The greatest sensation of the Long-distance riding was supplied
by one of the Hedjaz riders. Captain Fowzi, who at the half-way point
began to bring his little gray Arabian, Masoud, past opponent after
opponent until he landed seventh in the field. He held his own until
the Cross-country course put him out of the running. Captain Faraj
was the only one of three Hedjaz riders able to take the jumps.
Every contestant except Major Jacob, Roumania; and Captain
* See charts of courses, page 249 and insert opposite page 208.
200 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Van Welssenaers, Belgium, received the maximum number of points,
130, for the spectacular ride.
After a day's rest the same horses and riders were entered in the
third section of the Military competition, the Individual Prize Jump-
ing, which took place in the Stadium. Although rain fell intermit-
tently all through the contest the jumping was marked by brilliant
riding. Major de Soras, France, whose thoroughbred, Le Minotier,
had registered the best time over the long grind, lived up to his repu-
tation as one of the finest horsemen on the Continent by literally
lifting the big gelding into first place and coming within seven points
of the perfect 240 in spite of the adverse field conditions.
The American team captured a tie for second place and won fourth
place. Lt. Col. H. D. Chamberlain on the 7-year-old American mare.
Nigra, took the fifteen obstacles in brilliant fashion. Nigra had the
advantage of the rest of the field as she was the only entry to come
to the post before the start of the rain which left the field in a muddy
condition. Colonel Chamberlain held her well in hand and gave
a splendid exhibition of horsemanship. Lt. Col. E. Taulbee came in
on Raven for the fourth place for the A.E.F.
Some of the prettiest riding of the day was furnished by the Bel-
gian, Major Morel, who rode the skittish Miss Daisy into the tie with
Chamberlain. The Irish mare refused the brick wall and ditch. The
latter jump occasioned the downfall of nearly every rider and mount.
It was a day of exciting interest in spite of the weather and one
that stirred the enthusiasm of the spectators. At the end of the
contest the Arabian riders gave an exhibition of horsemanship and
spectacular riding.
The points in the event for the first four places were scored as
follows: de Soras, France (Le Minotier), 233; jChamberlain, U.S.A.
(Nigra), 231; Morel, Belgium (Miss Daisv), 231; Taulbee, U.S.A.
(Raven), 230. .; , ,
As a result of the three sections of the Military event, de Soras,
France, was placed first with 29.708 points; Chamberlain, U.S.A.
and Morel, Belgium, second, 29.625 points; Taulbee, U.S.A., fourth,
29.583 points. It was agreed that the tie between Chamberlain and
Morel should be decided by their respective showing in the Individual
Prize Jumping contest scheduled for 5 July. On that occasion, al-
though neither finished among the high point scorers, Colonel Cham-
berlain led the Belgian, taking second place.
The totals by teams in the Military event gave France the victory
Wrestlin" Top— Parcaut, America, versus Fristfnsky, Czecho-Slovakia—Parcaut winner.
Center Z?/<— Same— Parcaut on top. Center riff/ti— Greco-Roman— Wiseman of America
versus Piere of Italy. BoHom— Heavyweight— Colles of Belgium
ersus Poll£ of America.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 203
with 88.707. The United States was second, 88.541, and Italy third
87.832.
The Prize Jumping in pairs which took place on 3 July was the
prettiest exhibition of the Horse-riding competitions. Before the
event the captains of all competing teams were taken over the course
of the Stadium and they, in turn, took the members of their teams
over it, giving each competitor an opportunity to examine the ground,
the obstacles and the other arrangements. The Prize Jumping deve-
loped into distinctly an Italian affair, the riders from the South regis-
tering a clean-cut victory. Two of their pairs, living up to reputa-
tion and working like machines, came through for first and second
places. The ditch jump, which gave the Italian team so much worry
in the military event, no longer seemed a mental or physical hazard.
Both teams went over it in excellent form.
There was a dash of Irish in the victory as Voli, Captain Alessandro
Alvisi's 9-year-old bay gelding, was bred in the Emerald Isle, but
Otello, ridden by his team-mate, Major Giacomo AntoneUi, was Ita-
lian. This team finished first with 236. A score of 234 was regis-
tered for second place by another Irish-Italian combination, Ernani,
ridden by Major Ruggero Ubertalh, and Nabucco by Major Ettore
Caffaretti. France won third place with 231, the team being made
up of Captain Antoine Costa on Gayeuse, and Lt. Paul Larregain on
Tapageur. The American honors were upheld by Lt. Col. C. L. Ste-
venson on Raven and Major D. L. Henderson on Moses, who went
over the jumps for fourth place with a total score of 229.5. Both
horses were American bred.
The last day of the meet was taken up with the Individual Prize
Jumping and was of an exceedingly spectacular nature. The fif-
teenth and last obstacle on the course, a water jump, had been increased
to four meters in width and became a Waterloo for many of the con-
testants. No less than ten horses fell at this point and, failing to
complete the course, were eliminated, while ten others landed in the
water although not for a fall.
The event was a personal triumph for Major Ruggero Ubertalli of
Italy whose brilliant horsemanship won both first and third places
for his team. His first score, made on the 10-year-old Jrish bay
gelding, Treviso, came within one point of the perfect 240, the only
fault against him being on the dyke. Then on Ernani, Major Uber-
talli registered a clean-cut 237. Ernani is an Irish veteran of sixteen
vears service. Incidentally, the Major's other ride over the jumps on
■204 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — I9I9
Sprone was scored at 235, a mark beaten only by two other riders of
the 55 attempts. Second place went to Major Felip Jacob, Roumania,
on Beby, a 12-year-oId Irish bay mare. He scored 238, losing his
2 points at the fourth fence. As Caffaratti finished fourth, the Italian
team won four of the five first places.
On 6 July at 3:00 p. m. the following prizes were presented to the
successful competitors in the Stadium :
Silver Cup, France, 1. Bronze Medals, France, 9.
Gold Medals, Italy, 1. Bronze Medals, America, 7.
Silver Gift Medals, Italy, 2. Bronze Medals, Roumania, 1.
Bronze Medals, Italy, 12. Bronze Medals, Belgium, 1.
In addition to the general regulations governing the Horse-riding
competitions, the following general requirements and information
relative to the Long-distance and Cross-country rides and the Prize
Jumping Military competition and relative to the Prize Jumping,
individually and in pairs, were given to all competitors prior to
their entry upon the events :
LONG-DISTANCE AND CROSS-COUNTRY RIDES— PRIZE JUMPING
MILITARY COMPETITION— GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1. A map will be given each contestant or the course (road and cross-
country sections) for the Long-distance ride (55 kilometres).
2. The course for the Long-distance ride will be shown to contestants
on the 28 June, 1919. The competitors will meet at 8:30 a.m. 28 June, 1919,
at Fort de Champigny, where roll call will be held.
3. In Tests 1, 2 and 3, riders will start according to special starting list
which will be determined by drawing for places.
Riders who do not appear at the start at the time fixed, will be excluded
from the competition unless their excuses are accepted by the committee.
4. The rider must weigh out at the weighing tent not later than 20 mi-
nutes before the start.
5. On weighing out, a number will be pinned on the back of each com-
petitor by attendants who will be present for the purpose. On weighing in, this
number must be returned.
6. Five minutes before the start, the rider shall notify his presence to
the assistant starter at a point 100 metres from the starting point (cross roads
at Chennevieres).
The rider will be notified one minute before the start.
7. The starting point (Chennevieres) is marked by two (2) yellow flags.
The start shall be made on the word "Ride" being given and a yellow flag
being lowered. The time will be reckoned from this instant.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 205
8. Military guides or arrow indicators will be at all crossways, etc., to
show the way.
9. If the railway crossings at 1 and 2 (as indicated on the map) are blocked
the time lost will be deducted by a timekeeper who will be stationed at
these points for the purpose. The rider must start again as soon as the way is
clear, the deduction ceasing from this moment. A man stationed about
100 metres from the crossing will raise a flag as a signal to stop, the rider thus
halting at once. The time deduction begins with the halt, and ceases when
the flag is lowered again.
10. A competitor who rides more than seventy-five metres from the course
(Long-distance and Cross-country) will be disqualified.
11. At Patte d'Oie, the contestants must state their programme number
to the control official stationed there.
12. The starting point of the Cross-country ride is marked by two yellow
flags, between which the rider must pass and, at the same time, state his pro-
gramme number to the control official there. The taking of time for the Cross-
country ride will begin when the flags are passed.
13. The Cross-country course is marked by flags. The obstacles where
points are counted are marked by red flags, and the obstacles must be taken
between these flags.
14. The finish of the Cross-country course is marked by two yellow flags,
between which the rider must pass. His time wiU then be taken, and he must
state his programme number to the control ofiicial stationed there.
15. The finish of the Long-distance ride will be at (X) as indicated on the
map. The time will be taken when the rider passes the finish.
16. Immediately after arrival the competitor will ride to the weighing
tent to weigh in.
17. During the ride veterinary surgeons and horseshoers may be consulted
at Chateau du Piple, (X) (as indicated on the map) and Patte d'Oie, and after
passing the finish of the Cross-country course, horses can also be watered at
these points.
18. If a rider retires during the course of the ride, information must be
given to the nearest control official or judge, stating the rider's programme
number and approximate time of retirement.
19. In the event of a competitor not starting, information of the fact
should be given to the starter before 8:00 o'clock.
I. — Instructions for Competitors in Test No 3, Military Competition
(Peize Jumping Competition C) m Stadium
1. These Instructions wiU be referred to as Instructions No. 1.
2. On the 2nd day of July, at 1:30 p.m., the competitors wifi meet on foot
for rollcall at the saddling stables near the Stadium, when the starting
times will be given.
First start at 2:30 p.m.
3. Each rider shall weigh out not later than twenty minutes before the time
set for his start, and when directed will proceed to the west entrance of the
•2Q6 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Stadium and notify his presence to an assistant Master of Ceremonies stationed
thereat (This ofTicial will wear a blue ribbon marked "Official" in gold letters).
When directed by said official, the rider enters the Stadium, crosses the
bridge over the running track and proceeds to a point in front of the center of
the Tribune d'Honneur.
Attention will be sounded by a bugler stationed near this point whereupon
the riding begins.
4. On passing the starting place a flag will be lowered and time will begin
from this moment.
5. On passing the finish (marked by two flags 15 meters beyond the 15th
obstacle) a flag will be lowered at which time will be taken.
6. Upon notification of elimination or upon completion of the course each
rider will, without delay, ride directly out of the Stadium through the same
entrance used upon entering the Stadium and then proceed to the saddling
stables.
Those officers about whom there is any possibility of a tie for place should
not leave the saddhng stables until final instructions are given.
7. See Instructions for Competitors in the Prize Jumping Competition
( Individual and in Pairs) hereafter referred to as Instructions No. 2.
II. — Instructions for Competitors in the Prize Jumping Competition
(Individual and in Pairs) in Stadium
1. These Instructions will be referred to as Instructions No. 2.
2. On the 3rd and 5th days of July, at 1:30 p.m., Competitors in the Prize
Jumping competitions. III and II, will meet on foot for rollcall at the saddling
stables, when the starting times will be given.
The competitors will ride in the order given in the list.
The first rider starts on July 3rd and 5th at 2:30 p.m.
3. Each rider or pair will, when directed, proceed to the west entrance of
the Stadium and notify his or their presence to an Assistant Master of Ceremonies
(same official as on July 2nd) stationed thereat.
When directed by said official the rider or pair enter the Stadium, cross
the bridge over the running track and proceed to a point in front of the center
of the Tribune d'Honneur.
Attention will be sounded by a Bugler stationed near this point whereupon
the riding begins.
4. On passing the starting point, a flag will be lowered and time will
begin from this moment.
On passing the finish (marked by two flags 15 meters beyond obstacle No. 15)
a flag will be lowered at which moment time will be taken.
5. Upon notification of ehmination or upon completion of the course each
rider or pair wifi, without delay, ride directly out of the Stadium through the
same entrance used upon entering the Stadium and then proceed to the saddling
stables.
Those riders or pairs of riders about whom there is any possibility of a tie
for place should not leave the saddling stables until final instructions are given.
mnnnnnnmn
Cross-Oountry Courso.
Lon{;-Disla,ncc Ooursc.
5X
Courses of the liOng-Distance and Cross-Oountry Horae-Kiding Competitions.
Courses of the Long-Distance and Cross-Country Horse-Riding Competitions,
Wrestling. Top— Dostal, Czecho-Slovakia, versus Pampuri, Italy— Dostal on top. Center
left and ria/ti!— Heavyweight bouts— Basha-Dane, France, versus Fristensky, Czecho-81o-
vakia— Prance the winner. Bottom— Catch-as-catch-can—Parcaut, America, versus Fris-
tensky, Czecho-Slovakia — America on top.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 209
6. The following notes are given to elucidate the "Principles for Judging:"
a. A flying start will be made.
b. The course must be taken over Obstacle No. 1 first time around and
outside Obstacle No. 1 thereafter and always on the outside of the flags at the
end of the course.
c. Touching or knocking down the fences will be counted only if part of the
obstacle falls down.
d. At refusal or falling of the horse at a combined obstacle, the part of the
obstacle passed need not be taken again. f If, however, the rider elects to again
take the part of the obstacle passed, additional penalties acquired will be recorded.
e. If a horse stands still or refuses an obstacle and knocks down the whole
or part of it, the rider has to ride over the obstacle in the condition it is in.
/. All ditches must be taken in their whole breadth; the far side is marked
with two small flags between which the horse (or horses) must pass.
g. In case of hedges, neither touching nor knocking down will be counted.
h. No outside assistance is allowed the rider (or riders) if he falls (is unseated)
or if the horse falls, provided the competition is to be continued.
LIST OF COMPETITORS A^D HORSES IN MILITARY COMPETITION
Prog. Prog.
No. Name of Rider Country Name of Horse Letter
353 Maj. Joseph de Soras . France Le Minotier, 9y-g-tb. K
355 Lt. Paul Larregain France Brillant, 8y-g-tb-English-ch. E
354 Lt.Frangois de Rivoyre France Hebe, lly-m- 14 Anglo-Arab. T
356 Lt. Alexis Tinel France Poker, Sy-g-^ Anglo-Arab-ch. T
1,229 Capt. Faraj Hedjaz Masoud, 9y-g-Arab.
1,228 Capt. Fowzi Hedjaz
1,231 Lt. Izzet Hedjaz
949 Capt. Giulio Caccian-
dra Italy Faceto, lOy-g-b-Ireland-bay.
952 Capt. Leone Valle Italy Virginia, 9y-m-i/2B. R
948 Capt. Francesco Amalfl Italy Bifourchette, 12y-m-bI-Ireland I
946 Maj. RuggeroUbertalli Italy Gioconda, lly-m-gray-Ireland. B
771 Lt. C. Van Grichen .. . Portugal Volga, 8y-g-bay-American. G
2,127 Col. D. Soutzo Roumania Happy King, 12y-g-bay-Irel. F
2,123 Major Filip Jacob Roumania Beby, 12y-m-bay-Ireland. L
2,262 Lt. Daudouin de Bra-
bandore Belgium Pilouche, 12y-g-bay-Ireland %B G
2,261 Lt. Herman de Gaifiier. Belgium Duhaz, lly-g-bay-Ireland. J
2,267 Cmdt. Edouard Morel . ^ . ,„ r 1 ^ r>
de Westgaver Belgium Miss Daisy, 12y-m-a, Ireland. O
2,270 Capt. Pierre Van Wels- 1/13 i7„„ c
senaers Belgium Karysta, lOy-m-bay-i/gB-Eng. S
1,067 Col. B. T. Merchant... America Montabaur, 8y-g-br-American Q
1^068 Col. W. W. West, Jr. . America Prince, 7y-g-ch-American M
1.069 Lt. Col. H.D. Chamber- „ v,, a • a
' lain America Nigra, 7y-m-bl-American. A
1.070 Lt. Col. E. W. Taulbee America Raven, 8y-g-bl-American. H
D
N
210 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
SUMMARY OF SCORE FOR TRIAL 1 LONG-DISTANCE RIDE
Maximum time, 4 hours. Distance, 55 km.
S. Prog. Started Arrived Time Time Total
N. No. Name of Rider h. m. s. h. m. s. Taken Ded. Points
1 1,069 Chamberlain 8 59 42 12 47 9 3-47-27 10
2 946 Ubertalli 9 3 16 12 58 8 3-54-52 10
3; 2,262 De Brabandere 9 8 54 1 6 27 3-47-33* 10
4 1,229 Faraj 9 13 59 114 43 4-0-44* 10
5 355 Larregain 9 19 6 1 14 8 3-55- 2* 10
6 2,127 Soutzo 9 23 55 126 14 4-2-19* 10
7 771 Van Grichen 9 28 56 125 20 3-56-24 10
8 1,070 Taulbee 9 34 12 130 29 3-56-17 10
9 947 Amalfi 9 39 10 137 56 3-58-46* 10
10 2,261 De Gaiffler 9 44 16 140 57 3-56-41* 10
11 1,228 Fowzi 9 49 19 144 00 3-54-41 10
12 353 De Soras 9 54 31 142 12:3-47-41* 10
13 2,123 Jacob 9 59 00 148 27 3-49-27* 10
14 1,068 West 10 4 55 159 00 3-54-5* 10
15 949 Cacciandra 10 9 19 2 1 15 3-51-56 10
16 2,263 Morel 10 14 21 2 7 38 3-53-17 10
17 1,231 Izzet 10 19 19 2 1 10 3-51-51* 10
18 356 Tinel 10 24 21 2 20 26 3-56- 5 10
19 1,067 Merchant 10 29 39 2 2126 3-51-47* 10
20 952 Valle 10 34 41 2 29 00 3-54-19 10
21 2,264 Van Welssenaers 10 39 46 2 35 43 3-55-57 10
22 354 De Rivoyre 10 44 41 2 4124 3-56-43* 10
* No 3 held by starter. Cross-country ride, 1 minute.
* No 4 held by starter, Cross-country ride, 1 minute.
*' No 5 held at R.R., gate for 15 seconds.
* No 6 held at R.R., gate 2 minutes, 8 seconds — Additional credit of 12 sec-
onds given by Judges at finish — Total time credit, 2 minutes, 20 seconds.
* No 9 held at R.R., gate 3 minutes, 50 seconds.
* No 10 held at R.R., gate 3 minutes, 45 seconds and held by starter, Cross-
country ride 2 minutes — Total credit, 5 minutes, 45 seconds.
* No 12 held by starter. Cross-country ride, 2 minutes; held at R.R., gate
3 minutes, 36 seconds — Total credit, 5 minutes, 36 seconds.
* No 13 held by starter. Cross-country ride, 4 minutes.
* No 14 held at R.R., gate, 2 minutes, 45 seconds.
* No 17 held at R. R., gate, 2 minutes, 45 seconds.
* No 19 held by starter. Cross-country ride, 2 minutes.
* No 22 held by starter. Cross-country ride, 2 minutes.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 211
SUMMARY OF SCORE FOR TRIAL 2. — CROSS-COUNTRY RIDE.
Maximum time, 15 minutes. Maximum points, 130.
Prog. Name Started Arrived Time Deductions Total.
No. of Rider h. m. s. li. m. s. Taken TimeObstda Pts
1069 Chamberlain. 11 39 59 11 50 12 10-13 130
946 Ubertalli .... 11 57 39 12 08 23 10-44 130
2262 Brabandere.. II 59 57 12 12 24J 12-27| 130^
1229 Faraj 12 2 30 12 15 19^ 12-49 J 130^
355 Larregain ... 12 4 57 12 16 11 11-14 130
2127 Soutzo 12 20 15 12 32 17^ 12-2^ 130
771 VanGritchen. 12 15 16 12 25 37 10-21 130
1070 Taulbee 12 27 17 12 39 43 12-26 130
947 Amalfl 12 31 53 12 41 38 9-45 130
2261 De Gaiffler . . 12 34 I 12 44 36 10-35 130^
1228 Fowzi 12 29 31 12 44 23 14-52 ^
353 DeSoras.... 12 36 14 12 47 20 11-6 130^
2123 Jacob 12 38 22 12 49 38 11-16 2 128«
1068 West 12 44 9 12 55 17 11-8 130
949 Cacciandra . . 12 47 21 12 58 10-39 130
2263 Morel 12 55 50 1 04 28J 8-38^ 130
1231 Izzet 12 40 22 12 52 44 12-22 '
356 Tinel 1 6 57 1 17 56 10-59 130
1067 Merchant ... 1 9 20 1 19 23^ 10-3J 130^
952 Valle 1 18 48 1 29 lOJ 10-22^ 130
2264 Van Welsse
naers 1 25 19 1 39 34 14-15 2 128
354 De Rivoyre . 1 27 19 1 38 2H H-^i 130»
1 Held by starter 1 minute.
2 Held by starter 1 minute.
3 Held by starter 2 minutes.
* Eliminated— did not complete course.
^ Held by starter 2 minutes.
« Held by starter 4 minutes.
' Eliminated — did not complete course.
8 Held by Starter 2 minutes.
' Held by starter 2 minutes.
INDIVIDUAL PLACING AFTER TRIALS 1 AND 2 30 JUNE, 1919.
Start Prog. Total
No. No. Name of Rider Points Placing Remarks
1 1,069 Chamberlain... 20 1 United States.
2 946 Ubertalli 20 1 Italy.
3 2,262 De Brabandere 20 1 Belgium.
212 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
Start Prog. Total
No. No. Name of rider Points Placing
4 1,229 Faraj 20
5 355 Larregain 20
6 2,127 Soutzo 20
7 771 Van Gritchen.. 20
8 1,070 Taulbee 20
9 947 Amalfi 20
10 2,261 De Gaiffier .... 20
12 353 De Soras 20
14 1,068 West 20
15 949 Cacciandra 20
16 2,267 Morel 20
18 356 Tinel 20
19 1,067 Merchant 20
20 952 Valle 20
22 354 De Rivoyre ... 20
13 2,123 Jacob 19.85 2
21 2,264 VanWelssenaers 19.85 2
11 1,228 Fowzi*
17 1,231 Izzet*
1919
Remarks
Arabia.
France.
Roumania.
Portugal.
United States.
Italy.
Belgium.
France.
United States.
Italy.
Belgium.
France.
United States.
Italy.
France.
Roumania.
Belgium.
Arabia.
Arabia.
"Eliminated — did not complete Cross-country course.
Wrestling. Top— Group of American wrcstlf r.s— loft to right : Pvt. Joe Polk, Pvt. Alf
Parcaut, Pvt. Prank Sliger, Sgt. Paul Prehm, Hgt. Cal Parley. Bottom Ze/i— Savonnet of
Belgium, welterweight, winner over Banghieri of Italy. Bottom center— Parcaut, U. S., catch-
as-catch-can wrestler. Bottom rigid— Beranek, Czecho-Slovakia, winner over Mitropohs, U. S.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
215
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216
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
INDIVIDUAL PLACING AFTER TRIALS 1, 2, AND 3,
30 JUNE TO 2 JULY, 1919.
Prog. Total
No. Name of Rider Points
353 De Soras 29.708
1.069 Chamberlain 29.625
2,267 Morel 29.625
1.070 Taulbee 29.583
355 Larregain 29.541
949 Cacciandra 29.541
354 DeRivoyre 29.458
771 Van Gritchen 29.458
1.067 Merchant 29.333
952 Valle 29.333
356 Tinel 29.208
948 Amalfi 28.958
2,264 Van Welssenaers.... 28.933
1.068 West 28.917
946 Ubertalli 28.583
2,262 De Brabandere 28.541
2,261 De Gaiffier 27.958
2,127 Soutzo
2,123 Jacob
1,229 Faraj
Placing
1
2 *
2 **
4
5
5
7
7
9
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Remarks
Eliminated in Trial 3.
Eliminated in Trial 3.
Eliminated. Did not
ride in Trial 3.
It was agreed that this tie should be decided in the Prize Jumping.
Individual contest held July 5, 1919.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
217
FINAL RESULTS MILITARY COMPETITION.
S Name ^ ^ ^ ^ | ^|
£ of Rider - I ^ I ^ S^
353 De Soras 10 10 9.708 France 29708 1
355 Larregain 10 10 9.541 France 29.541 5
354 De Rivoyre 10 10 9.458 France 29.458 7
356 Tinel 10 10 9.208 France 29.208 11
1069 Chamberlain ... 10 10 9.625 U.S. 29.625 2
1070 Taulbee 10 10 9.583 U.S. 29.583 4
1067, Merchant 10 10 9.333 U.S. 29.333 9
1068 West 10 10 8.917 U.S. 28.917 14
949 Cacciandra 10 10 9.541 Italy 29.541 5
952 Valle 10 10 9.333 Italy 29.333 9
948 Amalfi 10 10 8.958 Italy 28.958 12
946 Ubertalli 10 l6 8.583 Italy 28.583 15
2267 Morel ; 10 10 9.625 Belgium 29.625 3 *
2264 Van Welssenaers 10 9.85' 9.083 Belgium 28.933 13
2262 DeBrabandere .- 10 10 8.541 Belgium 28.541 16
2261 De Gaiffier 10 10 7.958 Belgium 27.958 17
771 Van Gritchen. . . 10 10 9.458 Port'I. 29.458 7
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88.707
II 88.541
III 87.832
IV 86.099
29.458
* In the Prize Jumping Individual Contest, 5 July, 1919, in jumping
off the tie for second place, Chamberlain of United States won.
218 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
LIST OF COMPETITORS AND HORSES PRIZE JUMPING IN PAIRS 3 JULY.
Prog. Where Prog.
Number Name of Rider Country Name of Horse Foaled Letter
358 Capt! Antoine Costa. France Gayeuse, 16y-g-br. Unknown W
bay.
355 Lieut. Paul Larregain France Tapageur, 8y-g-br. Unknown X
bay.
946 Major Ruggero Uber-
talli Italy Ernani, 16y-g-bay. . Ireland Y
951 Major Ettore Caffa- Italy Nabucco, I2y - g - Italy Z
ratti gray.
1.067 Col. B. T. Merchant. America Sandy, 8y-g-sor. America AA
1.068 Col. W. W. West, Jr. America Prince, 7y-g-chi America M
354 Lieut. Frangois de Hebe, lly-m- J An- Unknown T
Rivoyre France glo-Arab-ch.
366 Lieut. Tardieu France Gamine, 7y-m-ch-J Unknown AE
Anglo- Arab.
364 Lieut. Holland France Joyeux II,12y-g Unknown AF
bay.
365 Capt. Wallon France Jolly Jockey, g- bay. Unknown AM
947 Major Giacomo Anto-
iielli Italy Otello, 9y-g-bay. Italy AJ
953 Capt. Alessandro Al-
^*^' Italy Voli, 9y-g-bay. Ireland AK
1.073 Lt. Col. C. L. Ste - America Raven, 8y-g-bl. America H
venson
Major D. L. Hender-
1.074 son America Moses, 14y-g-ch. America AX
Top left — Italian riding team. Top center — Colonfl Soutzo of Roumnnia. Top right — Italian
contestants. Center — United States riding team. Bottom fe/<— Lieut, de Bivoyre and
Lieut. Tardieux o£ Prance. Bottom right — Capt. Wullon and Lieut. EoUand of Prance.
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222
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
LIST OF COMPETITORS AND HORSES PRIZE JUMPING — INDIVIDUAL (ll)
Prog.
No.
358
359
360
361
948
949
951
954
Name of Rider Country
Capt. Antoine Costa. France
Capt. Franck Tisnes. France
Capt. Jacques des
Moutis France
Capt. August De Lais-
sardiere France
356 Lt. Alexis Tinel .
France
363 Capt. Count Leonard France
de Mezamat de Lisle
771 Lt. C. Van Gritchen . Portugal
946 Major R. Ubertalli . . Italy
947 Major G. Antonelli. . . Italy
Capt. F. Amalfi Italy
Capt. G. Cacciandra. Italy
Major E. Caffaratti.. Italy
Capt. Guado Luigi.. Italy
1,067 Col. B. T. Merchant. America
Name of Horse
Joyeux, 16y-g-bay.
Tapageur, 8y-g-bay.
Jacobine, 12y-m-ch.
Farceur, 16y-g-bay.
Ugolin, lOy-g-L bay
Fol-Espoir,lIy-g-ch.
Energique, lly-g
ch tb.
Othello, 16y-g-dk
bay.
Loot, 7y-g-br, bay.
Jap, lOy-g-ch.
Le Minotier, tb.
Hebe, lly-m-J AA.
Poker, 8y-g-chJ AA.
Noiraud, 8y-g-bl.
Brilliant, 8y-g-ch tb
Caporal, 12y-g-dk.
ch-J AA.
Volga, 8y-g-bay.
Sprone, 8y-g-bay.
Ernani, 16y-g-bay.
Treviso, lOy-g-bay.
Ta-Pum, 9y-g-sor.
Gin-Gin, 9y-g.
Otello, 9y-g-bay.
Martellini, lly-g.
Dodi, lly-g-bay.
Margherita, lOy-m-
bay.
Faceto, lOy-g-bay.
Claudine, lOy-n-bay
Scimmiotto, lly-g-
bay.
Nabucco, 12y-g-gry
Neructio, I2y-g-bl.
Enea, 6y-m-bay-tb.
Piave,
Virginia, 9y-m-bay-
ib
Montabaur, 7y-g-br
Sandy, 8y-g-sor.
Where
Foaled
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Unknown
Norfolk
Prog.
Letter
AF
X
BP
AG
BD
BI
England AQ
Unknown
AV
Normand
BK
Unknown
BR
English
BT
Unknown
T
Unknown
P
Unknown
AY
England
BN
Unknown
BU
American
G
Ireland
BS
Ireland
Y
Ireland
BO
Ireland
AN
Ireland
BD
Italian
AJ
Ireland
AS
Ireland
AI
Ireland
BW
Ireland
N
Ireland
DL
Ireland
BV
Italian
Z
Ireland
BF
Unknown
BS
Ireland
BE
Unknown
BM
America
America
AA
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 223
Prog- Where Prog.
No. Name of Rider Country Name of Horse Foaled Letter
1.068 Col. W. W. West, Jr. America Prince, 7y-g-ch. America M
America Sam Browne, 8y-g-b America BC
1.069 Lt. Col. H. D. Cham-
berlain America Nigra, 7y-m-bl. America A
1,074 Maj. D.L.Henderson. America Moses, 14y-g-ch. America AX
1,076 Lt. Van C. White . . . America Chief, 7y-g-ch. America AT
2.123 Major Filip Jacob. . . Rouman. Beby, 12y-m-bay. Ireland L
Lady's Horse I2y-
g-bay. Ireland BH
2,127 Col. D. Soutzo Rounian. Happy King, 12y-g-
bay. Ireland F
2.124 Maj. N. Madancovici. Rouman. Flirt, 12y-m-sor. Ireland AD
2,242 Lt. Col. C.L.Stevenson America Lady Helen, gy-m-
bay. American BJ
Raven, 8y-g-bl. American H
2,263 Cmdt. Herman d'Oul-
tremont Belgium Miss, 12y-m-bay. Ireland AL
Kitchner, 14y-g-
bay. Ireland U
2,265 Lt. F. de la Serna. Belgium Arsinoe, 9y-m-bay. Ireland AW
2,268 Lt. Henri Laame ... . Belgium Biscuit, 14y-g-bay. Ireland AR
2.270 Capt. Pierre Van
Welssenaers Belgium Karysta, lOy-m-J br. England S
2.271 Capt. Edouard Morel Belgium Miss Daisy, 12y-m-
deWestgaver bay. Inland O
2.272 Capt. Nicholas Le Belgium Vif- Argent, ]2y-g-
Roy bay. Ireland AR
2,290 Lt. Gh. Sodir Rouman. Tarola, 12y-m-bl. Ireland AU
224
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
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PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
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Top leit—Ueut. Van Gritchen of Portugal. Top right—Ueiit. de Uaiffler of Belgiuiii.
Center— Q&pt. Costa and Lieut. Larregain of France. Bottom left— Capt. \ alle of Italy.
Bottom right— Lieut. Tinel of France-.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 229
2. Individual Placing in Military Competition.
First— 353 Major Joseph de Soras, .
France Points, 29.708
Second— 1069 Lt. Col. H. D. Chamberlain,
America " 29.625
Third- 2267 Comdt. Edouard Morel de '
Westgaver, Belgium " 29.625
II. Prize Jumping— in Pairs.
First—
947 — Major Giacomo AntonelH - Italy ^ rp , ,
953 - Captain Alessandro Alvisi - Italy j ^"^^^ P'''"'''' ^^^•
Second —
946 - Major Ruggero UbertalH - Italy (
951 - Major Ettore Caffaratti - Italy | ^"^^^^ ^*^'''^®' ^*'
Third—
358 - Captain Antoine Costa - France \ m x i r. • i. r.r,i
oco T- t n IT • r. Total Points, 231.
353 - Lieut. Paul Larregain - France |
III. Prize Jumping — Individual.
First—
946 - Major Ruggero Ubertalli - Italy. Total Points, 239.
(Riding Treviso)
Second —
2123 - Major Filip Jacob - Roumania. Total Points, 238.
(Riding Beby)
Third—
946 - Major Ruggero Ubertalli - Italy. Total Points, 237.
(Riding Ernani).
FENCING
o France went the premier honors in the three Fencing events
of the Inter-Allied Games program, the fencers of the Tricolor
winning three out of the six possible championships which
the Games program offered.
Italy took second place and Belgium third in the matter of cham-
pionships, the Italians winning two titles and the Belgians one. France
took team honors by winning two of the team championships while
the individual titles were evenly divided between the three countries
named.
Nine nations participated in the competition which lasted through-
out the Games with matches set for practically every morning and
afternoon. With one or two exceptions, the fencers of each nation,
at one time or another during the events, took high place among the
leaders. Portugal was the strongest of those countries which did not
finally capture championships. Her saber team made a powerful
effort for the title, losing in the finals to the Italian champions.
The Portuguese epee team also went into the finals, losing to France.
Her individual contestants always stood high in the single honors.
Roumania, Czecho-Slovakia, and Greece presented fencers to be
reckoned with in every contest. America and Poland, the latter with
but a single entry, seldom went beyond preliminary rounds.
An Italian was the individual star of the Games though he never
succeeded in winning a championship for himself. Aldo Nadi partici-
pated in all save one of the six events and he was a factor in every
contest. His work in the individual saber competition, during the
early part of the match, marked him as a probable winner until an
unfortunate accident unnerved him for the following matches. De
Strooper of Belgium was a consistent fencer. Nedo Nadi, brother
of Aldo Nadi and a more brilliant fencer than the younger Italian, did
not participate in as many events, but made a name for himself during
the Games.
As in previous world's fencing meets, the usual conflict between
the French and the Italian schools was presented during the Games
events. The French school, by reason of its own success and that
See page 257 for fencing pictures.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 231
of its follower, Belgium, scored a distinct victory so far as this meet
was concerned. Portugal's work, following Italian instruction, was
a vindication of Latin tenets in fencing, but it is certain that the experi-
ences of the 1919 Games will have little effect in persuading either
nation, or school, to change its systems or its beliefs.
No nation competing presented its strongest possible team. Italy
brought to the Games a squad composed entirely of amateur fencers,
the supposition being that no professionals would compete. Puliti,
one of the best of the Italian team, had not been in training for many
years. Three of France's best fencers were sick during the days of
the Games. The ravages of war had thinned the ranks of Belgian,
Roumanian and Czecho-Slovakian fencers. America's team was com-
posed principally of novices and repeated failures to appear at matches
caused many unnecessary forfeitures by the United States team.
The Italian squad was small and the strenuous competition so taxed
the strength of its members that on several days the entire Italian
team was out of the competition. France, on the other hand, pre-
sented different fencers for different events and in this way was able
to pit fresh and strong men against tired and, on several occasionsi
injured men.
Following the two foils competitions an attempt was made to stage
the Fencing matches in the arena of Pershing Stadium. But constant
rains made footing on the improvised platform uncertain and as a
result practically the whole of the Fencing meet was held in the halls
of the Ecole de Joinville. These small rooms furnished little accom-
modation for spectators and those who closely followed the progress
of the Games were forced to rely almost entirely on the newspapers
for their information on Fencing. In spite of these difficulties praise
for the management of the events was unanimous.
The team foils competition presented the closest contest and the
hardest fighting of any of the Fencing events. Italy and France defeated
their opponents in the early rounds and met one another in the finals.
The French team led throughout the struggle and it was not until
the last match that the Italians tied the score. It then became neces-
sary to make a count of touches in order to decide the championship
and here also France won by a very small margin. These two nations
duphcated their excellent team play achievements by taking prac-
tically all places in the individual events. The brilhant Nedo Nadi,
with his brother, won first and fourth places for the Italians while
French fencers took second, third, fifth, seventh and eighth places.
232 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The strenuous play with its resultant bruises kept Italy out of the
team play in the epee event. The epee, distinctly a French weapon,
proved the stronghold for the Tricolor and both championships
were won. Portugal was bested in the finals of the team play and
Laurent won the individual event.
The Italians proved winners in the team saber matches, winning
with the weapon which they have favored for many years. A Belgian,
however, won the individual honors with this peculiarly Italian weapon.
The following are the summaries of the three fencing features as
carried through during the two weeks of the Games.
TEAM CHAMPIONSHIPS
Foil: Trials — Roumania 19, America 3.
Semi-finals — France 19, Belgium 3.
Italy 19, Roumania 17.
Finals— France 18, Italy 18.
(Tie decided by a count of touches which gave France the decision 127 to 125)
Epee: Trials — Roumania 17, Greece 15.
Portugal 17, Czecho-SIovakia 11.
Semi-finals — Portugal 16, Belgium 9.
France 9, Roumania 6.
Finals— France 17, Portugal 10.
Saber: Trials — Greece 19, America 12.
France 19, Czecho-SIovakia 8.
Italy 19, Belgium 8.
Semi-finals— Portugal 19, Greece 10.
Italy 19, France 11.
Finals— Italy 19, Portugal 8.
INDIVIDUAL CHAMPIONSHIPS
Foil: Trial Pools— 1st Pool— Aldo Nadi, Italy, first;
Andrieux, France, second;
Van de Wiele, Belgium, third ;
Atanasiu, Roumania, fourth.
2nd Pool— Piquemal, France, first;
Deladrier, France, second;
Gesarano, Italy, third;
Theodoreau, Roumania, fourth.
Top left — Capt. Van Valsr-ner of Bflgium riding ., _
•Capt. Cacciandra of Italy. Center left — Col. Merchant and
right — Italian riding contestants. Bottom left — Lieut. Col. T;
Lieut, de Bivoyre of Fra
Karysta, his favorite. Top right —
Col. West of America. Center
Taulbee of America. Bottom right —
nee.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 235
3rd Pool — Gauthier, France, first ;
Nedo Nadi, Italy, second;
De Strooper, Belgium, third;
Cavianu, Roumania, fourth.
4th Pool— Puliti, Italy, first;
Renon, France, second;
Hugnet, France, third;
Gheorghiu, Roumania, fourth.
Semi-final Pools — 1st Pool — Nedo Nadi, Italy, first;
Gauthier, France, second;
Andrieux, France, third;
De Strooper, Belgium, fourth.
2nd Pool — Piquemal, France, first ;
Aldo Nadi, Italy, second;
Hugnet, France, third;
Renon, France, fourth.
Final Pool — Nedo Nadi, Italy, first, Champion ;
Piquemal, France, second;
Gauthier, France, third;
Aldo Nadi, Italy, fourth;
Renon, France, fifth;
De Strooper, Belgium, sixth;
Andrieux, France, seventh;
Hugnet, France, forfeited.
Epee: Trial Pools— 1st Pool— Piquemal, France, first;
De Strooper, Belgium, second;
Botassis, Italy, and Pfeiffer, Czecho-
slovakia, tied for third.
2nd Pool— Laurent, France, and Feyerick, Belgium,
tied for first;
Zavkadis, Greece, and Svorcki, Czecho-
slovakia, tied for third.
3rd Pool — Cornereau, France, first;
Gevers, Belgium, second;
Valaoritis, Greece, third;
Piava, Portugal, fourth.
4th Pool— Anspach, Belgium, and Delerce, France,
tied for first;
Aldo Nadi, Italy, third;
Triantiafilicos, Greece, fourth;
-236
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
5th Pool— Ochs, Belgium, first ;
Hugnet, France, second;
Urbani, Italy, third;
Skotidas, Greece, fourth.
6th Pool— Tom, Belgium, and de St. Germain,
France, tied for first ;
Paredes, Portugal, third;
Nunes, Italy, fourth.
7th Pool — Mascarehas, Portugal, first;
Garbere, France, second;
Delongueville, Belgium, third;
Notaris, Greece, fourth.
8th Pool — Schmalzer, France, first;
Durao, Portugal, second;
Zalacostas, Greece, third;
Stephens, America, fourth.
Preliminary Pools — 1st Pool — Laurent, France, first;
Gardere, France, and Feyerick, Belgium,
tied for second;
Tom, Belgium, fourth.
2nd Pool — Hugnet, France, Nunes, Italy, and De-
lerce, France, tied for first;
Ochs, Belgium, fourth.
3rd Pool — Piquemal, France, first;
Aldo Nadi, Italy, second;
Gornereau, France, third;
Piava, Portugal, fourth.
4th Pool — De St-Germain, France, first;
Paredes, Portugal, second;
Schmalzer, France, third;
Anspach, Belgium, fourth.
Semi-final Pools — 1st Pool — Gornereau, France, first;
Piava, Portugal, Anspach, Belgium, and
Delerce, France, tied for second.
2nd Pool — Laurent, France, and Feyerick, Belgium,
tied for first;
Nunes, Italy, and Paredes, Portugal, tied
for third.
Final Pool — Laurent, France, first, Ghampion;
Piava, Portugal, second;
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 237
Delerce, France, and Cornereau, France,
tied for third;
Feyerick, Belgium, fifth;
Nunes, Italy, and Paredes, Portugal,
tied for sixth ;
Anspach, Belgium, eighth.
Safccr: Trial Pools — 1st Pool — Gillens, Belgium, first;
Svorcki, Gzecho-Slovakia, second;
Bias, Portugal, third ;
Peredon, France, fourth.
2nd Pool— Aldo Nadi, Italy, first;
Mondielle, France, second;
Tom, Belgium, and Zavkadis, Greece,
tied for third.
3rd Pool — Collin, France, and De Strooper, Bel-
gium, tied for first;
Puliti, Italy, third;
Cipera, Gzecho-Slovakia, fourth.
4th Pool — Piron, Belgium, Ancel, France, and Oli-
vieirs, Portugal, tied for qualification.
Semi-final Pools — 1st Pool — Puliti, Italy, and Gillens, Belgium, tied
for first;
Peredon, France, third;
Cipera, Gzecho-Slovakia, fourth;
2nd Pool — Aldo Nadi, Italy, and De Strooper, Bel-
gium, tied for first;
Ancel, France, third;
Zavkadis, Greece, fourth.
Final Pool — Gillens, Belgium, first. Champion ;
Ancel, France, second;
Cipera, Gzecho-Slovakia, and Peredon,
France, tied for third;
Aldo Nadi, Italy, and De Strooper, Bel-
gium, tied for fifth;
Puliti, Italy, seventh;
Zavkadis, Greece, eighth.
%i:^%^K^
FOOTBALL
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^m^^smmammm
RUGBY
SERIES of three games was played between teams repre-
senting France, Roumania and the United States, France
took the championship, defeating both Roumania and the
United States, while the United States, by a victory over
j^oumania, took second place.
England, the home of Rugby, and the British Dominions, which
have given to the game some of its most noted exponents, did not send
entries.
The French presented a team of experienced players, all of whom
had participated in international series against teams from England,
Wales and New Zealand. The Roumanians likewise sent an excellent
team composed of players from Rugby clubs of Bucharest.
The American team was assembled from the Army by Captain
Herbert R. Stolz, M.G. It included California college players and two
members who had played Rugby at English universities.
All games were played at Colombes Field. The English Rugby
Union rules governed.
In the first contest France defeated Roumania by a score of
48 to 5. The teams played an even game for the first fifteen minutes
after which the Roumanians weakened and allowed France to score
six goals and six tries. In the second half the Roumanians showed a
flash of form and scored a well-earned goal.
The second contest, played between Roumania and the United
States, resulted in a victory for the United States by a score of 23 to 0.
The superior weight and physical condition of the Americans counted
in their favor. The Americans scored four goals and one try.
The final game, in which France and the United States met to
decide the championship of the Inter-Allied Games, resulted in a memor-
able struggle. Against the science and experience of the French the
Americans pitted their youth, perfect physical condition and an extreme
eagerness to win.
The Americans opened the game with a rush and kept the offensive
durmg the first half, the French appearing overawed by the vigor of
See pages 265 273 281 289 297 for football pictures.
Top left— liieut. Colonel Chamberlain of America. Top right— Jjiout. de Bivoyre of France.
Center— General Blague-Belair of France, senior judge in horse-riding competition. Bottom
left— liient. Colonel Chamberlain of America. Bottom right—Majoi Ubertalli and Major
Caffaratti of Italy.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 241
their opponents' attack. Most of the play during this half was in the
French in-goal territory. The half ended without a score.
The Americans scored first in the second half. A fine dribbling
rush brought the ball down from midfield and Clock made the try.
Hauser attempted to make it a goal but the angle was too great.
The French, nothing daunted, came back and scored within a few
minutes. A series of kicks brought the ball within striking distance
and Struxiano carried it over. He likewise kiqked goal. Score:
France 5, United States 3.
An offside by the Americans enabled the French to improve their
score, Struxiano making a successful free kick.
The Americans individually played star games, but having had
only six weeks' team practice, they were unable to overcome the advan-
tage of longer training and experience which the French had. Under
these circumstances it was a commendable achievement for the Ameri-
cans to hold the French team to a low score, and the French sport
writers, in their accounts of the game, paid tribute to the athletic
prowess and enthusiasm of the Americans which enabled them, with
but a short period of intensive training, to match more experienced
opponents.
A crowd of about 5,000 persons witnessed the game, and
the enthusiasm and interest with which they followed the play in-
dicated the popularity of Rugby in France.
THE GAMES
23 June, 1919— France, 6 goals, 6 tries Total 48
vs
Roumania, 1 goal Total 5
26 June, 1919— United States, 4 goals, 1 try Total 23
vs
Roumania Total 00
29 June, 1919 France, 1 goal, 1 free kick Total 8
vs
United States, 1 try Total 3
SOCCER
The Czecho-Slovakian Republic, represented by the former City-of-
Prague eleven, won the Soccer championship from the seven other
teams entered in the Inter-Allied Games. This team had established
an enviable reputation before the war and its victory caused little
16
242 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
surprise to the followers of this great European sport. France was
the runner-up in the tournament. Italy and Belgium tied for third
place.
No sport attracted more interest than did the well-played Soccer
games. The French — and in fact practically the entire European
population — know Soccer as the American people know baseball and
appreciate the finer points of the game. Although several of the
contests lasted until almost dark the stands were practically filled until
the final whistle blew in each game.
The eight entrant countries were divided by the rules of the tourney
into two groups. The drawings resulted in the following division :
Group A — France, Italy, Greece, Roumania ; Group B — Czecho-Slo-
vakia, Belgium, United States, Canada. In each group each team
played each of the other teams one game. The winners in the two
groups played for the championship.
The play started on 24 June and was concluded on 29 June. The
results of the preliminary group matches and the standing of the teams
prior to the championship games were as follows :
24 June — France 4, Roumania 0.
Czecho-SIovakia 4, Belgium 1.
25 June — United States 5, Canada 4.
Italy 9, Greece 0.
26 June — Italy 7, Roumania 1.
Belgium 5, Canada 2.
France 11, Greece 0.
Czecho-SIovakia 8, United States 2.
28 June — -Belgium 7, United States 0.
France 2, Italy 0.
Czecho-SIovakia 3, Canada 2.
Greece 3, Roumania 2.
Group A Won Lost P.C. Group B Won
France.... 3 1.000 Czecho-SIovakia. 3
Italy 2 1 666 Belgium 2
Greece ... 1 2 333 United States ... 1
Roumania. 3 000 Canada
The game between Czecho-SIovakia and France, which decided the
championship, was played Sunday 29 June before a crowd that packed
the big Stadium. There were no more ardent fans present than the
American soldiers and at the conclusion of the game they carried Janda,
Lost
P.C.
1.000
1
666
2
333
3
000
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 243
the hard playing Czecho-Slovak forward, from the field on their shoul-
ders. Janda, by his aggressiveness and good sportsmanship, became
one of the most popular players of the tournament.
The final score was 3 to 2 goals. France led at midtime 2 to 1 and
maintained that lead until the game's eleventh hour. A shift in the
regular Czecho-Slovak lineup had put Janda in the backfield with a
new man, Gerveny, in his place on the forward line. The second half
saw Janda back in his regular position at inside right and from then
on the team hit its stride.
France hotly contested the Czecho-Slovakia bid for supremacy.
The addition of the Gastiger brothers, Langenove, Devic and Deydier
had greatly strengthened the team's lineup. Chayrigues, in the
French goal, put up a spectacular game and electrified the stands
with his brilliant stops. The contest developed into a battle between
the Czecho-Slovak forward line and the French defense. Chayrigues'
phenomenal play and the long kicks of Gueblin, the husky French back,
all but defeated the brilliant attack of the skilful Czecho-Slovak for-
ward line. Besides the wonderful work of Janda, the shifty playing
of Pilat at center was a big factor in giving the victory to Czecho-Slo-
vakia.
The Czecho-Slovak team was schooled for several years by "Johnnie"
Madden, the Scotch international player. With his corn-cob pipe in
his mouth, "Johnnie" watched his charges from the sidelines through-
out the series. No one followed the play with keener or more criti-
cal eye than he. Nor did any receive the victory in the final game
more joyfully than the little Scotchman.
The lineup of the Czecho-Slovak team was as follows: Peyr, goal
Pospisil, left fullback; Hojer, right fullback; Pesek, left halfback
Fivebr, center halfback; Loos, right halfback; Prosek, outside left
Vanik, inside left; Pilat, center; Janda, inside right; Sedlacek, out-
side right. In the final game Klapka played goal in place of Peyr,
Janda and Gerveny played at right fullback in place of Hojer, Vlk
played right half back in place of Loos.
GOLF
N the Inter-Allied Golf tournament was made the first
serious effort ever attempted to bring together, in Olym-
pic form, golfers from every nation which classes the game
as one of its sports.
The Inter-Allied gathering at La Boulie links, almost within the
shadow of the historic Palace of Versailles, near Paris, will probably
be the predecessor of Olympic golf. During recent years the world's
golfing enthusiasts have discussed around the "19th hole" the possi-
bility of placing golf on an Olympic status. But the Olympic games,
with their wide appeal to the devotees of other sports, have come and
gone and still golf was absent from the roll. Prophets of the future
in the Scottish game believe that the Inter-Allied golf tourney was
the opening wedge for placing golf in the 1920 Olympics. America,
Great Britain and France hold annual open tournaments in which
players from other countries are eligible as entries. Each tourney
in itself constitutes, therefore, a sort of minor Olympic, for it is the
custom of other countries to send a few of their mightiest wielders
of the iron-tipped clubs to the various open events. Such tournaments,
however, are not true international events, but rather home matches
which are usually won by the home players.
The idea of interallied golf sprang from the chance gathering of
golfers from the AUied Armies who, after the coming of peace, met
upon various links to indulge in their favorite sport. In April, 1919,
on the sunny Cannes links at Nice, the American Expeditionary Forces
held a tourney of their own with 130 entries. Later Great Britain
staged an Army golf tournament and France has also held an informal
"welcome home" for the Tricolor golfers.
When the American army golfing event occurred plans were made
to hold a match between golfers representing the A.E.F. on the one
hand and the British overseas forces on the other. But France also
signified her desire to participate for, despite war's ravages among
the men of the nation, there was still an excellent array of first-class
players capable of representing the Tricolor. The proposed event
thus began to assume an international aspect and all other AUied
nations were invited to take part.
See pages 305 313 for golf pictures.
Horse riding. Top — Fi'cnch team. BoUom — Group o£ Australian contestants, Military
offlcers and Games officials.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 247
The fact that the Golf tourney did not begin until late in the Inter-
Allied Games program, 2 July, obhged several prominent golfers
belonging to various overseas organizations to forego participation
in the matches. In spite of this fact, the players of three nations
met upon the La Boulie links on the opening day in team matches,
eight picked men in each team representing respectively Great Britain,
France and America. Under all the circumstances this result was a
worthy achievement on the part of those who had arranged the Inter-
Allied meet, the organization of which had not even been begun until
late in April.
The first men for the American team to arrive in Paris were Sgt.
William Rautenbush, A.E.F. champion, and Lt. H. R. Walton. Lt.
Harry Davis, ex-Panama-Pacific champion, became the third member
of the squad. Within three weeks a presentable list of American
golfers was in Paris. In addition to those already mentioned they
were: Col. G. C. Haskell, Capt. W. S. Greene, Gapt. C. W. Middleton,
Lt. F. 0. Morse, Lt. Harlow Hurley, Lt. S. N. Pierson, Sgt. A. M. Bart-
lett, Sgt. Pearl 0. Hart, Sgt. George H. Reid, Sgt. James Beveridge,
and Cpl. E. L. Davison.
With the American squad established on the links and practicing
several times each week, efforts were begun to gather teams from
other countries. France chose her most prominent professional
golfers, several of them with continental reputations. The Tricolor
hneup was : Arnaud Massy, Jean Gassiat, Maurice Dauge, Rene Gohas,
his brother Gustave Golias, M. Gommier, Marius Gavallo, J. Vogliano,
A. Bernard, M. LafFite, M. Loth and M. Boudiac.
It was announced that England couldnot enter a team if the matches
were to begin at the same time as the Inter-Allied Games — 22 June.
So, although golf was originally intended to start at La Bouhe on
24 June and to finish on 4 July, the dates were changed to 2 July for
the opening and 12 July for the closing.
The British team consisted of professional players, the majority
of whom were instructors in golf on French courses. The members
were: W. W. Marks, J. LaFoUy, 0. Martin-Smith, J. Weatherby,
Harry Fulford, A. Tingey, Aubrey Boomer and his brother Percy.
As the teams in the team matches were each to consist of eight
men only, the American squad held an elimination tourney at La Boulie
with the result that the following were picked to represent the A.E.F.
in the team event& : Capt. C. W. Middleton, Lt. Harry Davis, Lt,
248 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
H. R. Walton, Lt. F. 0. Morse, Lt. Harlow Hurley, Lt. S. N. Pierson,
Sgt. William Rautenbush, Sgt. Pearl 0. Hart and Sgt. A. M. Rartlett,
the latter being a substitute.
France got a bye in the draw for play and America met the English
players on the opening day, 2 July. Four four-ball matches were
played in the morning with singles making up the program of the
afternoon. American players were the winners by securing victories
in three four-ball matches and winning four of the eight singles
matches.
The totals: America 7, Great Britain 5.
The summary: Four-ball matches — La Folly and Marks, Great
Britain, defeated Pierson and Middleton, America, 3-2; Hart and Morse,
America, defeated Martin-Smith and Weatherby, Great Britain, 5-4;
Walton and Hurley, America, defeated Fulford and Tingey, Great
Britain, 4-2; Davis and Rautenbush, America, defeated Boomer
brothers, Great Britain, 1 up. Singles — Marks, Great Britain, defeated
Middleton, America, 5-4; La Folly, Great Britain, defeated Pierson,
America, 2-1 ; Morse, America, defeated Weatherby, Great Britain,
4-2; Hart, America, defeated Martin-Smith, Great Britain, 4-3; Hurley,
America, defeated Tingey, Great Britain, 1 up; Fulford, Great Britain,
defeated Walton, America, 2 up., Rautenbush, America, defeated
P. Boomer, Great Britain, 3-1; A. Boomer, Great Britain, defeated
Davis, America, 3-2.
Next day America and France met, France taking three matches
in the four-ball play in the forenoon and winning five of the singles
events in the afternoon. One of the chief features of this day's play
was the defeat of Massy and Gassiat, reputed France's best players,
by Lt. Davis and Sgt. Rautenbush, who were paired for the day.
But both the Americans went down to defeat in the singles matches
in the afternoon to the same players.
The totals: France 8, America 4.
The summary: Four-ball matches— R. Golias and Cavallo, France,
defeated Bartlett and Morse, America, 6-5; Gommier and Bomboudiac,
France, defeated Hart and Pierson, America, 3-2; Laffite and Dauge,
France, defeated Walton and Huriey, America, 5-4; Davis and Rau-
tenbush, America, defeated Massy and Gassiat, France, 2-1. Singles
— Gohas, France, defeated Bartlett, America, 6-4; Pierson, America,
defeated Cavallo, France, 2-1; Hart, America, defeated Gommier,
France, 5-4; Bomboudiac, France, defeated Morse, America, 6-5;
Walton, America, defeated Laffite, France, 1 up 20 holes; Dauge,
I
i
(30
^1
51 i:
/
"r-
\
V
t'^ 5 " I c
250 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
France, defeated Hurley, America, 1 up 19 holes; Gassiat, France,
defeated Davis, America, 5-3; Massy, France, defeated Rautenbush,
America, 4-3.
The victory gave the French team the team championship of the
Inter- Allied Golf matches.
The 3, 4 and 5 July were leisure days for the golfers but on 6 July
the individual championships commenced with a qualifying round
of 18 holes. The next day another qualifying round was held, the
sixteen best totals for the two days' play being entered in the individual
championships. In the qualifying rounds each nation was permitted
to have as many as twelve players. France had eleven men, as did
America, but only five British players appeared.
Rainstorms deluged the links for the two days of the qualifying
rounds making it difficult for the players to get their stance and the
putting greens were heavy. This reduced the scores to a considerable
degree. One of the results of the storms was to disqualify from fur-
ther play the Boomer brothers of England, who failed to appear upon
the first tee within the appointed time limit. Both were among the
first sixteen scores, A. Boomer having a total of 164 and his brother
Percy 165.
The summary of the qualifying rounds, with eight French golfers,
seven Americans, and one English player constituting the first sixteen,
follows :
Name First round Second round Total
Gassiat (F.) 78 74 152
Dauge(F.) 76 78 154
R. Golias (F.) ... 81 75 156
Gommier (F.) ... 78 80 158
Massy (F.) 82 77 159
Rautenbush (A.) . 80 80 160
Bomboudiac (F.). 85 77 i62
Bartlett (A.) .... 82 81 163
Walton (A.) 84 81 165
G. Golias (F.) ... 80 85 165
f^art (A.) 84 82 166
Davis (A.) 84 82 166
Hurley (A.) 86 81 167
Gavallo (F.) 87 81 168
LaFolly (G.B.) .. 87 82 169
Pierson (A.) 88 82 170
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 251
Loth(F.) 89 83 172
Bernard (F.) 87 85 172
Warren (G.B.) .. . 90 84 174
Vogliano (F.) .... 91 91 182
Marks (G.B.) .... 89 94 183
Davison (A.) 94 90 184
George H. Reid, C. W. Middleton and W. S. Greene, Americans,
dropped out of further play. Sergeant Beveridge, an American who
was eliminated in the American tryouts, was appointed official scorer.
The French players showed their strength in the next day's games
— the first round of match play for the individual championship —
and as a result Massy, holding a 70 for the forenoon round, had his
opponent, Hart, American, well down at the turn. Massy won 13-12.
Gassiat, another French player, also showed a card of 70 and defeated
his American opponent, Pierson, 15-14.
Only two Americans survived the rounds of the 36 holes, 18 holes
both morning and afternoon. They were Lieutenants Davis and
Walton. It was peculiarly unfortunate for America that the draw
had forced Davis to play Rautenbush and Walton to meet Bartlett,
as the quartet constituted America's "big four." England's repre-
sentative was eliminated by default. Six Frenchmen still remained
in the game.
The summary : Massy, France, defeated Hart, America, 13-12;
Bomboudiac, France, defeated R. Golias, France, 1 up; G. Golias,
France, defeated Cavallo, France, 4-3; Gommier, France, defeated
Hurley, America, 2 up; Gassiat, France, defeated Pierson, America,
15-14; Davis, America, defeated Rautenbush, America, 5-3; Walton,
America, defeated Bartlett, America, 3-2; Dauge, France, defeated La
Folly, Great Britain, by default.
Massy's round of 70 follows :
Out 4 4 3 5 5 3 5 4 4 37
In 3 5 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 33 - 70
The following day the American player, Davis, found himself
matched with Gommier, and Walton met Dauge. The Walton-Dauge
match was the best of the tourney. Walton carried Dauge through
forty holes before the French player was able to win. Throughout
the morning round Walton was far the better shot, being 4 up at
the mid-day turn of 18 holes. But Dauge found himself in the after-
noon and squared the match on the 36th hole.
Davis lacked his usual putting ability and Gommier took the match
7 and 6 to play.
252 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The summary : Dauge, France, defeated Walton, America, 1 up
40 holes; Gommier, France, defeated Davis, America, 7-6; Massy,
France, defeated G. Golias, France, 3-2; Gassiat, France, defeated
Bomboudiac, France, 7-6.
In the semifinals, with only four French players left to fight for
the supreme honors, Massy won the feature match of the day against
Gassiat by 2 up. Gassiat is a figure in continental golf, having held
the French open championship and also that of Spain. The match
was a close event with Massy at all times in the lead. Dauge found
an easy victory in his match with Gommier, winning 10-9.
The summary: Massy, France, defeated Gassiat, France, 2 up;
Dauge, France, defeated Gommier, France, 10-9.
The finals brought Massy and Dauge into the limelight before the
biggest gallery of the Inter-Allied Golf series. Dauge was looked upon
as a possible darkhorse for he had traveled the course in several exceed-
ingly low scores. But Massy played persistent golf while Dauge lost
heavily through his failure to negotiate short putts. Massy's victory
was by 5-4.
However, the game was much more even than the score would
indicate. Massy laid Dauge stymie four times in the morning round,
either winning the hole or halving it because of the stymied ball.
But the sturdy Dauge played on steadily and in the afternoon came
his opportunity to cut down Massy's lead, although he was four down
to his opponent when he emerged from his noon-day meal and went
to the first tee, and to the spectators at that time it looked as if the
match was practically over.
Both accepted 5s on the first hole and Dauge won the second with
a 4 against a 5 for Massy. Two 3s, on a short hole, halved the hole
while Dauge, playing a straight ball, took a 4 for the fourth hole.
Massy had a 5. The next two holes were halved and Dauge came
through and won the seventh. Massy, however, won the eighth in
perfect golf and the ninth was halved. Massy's lead was now only
2 up.
Dauge had a 35 against a 38 for Massy on the opening afternoon
nine holes. With the thirty-sixth hole in the near distance Massy
settled down and won the eleventh and twelfth holes. Dauge went
after the thirteenth hole placing a fine loft shot upon the green on his
second. Massy played closer to the hole than Dauge and it looked as if
the match was to end there.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 253.
But Dauge sank his long putt and Massy missed his shorter try
with the result that Dauge cut the lead down one. The halving of
the next hole in 4 gave the match to Massy.
The summary of the match:
Morning Round
Massy out 4 5 3 5 4 3 6 3 4 - 37
Dauge out 454555645 -43
Massy in 4 5 4 4 4 3 5 4 4 - 37 - 74
Dauge in 3 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 - 38 - 81
Afternoon Round
Massy out 5 5 3 5 4 3 6 3 4 - 38
Dauge out 543443444 -35
Massy in 3 4444
Dauge in 35534
France thus emerged from the Inter-Allied Golf tourney as winner
of the team match and also, in the person of Massy, of the individual
laurel wreath. The champion, a professional at La Boulie course, has
been for years the idol of French golfers and had already gained dis-
tinction outside of France, having won the English open in 1907.
Medals, suitably inscribed, were presented to each of the team
members representing France, America and England. The winner
and the runner-up of the individual championship were also given
medals.
ROWING
HE final events of the Inter-AIIied Games were the boat
races on the Seine 17 and 18 July. With the date of the
Henley Regatta fixed year after year for the first week in
, , July, it seemed out of the question to hold the Rowing
events at the same time as the Games in Pershing Stadium and still
have a representative gathering of Allied oarsmen. Accordingly, it
was decided to hold the Inter-Allied Regatta after the Pershing Stadium
events. Henley contestants thereby would have time to bring their
crews and shells to Paris.
The success of the Regatta justified this decision. Ten Allied
nations and colonies participated in what proved to be the largest
and most successful service Regatta ever held.
Belgian, Czecho-Slovakian, ItaHan and Portuguese crews went into
training for the races early in July, occupying quarters in the American
Military Police Barracks in the Bois de Boulogne at Aqueduct Bridge.
By 11 July they were joined by Australian, Canadian, English,
French, New Zealand and American crews from the Henley Regatta.
Their shells arrived a day or two later, ferried across the Enghsh
channel by destroyer to Havre and taken from there to Paris by
automobile truck and trailer. Rowing championships were to be
awarded in single sculls, four-oared shells with coxswain, and eight-
oared shells. Each competing nation was allowed but one entry in
each of these events. In single sculls, Austraha, Belgium, England,
France, Italy, New Zealand, and United States were represented.
Belgium, Canada, France, British Army of the Rhine, New Zealand,
Portugal, and United States entered crews for the four-oared shell
races and ten eight-oared shell crews were entered from Australia,
Belgium, Canada, Czecho-Slovakia, England, France, Italy, New Zea-
land, Portugal, and United States.
The elimination heats in the three events were held on the after-
noon of 17 July on the Seine over a mile and a half course between
St. Cloud and Suresnes bridges. A cloudless day and a light breeze
which scarcely caused a ripple in the water made rowing conditions
ideal.
See pages 321 329 387 345 for rowing pictures.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 255
For the first heat of the single sculls eliminations the following
were entered: Clarence Buxton, England; Major Paul Withington,
United States; Sergeant D. C. Hadfield, New Zealand; and Alfred
Felton, Australia. Hadfield jumped to the lead at the start and it
was evident that the New Zealander, who won the single sculls event
at Henley, would be the winner, leaving Buxton, Felton, and Withing-
ton to decide who would be the second to qualify. Hadfield, leading,
was followed in order by Buxton, Felton, and Withington as far as
Aqueduct Bridge. Felton, by a spurt, then placed himself abreast
of Buxton, but he had the misfortune to foul a marking buoy at the
three-quarters distance. Withington, in the meantime, passed both
Felton and Buxton and finished a length and a half behind Hadfield
and a quarter of a length ahead of Buxton.
Giran, France, Dones, Italy, and Haller of Belgium started the
second heat of the singles. Giran led Dones by a length the first
half of the course and then stopped rowing for a few moments. Giran
then continued rowing with Dones five lengths ahead of him at the
finish, while Haller, several lengths behind Giran, failed to qualify.
Canada, Belgium, Italy and France rowed the first heat of the four-
oared shell eliminations. At the first quarter Italy led, with Belgium,
France and Canada following closely. At the half Canada, after a
short spurt, led France by a few feet, the other two boats a length
behind. France, continuing her spurt, passed Canada 600 yards
from the finish and shot over the line two lengths ahead, Italy and
Belgium finishing two lengths behind Canada.
Although entered for the second elimination heat, the British Army
of the Rhine four withdrew from the race on account of not obtaining
a shell fitted with tholepins to which the crew was accustomed. This
left New Zealand, Portugal and United States in this heat. The three
boats were practically even at the first quarter, but before the half
was reached New Zealand led United States by a quarter of a length.
Portugal, in the meantime catching a crab, was left far behind and
did not finish the race. By the third quarter New Zealand and the
United States were side by side again. America spurting early finished
a length and a half in front of New Zealand.
Czecho-Slovakia, Australia, and Italy raced the first heat of eight-
oared shell eliminations. Unlike the singles and fours, where the first
two in each heat qualified for finals, the eights' elimination heats
qualified but one for the finals. In this heat Australia had no diffi-
culty in maintaining the lead throughout, increasing the lead over
.^ 9 t
Fencing. Top— Portugal team. Center left— Ameviain fencers. Center right— A strenuous
contest" on the platform. BoHom— Klimiuation contest on the platform at Pershing StacUuni.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 259
behind at the half distance. America, with a short spurt, was abreast
of France at the three-quarter mark only to be passed again a few
seconds later. Two hundred yards from the finish the Americans
were not equal to the final spurt and France passed over the line tor
the Championship by a length and a half.
The Cambridge eight won a magnificent victory in the eight-oared
shell finals. Left a half a length behind at the start, the English crew
crept slowly past Australia and New Zealand to finish a third of a
length ahead.
As they paddled upstream to the stake boats the eights showed
three pronouncedly different strokes. Cambridge had the longest
stroke of all and one that was capable of being rowed at high speed.
The Australian was just as high a stroke as the English but shorter
and more slashing. Although not reaching for so much water, the
New Zealanders rowed a very pretty, slow, swinging stroke. At no
time during the race did New Zealand row as high a stroke as either
Australia or Cambridge.
Austraha got off first at the start. New Zealand but a yard behind.
When the eights finished their spurt at the start and settled down
for the mile-and-a-half row, Cambridge was half a length behind Aus-
tralia. This difference was made up within the first six hundred
yards.
At the half, Cambridge had gained two yards over Australia
New Zealand was a quarter of a length behind. Then came the pret-
tiest sight of the day. For over a quarter of a mile Cambridge and
Austraha, side by side, rowed exactly together. The oars of both
crews caught and came out of the water together. The extra reach
of Cambridge was practically equalled in power by Austraha's slashing
stroke. This continued until the last quarter when Cambridge led
by a yard.
Cambridge continued to forge ahead, inch by inch, from here on
to the finish. Australia, but three quarters of a length ahead of the
New Zealanders who had rowed a game race throughout, finished a
scant third of a length behind Cambridge.
This was the final race of the Inter-Allied Regatta. Champion-
ships were awarded to D. C. Hadfield, New Zealand, winner of smgle
sculls; France, winner of four-oar shell race; Cambridge Service Eight,
representing England, winner of eight-oar shell race.
260 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
SUMMARY OF ROWING EVENTS
Thursday, 17 July.
Single Sculls Eliminations:
First Heat — D. C. Hadfield, New Zealand, first by 1 i lengths;
Paul Withington, United States, second; Clarence Buxton, England,
third; Alfred Felton, Australia, fouled a buoy and did not finish. Time
7 minutes, 59 seconds.
Second Heat — Ermino Dones, Italy, first by 5 lengths; Giran,
France, second; Jacques Haller, Belgium, third. Time 8 minutes,
18-3/5 seconds.
Four-Oared Shell Eliminations:
First Heat — France first by 2 lengths —
Stroke, Sgt. Bouton
3, Pvt. Vaganay
2, Sgt. Cordier
Bow, Lt. Barrelet
Cox., Cpl. Barberalle
Canada, second —
Stroke, Lt. M. H. Rix
3, Lt. A. R. Whittier
2, Capt. C. P. Disney
Bow, Lt. E. E. Norman
Cox., Capt. A. S. Poynton
Italy, third —
Stroke, E. Olgeni
3, Vittorio Bruna
2, E. Scaturin
Bow, Aldo Bettini
Cox., Mario Olgeni
Belgium, fourth —
Stroke, Pvt. Desaever
3, Sgt. Tabary
2, Lt. Chaltin
Bow, Pvt. de Vise
Cox., Sgt. Lannoo
Time, 7 minutes, 18 3-5 seconds.
Second Heat— United States first by 1 1-4 lengths-
Stroke, Maj. Paul Withington
3, Capt. C. D. Wiman
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 261
2, Capt. Billings Wilson
Bow, Lt. H. E. Cooke
Cox., Lt. Guy H. Gale
New Zealand, second —
Stroke, G. L. Croll
3, J. Fry
2, A. T. White
Bow, H. B. Prideaux
Cox., A. H. Tmssell
Portugal did not finish —
Stroke, Carlos Burney
3, Raul Brito
2, Rodrigo Bessone
Bow, Jose Serra
Cox., Augusto Neupart,
British Army of the Rhine withdrew —
Stroke, G. M. Penny
3, C. M.Bere
2, J. A. Begg
Bow, A. H. Jackson
Cox., Lewis Morgan
Time, 7 minutes, 35 2-5 seconds
Eight-Oared Shell Eliminations:
FiM Heat — Australia, first by 3-4 lengths —
Stroke, Capt. Clive Disher
7, Gunner George Mettam
6, Lt. Frederick House
5, Lt. Thomas McGill
4, Gunner Arthur Scott
3, Lyndhurst Davis
2, Lt. Harold Newall
Bow, Sgt. A. Robb
Cox., Sgt. Albert Smedley
Italy, second —
Stroke, Emilio Lucca
7, M. L. Colombo
6, G. Torlashi
262 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
5, Nino Castelli
4, T. R. Salvini
3, M. 0. Pontiggia
2, Alfredo Taroni
Bow, Fabio Clerici
Cox., Plinio Urio.
Czecho-Slovakia, third —
Stroke, Jiri Wihan
7, Jan Hejda
6, Dominik Stilip
5, Jiri Romavacek
4, Joseph Hungmann
3, Joraslav Oplt
2, Vaclav Romovacek
Bow, Jiri Petr
Cox., Vallav Paruzek
Time, 6 minutes, 48 2-5 seconds
Second Heat — New Zealand first by 1 length —
Stroke, G. A. Healey
7,
D.
C.
Hadfield
6,
W
. G
. Coombes
5,
G.
L.
Lester
4,
W
. Patterson
3,
J.
Mc
;Roberts
2,
F.
V.
Home
B(
m,
G.
H. Wilson
Cox.,
A.
H. Trussell
Canada, second-
Stroke, Gapt. F. S. Dyke
7, Capt. H. A. Dawson
6, Lt. A. D. Spragge
5, Lt. C. S. M. Fleming
4, Lt. G. W. Machan '
3, Maj. J. C. McCuaig
2, Cpl. R. R. Harvey
Bow, Sgt. W. Gilliborn
Cox., Capt. A. S. Poynton
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 263
Belgium, third —
Stroke, Van Waes
7, Hegimans
6, Joux
5, Boylemans
4, Demulder
3, Taymans
2, Janssens
Bow, Lalemand
Cox., Nuytens
Portugal, fourth —
Stroke, A. Talone
7, J. Ferro
6, V. G. Silva
5, Carlos Sobral
4, J. Sasseti
3, J. Branco
2, J. M. Silva
Bow, G. Riberiro
Cox., R. P. Dias
Time, 6 minutes, 37 1-5 seconds.
Third Heat — England, first by 1-2 length —
Stroke, Hubert Hartley
7, Clarence Buxton
6, Maurice Buxton
5, Arthur Dixon
4, John Campbell
3, Alfred Swan
2, Harold Peake
Bow, Herbert Boret
Cox., Robin Johnstone
United States, second —
Stroke, Capt. Douglas Kingsland
7, Lt. J. Amory Jefferies
6, Maj. H. L. Rogers
5, Capt. Louis Penny
4, Lt. Henry S. Middendorf
3, Lt. J. H. McHenry
264 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
2, Capt. Royal R. Pullen
Bow, Lt. Colles J. Coe
Cox., Lt. Guy H. Gale
France, third —
Stroke, M. des Logis Bouton
7, Pvt. Varanay
6, Lt. Combarieu
5, Lt. Barrelet
4, M. des Logis Cordier
3, M. des Logis Garnier
2, Pvt. Poix
Bow, Sgt. Richard
Cox., Cpl. Barbarelle
Time, 6 minutes, 35 seconds.
Friday, 18 July.
Single Sculls Finals.
Won by D. C. Hadfield, New Zealand, by 3 lengths; Giran, France,
second; Withington, United States, third; Dones, Italy, withdrew.
Time, 7 minutes, 54 seconds.
Four-Oared Shell Finals.
Won by France by 1-2 length; United States, second; New Zea-
land, third; Canada, fourth. Time 7 minutes, 26 2-5 seconds.
Eighl-Oared Shell Finals.
Won by England by 1-3 length; AustraUa, second; New Zealand,
third. Time 6 minutes, 26 3-5 seconds.
Top— Amuiicaii Rugljy tcKin. Bottom — Roumanian liugby team.
SHOOTING
N no event of the Inter-Allied Games was a more decisive
success gained than by the American entrants in the rifle
and pistol marksmanship contests which were held on the
d'Auvours range, Belgian Camp, near Le Mans, Sarthe.
Every medal place obtainable by the same nation in every event fell
to the United States marksmen. The first day's firing sufficed to
demonstrate the American superiority and thereafter interest in the
actual competitive feature of the meet shifted to the rivalries of other
nations for lesser laurels, notably to the Franco-Canadian struggle
for the runner-up honors.
In the individual rifle match the United States, with twenty-five
entries, took the first eighteen places in a field of 176, the lowest Ameri-
can finishing thirty-fourth on the list. The Americans carried the
eight topmost places in the individual pistol match, the last of the
twenty-five participants finishing in thirty-first place among 108 start-
ers. The rifle and pistol team matches were won with corresponding
margins, the Americans leading the field in both instances at every
range.
The surprise of the meet was the defeat of Canada by the French
marksmen in both individual events and in the rifle team match.
The Dominion did not enter the pistol team competition.
Eight nations— France, Belgium, Canada, Greece, Italy, Portugal,
Roumania and the United States— participated in the competitions
which were opened on 23 June by General Pershing. The inauguration
ceremonies were simple. At 10 o'clock in the morning the competitors
formed by national groups, armed with the weapons which they were
to fire, at a designated place in rear of the 330-yard firing point. The
captains of the eight contingents were presented to the Commanding
General by Colonel A. J. Macnab, officer in charge of the competi-
tions. The captains, in turn, presented the officers of their respective
groups. The Commander-in-Chief inspected the enlisted contestants,
addressing a few words to each team, after which the teams moved
to their respective stations. The first order was called up. At a
signal from the Commanding General the buglers sounded "Commence
Firing." A line of white targets flashed into the brilliant June sun-
See pages 353 361 369 377 385 393 for shooting pictures.
268 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
light and the crack of rifles proclaimed that the greatest of military
marksmanship matches was on.
The meet ended on June 28. The ensuing schedule of competi-
tions was carried out:
Monday, 23 June — Rifle individual prehminary course: forenoon,
300 yards slow Are, 200 yards rapid fire; afternoon, 500 and 600 yards
slow fire, 300 and 500 yards rapid fire.
Note: No scores recorded.
Tuesday, 24 June— Rifle individual match: forenoon, 300 yards
slow fire, 200 and 300 yards rapid fire; afternoon, 500 and 600 yards
slow fire, 500 yards rapid fire.
Wednesday, 25 June — Program suspended; rain.
Note: By firing the combined Wednesday and Thursday schedule
on the latter day no time was lost,
Thursday, 26 June— Rifle team match: forenoon, 200, 300 and
400 yards slow fire; afternoon, 500 and 600 yards slow fire.
Friday, 27 June — Pistol individual match: 25 and 50 yards slow
fire, 15 and 25 yards rapid fire; 20 shots at each range.
Saturday, 28 June — 25 and 50 yards slow fire; 20 shots at each
range.
A maximum of twenty-five entries from each nation was eligible
to compete in the individual matches. Rifle teams were limited to
twelve men, pistol teams to ten.
First Sergt. Stanley Smith, U.S., won the Inter-AUied Individual
Rifle Championship in Tuesday's match, scoring 275 points out of
300 possible. He made a brilliant score, outshooting the field at
every range save one.
Second honors went to Gunnery Sergt. Lester V. Henson, U.S.,
with a total of 266 and Corp. Richard J. Titus, U.S., chnched third
with a tally of 263. At all times the championship race was virtually
between these three and other high American contenders.
Louis Percy, a demobilized French soldier, finished ahead of the
competitors of the other nations with a score of 245 which yielded
him nineteenth place. After a bad start on the shorter and less
difficult ranges Percy exhibited a remarkable eye and at 500 and 600
yards, both on slow and rapid fire, returned scores that were among
the best. His strong finish enabled him to pass Major Wilham 0.
Morris, Canada, who stopped in twentieth place with 243.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 269
The high competitors of other nations, their scores and standings,
follow: Major N. Vasile Ghitescu, Roumania, 216, forty-first place;
Lieut. Licurgo Fabi, Italy, 204, forty-ninth place; Sergt. Andre M.
Vichos, Greece, 203, fifty-first place; 2nd Sergt. Alfredo da Costa
Paes, Portugal, 197, sixty-first place; Pvt. Seraphin Cornelius, Belgium,
191, seventy-third place.
The United States marksmen took the rifle team match with a
total of 2,651 points out of 3,000 possible — a margin of 236 over their
closest opponents. The ease with which they moved into first place,
with the firing of the initial shots, and speedily fortified themselves
with an unassailable lead, swung popular interest to the contests
which developed for second, fourth and sixth places. These were
exciting in every particular.
The issue of the individual match had sharpened rivalry between
France and Canada. Popular opinion favored the Canadians at the
beginning of the team match, the individual victory being regarded
more as a personal triumph for Louis Percy than as a national achieve-
ment. Another factor which lent interest to the Franco-Canadian
contest was the fact that they were the only two teams firing with
their own rifles, all others having adopted the American Springfield,
generally conceded to be the most accurate of service weapons. The
Canadians remained faithful to their Enfield, using, however, the
long-barrelled, pre-war model equipped with a windgauge. Two
Frenchmen adopted the Springfield; the other ten went to the firing
point with the ancient Lebele model of 1886, the service rifle of the
French infantry. As a target rifle it is regarded as a very inferior
weapon.
When Canada led by 18 points on the completion of firing at the
200-yard point, it seemed that it would be easy for the Dominion men
to take the second place honors, for, as the ranges lengthened, the
advantage of the Enfield riflemen with their wind-gauged weapon,
would increase. At 300 yards, however, the French outshot the Cana-
dians by 26 points, giving them a net lead of eight. Thenceforward
they beat the Canadians at every range, rolling up a total of 2,415 to
2,351 for Lieut. Col. William Rae's Dominion team.
Roumania and Italy fired a close score for fourth place and the
decision in favor of the Balkan team came only in the last few minutes
of firing. Roumania scored 2,163 to 2,150 for Italy, despite the
creditable individual work of Vice-Brigadier Amedeo Santena, the
Italian team's best marksman.
270 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The three-cornered struggle which developed between Belgium,
Portugal and Greece for sixth-place honors was the closest of the
match. After an all-day contest so close that it gave no indication
as to which team would be the winner, the three teams went to the
600-yard firing point at five o'clock in the afternoon with only three
points separating them. There the Belgians shot a consistent score
while both the others went to pieces. The finish was in this order,
Belgium, 2,071; Portugal, 2,023; Greece, 2,016.
Master Engineer (senior grade) Michael Kelley, U.S., won the
individual pisiol championship, scoring 669 out of 800 possible and
defeating his greatest rival in the American preliminaries, Gapt. D. R.
Raymond, who took second place with 648. Corp. Paul Bird, a young
shot, was a tight third with 647.
Sergt. Joseph Pecchia, France, finished at the top of the foreign
aspirants with a score of 635 which gave him ninth place. Lieut.
Antonio da Silva Martijis, Portugal, one of the spectacular shots of
the field, gained twenty-second place with 596. Lieut. Martins shot
an eccentric score, now firing a remarkable string, and again dropping
among the poorest. At one time he was tied with Master Engineer
Kelley for first place, being the only visiting competitor temporarily
to attain such a high score.
The following were the high men of the other nations with their
scores and standings:
Maresciallo Pacificio Santona, Italy, 575, twenty-eighth place;
Gapt. Edwin J. Kaufman, Canada's sole entry, 566, thirty-fourth
place; Lieut. Mathieu Requile, Belgium, 539, thirty-ninth place; Sergt.
G. Giu Amuzcescu, Roumania, 507, forty-seventh place; Pvt. A. Vras-
sivanopoulos, Greece, 494, fifty-first place.
The American team won the pistol team championship with a
score of 4,080 out of a possible 5,000. One of the features was the
individual defeat of Master Engineer Kelley by his team mate, Captain
Raymond— an event without official significance, however. The
French team, while at no time menacing the lead of the United States,
was in a class of its own as far as second honors were concerned. It
scored 3,828. Gapt. de Castelbajac made an individual total of 413
and tied two Americans for third place on the individual list.
Italy finished third with 3,369, Portugal fourth with 3,280, Bel-
gium fifth with 3,204 and Roumania sixth with 2,913. There were
no Canadian or Greek teams.
To dissipate any suggestion of advantage accruing to the American
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 271
competitors by comparison of weapons, the United States rifle, model
1903, and all types of United States service pistols and revolvers were
placed at the disposal of the foreign competitors. The Belgians dis-
carded their Mauser, the Roumanians their Manhcher and the Greeks
their Steyr rifles through choice and adopted the Springfield. The
wind-gauge was the principal attraction of the American weapon.
It is doubtful, however, if the change improved the scores of any
except the Roumanians who put in two weeks of diligent practice
with the Springfield under American coaching. The Belgians con-
fessed the experiment a failure for them though they practiced with
the Springfield for four days before entering the match. The Greeks
used it the same length of time.
The Italians and Portuguese were obliged to adopt the Springfield
through failure of their arms and ammunition to arrive. Both entered
the match under a handicap as they had received only a day's instruct-
ion in the use of the American weapon.
The Roumanians, French and Greeks used the United States
38-calibre revolver and the Colt Automatic 45-calibre pistol, in prefer-
ence to their own weapons which were of various types. The Bel-
gians used a Colt .32 in addition to the two American service sidearms.
The Portuguese used their Luger, calibre 9mm. and the Italians their
Gressenti, calibre 7.9mm. in addition to the American guns. The
Canadian entry fired a long-barrelled Webley .45.
INDIVIDUAL RIFLE MATCH
The follwing results were announced:
Ord.of Serial
Merit
No
Name
Rank
Nation
Score
1
416
Smith, Stanley.
1st Sgt.
United States
275
2
408
Henson, Lester V.
Gy. Sgt.
266
3
419
Titus, Richard J.
Cpl.
263
4
415
Smith, Robert W.
1st Lt.
262
5
417
Spooner, Lloyd S.
»)
261
6
403
Crawley, Theodore R.
Sgt.
259
7
406
Gray, Leman.
"
259
8
418
Stewart, Edward B.
Cpl.
258
9
412
Meyers, Walter A.
Capt.
253
10
400
Chenowith, Leland A.
Sgt.
252
11
407
Grika, John T.
)J
252
12
423
Williams, Glen.
)T
251
13
424
Windsor, Ardis E.
Cpl.
248
14
421
Waller, C. W. Jr.
Major.
248
272
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
»
1919
Ord.of
Serial
Merit
No
15
420
16
422
17
402
18
411
19
168
20
61
21
414
22
413
23
404
24
162
25
60
26
410
27
401
28
56
29
165
30
164
31
409
32
171
33
72
34
405
35
150
36
161
37
163
38
154
39
52
40
66
41
357
42
67
43
157
44
63
45
352
46
62
47
70
48
156
49
259
50
153
51
200
52
366
53
210
54
59
55
166
56
55
57
365
58
57
59
155
60
318
Name
Walker, Wesley W.
Wiecek, Joseph Jr.
Cotton, Richard E.
Lawless, Joseph T.
Percy, Louis.
Morris, William O.
Scars, Robert.
Peyton, Leland K.
Disbrow, Harry M.
Johnson, Leon.
Mclnnes, Dugald.
Kearns, Sylvester.
Coppedge, James F.
Hutchinson, Roger G.
Mahieu, Jules.
L'Hostis, Jean.
Hodges, C. H.
Renard, Leon.
Vicent, Joseph H.
Doxtater, Everett.
Angelini, Charles.
Hardy, Pierre.
Lajoie, Jean.
Bouchenoirre, Rene.
Francis, Edward D. T.
Rae, William.
Ghitescu, N. Vasile.
Richardson, Fred.
Fray, Andrae
Nowman, Nathaniel
Baluta, Jean
Mortimer, George.
Spaulding, Victor.
Durand, Raymond.
Fabi, Licurgo.
Boitout, Emile.
Vichos, Andre M.
Vartolomeu, Simion.
Moraitinis, Georges.
Martin, Fred R.
Meniot, Oscar.
Hay, John.
Tenescu, J. Constantin.
Johnson, Frederick G.
Dupuis, Daul.
Paes, Alfredo da Costa.
Rank
Capt.
Sgt. 1 cl.
Capt.
1st Lieut.
Demob.
Major.
Lt. Col.
Cpl.
Capt.
Demob.
Sgt.
1st Lt.
2nd Lt.
Major.
Capt.
Lt. (demob.)
Lt. Col.
Capt.
Lieut.
Sgt.
Cmt. (demob.'
Demob.
2nd Lt.
2nd Class
Lieut.
Lt. Col.
Major.
2nd Lt.
Col. Sgt.
Cpl.
Major.
Lieut.
Cpl.
Tenente.
Demob.
Sergt.
Capt.
2nd Lt.
Capt.
2nd Lt.
Sergt.
Lieut.
Capt.
2nd Sergt.
Nation
1 ) )T
France
Canada.
United States
France
Canada
United States
Canada
France
United States
France.
Canada
United States
France
France
Canada
Roumania
Canada
France
Canada
Roumania
Canada
France
Italy
France
Greece
Roumania
Greece
Canada
France
Canada
Roumania
Canada
France
Portugal
Score
248
247
246
245
245
243
243
242
242
240
235
233
232
231
230
230
229
229
228
226
226
225
225
224
221
220
216
213
213
213
211
210
208
204
204
203
203
201
200
200
199
199
198
198
198
197
Rugby. Top -Scrimmage at lineout. Center left-Evh, V. S., running with the ball. Center
rit/W -Clock, U. S., receiving ball from lineout. Bottom— Ilauser, U. S., being tackled while
carrying ball.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
275
Ord.of
Serial
Merit
No
61
64
62
151
63
201
64
203
65
329
66
152
67
160
68
69
69
169
70
172
71
65
72
3
73
260
74
208
75
207
76
58
77
5
78
158
79
265
80
269
81
270
82
170
83
173
84
159
85
4
86
255
87
272
88
14
89
202
90
355
91
18
92
361
93
350
94
351
95
273
96
6
97
1
98
268
99
314
100
362
101
7
102
303
103
266
104
209
105
274
106
324
Name Rank
O'Neill-Daunt, Reginald Corp.
Arguel, Pierre. Sergt.
Vlachakia, Denis T. Lieut.
Sappas, Jean X. 2nd Lt.
Pereirs, Raul da Costa. 2nd Sgt.
Beaupere, Maurice Sergt.
Garotin, Alexandre. "
Spalding, Frank. Lieut.
Pinot, Lucien. Adjutant
Soccaud, Jean. 2nd Lt.
Payne, Ethelred G. Pvt.
Cornelis, Seraphin. "
Fabris, Sante. Brigadiere
Kosmas, George S. Private
Kaparos, Eme J. Sergt.
Kaufman, Edwin J. Capt.
Demart, Emile. Major
Fray, Leon. Demob.
Pastorini, Costantino. Mag.
Santena, Amedeo. V. Brig.
Santena, Paciflco. Mares.
Regnier, Albert. Demob.
Verain, Bohan P. "
Gentil, Pierre. "
Delmas, Frangois. Corp.
Campus, Peppy. Mag.
Sartorari, Ferruccio. Tenente
Neujeau, Francois. Pvt.
Vrassivanopoulos, A. "
Ciocan, Gheorghe. Capor.
Schaepherders, Charles. Corp.
Mihaesou, loan. Lieut.
Alexe, V. Vasilo. Soldat
Baciu, N. Niculae. Plut. Maj.
Serralunga, Natele. Capt. Mag.
DuBrucq, Jules. Pvt.
Adriaenssens, Conrad. 1st Sgt.
Righi, Fulvic. Capo.
Martins, Antoie da S. Lieut.
Tudor, G. H. Plut.
Frings, Jean. Capt.
DeCarvalho, Antonio J. 1st Sgt.
Piersantelli, Emilio. Tene. Col.
Mafflttas, Miltiades D. Lieut.
Simonotti, Achille. Col.
Da Silva, H. Guilherme. 2nd Lt.
Nation
Canada
France
Greece
Portugal.
France
Canada
France
Canada
Belgium
Italy
Greece
Canada
Belgium
France
Italy
France
Belgium.
Italy
Belgium
Greece
Roumania
Belgium
Roumania
Roumania
Italy
Belgium
Belgium
Italy
Portugal
Roumania
Belgium
Portugal
Italy
Greece
Italy
Portugal.
Score
197
197
196
196
195
195
194
194
193
193
192
191
191
190
189
189
188
188
188
198
176
186
186
186
185
185
184
184
183
183
181
180
179
179
179
177
177
176
176
175
175
174
174
174
171
170
276
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Ord.ot
Serial
Merit
No.
107
13
108
19
109
305
110
20
111
358
112
23
113
317
114
257
115
267
116
206
117
212
118
307
119
205
120
54
121
320
122
364
123
354
124
567
125
315
126
360
127
251
128
262
129
310
130
306
131
2
132
174
133
68
134
10
135
316
136
258
137
353
138
167
139
263
140
216
141
261
142
313
143
217
144
12
145
308
146
322
147
256
148
253
149
312
150
300
151
264
152
9
Name Rank Nation Score
Nauvelaerts. Corp. Belgium 170
Schmits, Pierre. Major. " 169
Damiao, Antonio F. Capt. Portugal 169
VandenBessche, Armand Sergt. Belgium 169
Manole, Constantine. Capt. Roumania 169
Verlinden, Jules. Sergt. Belgium 168
De Noronha, D. Eugenio Ensign. Portugal 168
DeRisi, Gabriele. Capo. Italy 168
Picello, Federico. Sergt. " 168
Adam, Constantin. Lieut. Greece 167
Roumelliotis, D. M. Pvt. " 167
Doras, Amadeu S. 1st Sgt. Portugal 167
Cogopoulos, Constantin. Lieut. Greece 166
Goodhouse, Fred J. C.S.M. Canada 166
Rebelo, Herminio. Capt. Portugal 165
Petrescu, G. Constantin. Lieut. Roumania 165
Catana, Octay. " " 165
Vlasceanu, J. Joan. Sgt. " 163
Mendonca, Francisco P. 2nd Lt- Portugal 163
Marinescu, Marin. Sous Lt. Roumania 162
Ascani, Ascanio. Sot. Ten. Italy 162
Gressi, Attilio. Mag. " 161
Gomes, Jose Oliveira. Lt. Col. Portugal 160
Dias, Carlos. 2nd Sgt. " 160
Berckmans, Charles. Capt. Belgium 160
Ygnard, Armand. Sgt. France 159
Simmonds, William R. Pvt. Canada 159
Masure, Eduard. " Belgium 159
Montez, Antonio D. 2nd Lt. Portugal. 158
Domenis, Vitterio. Carab. Italy. 157
Bacurel, Constantin. Sous Lt. Roumania 155
Pelle, Henri. 2nd Lt. France 152
Manacci, Guglielmo. Mag. Italy 152
Sioris, Platon A. War. Off. Greece 152
Ficher, Norberto. Tenente Italy 148
Machado, Daniel Alberto 2nd Lt. Portugal 147
Voltaire, Achille C. Pvt. Greece 147
Michause, Clement. 1st Sgt. Belgium 145
Ferreira, Antonio S. A. Capt. Portugal 143
Dos Santos, Antonio. 2nd Sgt. " 142
Dolfmo, Francesco. Mare. Italy 142
Bettini, Dario. Tenente " 140
Lopes, Mario Augusto. 2nd Lt. Portugal 139
Cannas, Dario. 2nd Lt. " 139
Musia, Calisto. Mag. Italy 138
Mandeville, Hector. Pvt. Belgium 138
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
277
Ord.of
Serial
Merit
No.
153
356
154
301
155
8
156
359
157
254
158
252
159
311
160
309
161
304
162
22
163
15
164
323
165
11
166
302
167
204
168
24
169
17
170
21
171
211
172
25
173
250
174
321
175
215
176
16
Name
Dinca, Stefan, N.
De Carvalho, Jose A.
Gianora, Georgis.
Naiorescu, Dumitru.
Bucci, Amelio.
Balena, Enrico.
Jame, Diocleciano.
Garcia, Antonio.
Catarino, Antonio.
VanGoethern.
Pire, Germain.
Dos Santos, Antonio.
Masuy, Oscar.
De Carvalho, Joaguim.
Hadzidakis, George.
Vercamer, Georges.
Roelens, Hector.
VandenBossche, Albinus
Papageorgieu, George.
Van de Wale, Mathieu.
Arani, Dario.
Targento, Sodaino F. G.
Totomis, George.
Pyre, Jules.
Rank
Caporal
2nd Sgt.
1st Sgt. Maj.
Sous Lt.
Mag .
2nd Sgt.
2nd Sgt.
2nd Cpl.
Pvt.
Command.
1st Cpl.
Command.
2nd Sgt.
2nd Lt.
Pvt.
Lieut.
Corp.
Capo.
Cadet
Nav. Av'tor.
Adj.
Nation
Roumania
Portugal
Belgium
Roumania
Italy
Portugal
Belgium
Portugal
Belgium
Portugal
Greece.
Belgium
Greece
Belgium
Italy
Portugal
Greece
Belgium
Score
138
137
135
135
134
131
130
129
127
126
124
119
119
112
109
105
104
100
99
89
48
39
18
6
INDIVIDUAL RIFLE MATCH WINNERS BY NATIONS
Nation Serial No. Name Rank Score
United States. 416 Smith, Stanley. 1st Sgt. 275
France 168 Percy, Louis. Demob. 245
Canada 61 Morris, William O. Major 243
Roumania.... 357 Ghitescu, N. Vasile. " 216
Italy 259 Fabi, Licurgo. Tenente. 204
Greece 200 Vichos, Andre M. Sergeant. 203
Portugal 318 Paes, Alfredo da Costa. 2nd Sergeant. 197
Belgium 3 Cornells, Seraphin. Private. 191
The relative standing of the teams was as follows :
Ord.of
Merit
1
2
3
4
Name
200
United States 589
France 538
Canada 556
Roumania 489
Score
300
400
500
600
Total
541
467
543
511
2,651
506
424
495
452
2,415
480
377
500
438
2,351
427
355
473
419
2,163
278
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Ord.ot
Merit
5
6
7
Name
Italy 499
Belgium 449
Portugal 480
Greece 481
Score
449
371
439
392
2,150
438
344
445
395
2,071
446
318
429
350
2,023
422
337
434
342
2,016
The relative standing of the teams with the scores of the individ-
uals therein was as follows :
Ord.of
Serial
Merit
No.
Name
Rank
Nation
Score
1
401
Coppedge, James F.
2nd Lt.
United States
200
2
415
Smith, Robert W.
1st Lt.
11 11
227
3
406
Gray, Leman.
Sgt.
11 11
227
4
416
Smith, Stanley.
1st Sgt.
11 11
226
5
403
Crawley, Theo, B.
Sgt.
11 11
225
6
419
Titus, Richard J.
Cpl.
11
222
7
408
Henson, Lester V.
Gy. Sgt.
11 11
221
8
404
Disbrow, Harry N.
Capt.
11
219
9
412
Meyers, Walter A.
Capt.
11 11
217
10
417
Spooner, Lloyd S.
1st Lt.
11 11
217
11
420
Walker, Wesley W.
Capt.
11 11
215
12
423
Williams, Glen.
Sgt.
11 11
207
1
164
L'Hostis, Jean.
Lieut, dem.
France
219
2
168
Percy, Louis.
Demob.
"
215
3
163
Lajoie, Jean.
2nd LI.
"
214
4
156
Durand, Raymond.
Cpl.
"
208
5
162
Johnson, Leon.
Demob.
"
207
6
155
Dupuis, Daul.
Capt.
11
206
7
175
Colas,
Demob.
"
206
8
161
Hardy, Pierre.
11
"
199
9
165
Mahieu, Jules.
Capt.
))
192
10
150
Angelini, Charles.
Com't. dem.
J»
191
11
171
Renard, Leon.
Capt.
))
183
12
157
Fray, Andri.
2nd Lt.
li
175
1
62
Mortimer, George.
Blajor
Canada
216
2
67
Richardson, Fred.
11
"
213
3
69
Spalding, Frank.
Lieut.
"
206
4
61
Morris, William O.
Major
•:
205
5
7->
Vincent, Joseph H.
Lieut.
"
202
6
60
Mclnnes, Dugald.
Sgt.
■)■)
195
7
56
Hutchison, Roger G.
Major.
'>
193
8
52
Francis, Edward D. T.
Lieut.
3)
190
9
63
Newman, Nathaniel.
Col. Sgt.
11
185
10
59
Martin, Fred R.
Capt.
)j ,
185
11
55
Hay, John.
Sgt.
1,1.
184
12
57
Johnson, Frederick G.
Capt.
11
177
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
279
Ord.ot
Serial
Merit
No.
Name
Ranli
Nation
Score
I
357
Ghitescu, N. Vasile.
Major.
Roumania.
203
2
355
Ciocan, Gheorghe.
Cpl.
"
197
3
352
Baluta, Joan.
))
"
196
4
350
Alexe, Vasile.
Pvt.
"
192
5
358
Manole, Constantin.
Capt.
"
185
6
366
Vartolomeu, Simion.
"
"
184
7
361
Mihaescu, loan.
Lieut.
"
182
8
353
Bucurel, Constantin.
2nd Lieut.
"
179
9
359
Maiorescu, Dumitru.
)) ))
"
178
10
365
Tenescu, J. Constantin.
Lieut.
"
167
11
354
Catana, Octav.
5)
))
159
12
364
Petrescu, G. Constantin.
" Subsl
:itulod "
12
367
Vlasceanu, J. Joan.
Sgt.
)i
141
1
269
Santena, Amedeo.
Vice-Brig.
Italy
209
2
270
Santena, Pacifico,
Mares.
"
204
3
272
Sartorari, Ferruccio.
Tenente.
"
194
4
251
Ascani, Ascanio.
Sotto Ten.
■>■>
188
5
274
Simonotti, Achille.
Col.
"
178
6
259
Fabi, Licurgo.
Tenente.
))
174
7
267
Picello, Federico.
Sergente.
"
171
8
263
Mencacci, Guglielmo.
Maggiore.
'*
170
9
266
Piersantelli, fimilio.
Tene Col.
"
167
10
260
Fabris, Sante.
Brigad.
"
166
11
255
Campus, Peppy.
Maggiore.
"
166
12
268
Righi, Fulvio.
Capit.
)»
163
1
1
Adriaenssens, Conrad.
1st Sgt.
Belgium
185
2
19
Schmits, Pierre.
Major
"
182
3
4
Delmas, Frangois.
Cpl.
»»
181
4
7
Frings, Jean.
Captain
1)
180
5
3
Cornelis, Seraphin.
Private
»)
177
6
5
Demart, Emile.
Major
"
175
7
14
Neujeau, Frangois.
Private
"
174
8
11
Masuy, Oscar.
Comd't.
"
169
9
2
Berckmans, Charles.
Captain
"
169
10
23
Verlinden, Jules.
Sergeant
"
163
11
10
Masure, Eduard.
Private.
"
159
12
20
VandenBossche, Arm.
Sergeant
1)
157
1
315
Mendonca, Francisco.
2nd Lieut.
Portugal
188
2
319
Pereira, Raul da Cruz.
2nd Sgt.
)i
184
3
316
Montez, Antonio D.
2nd Lieut.
J)
184
4
306
Dias, Carlos.
2nd Sgt.
' '
184
5
310
Gomes, Jose Oliveira.
Lt. Col.
"
178
6
314
Martins, Antonio da S.
Lieutenant
■!■)
177
7
307
Dores, Amadeu Salgado.
1st Sgt.
"
175
8
318
Paes, Alfredo da C.
2nd Sgt.
>i
169
9
317
De Noronha, D. Eug.
Ensign.
167
280
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Ord.of Serial
Merit No.
10 324
11 305
12 303
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
207
203
210
202
206
208
200
205
201
212
209
217
Name
Da Silva, H. Guilherme.
Damiac, Antonio F.
De Carvalho, A. J.
Kaparos, Erne J.
Sappas, Jean X.
Moraitinis, Georges.
Vrassivanopoulos, A.
Adam, Constantin.
Kosmas, Georges S.
Vichos, Andre M.
Cogopoulos, Constantin.
Vlachakis, Denis T.
Roumelliotis, D. M.
Mantas, Miltiades D.
Voltaire, Achille C.
Rank
Nation
2nd Lieut.
Portugal
Captain
»T
1st Sgt.
)1
Sergeant
Greece
2nd Lieut.
"
2nd Lieut.
"
Private
"
Lieutenant
Ti
Private
"
Sergeant
»i
Lieutenant
))
Private
"
Lieutenant
))
Private
i)
Score
161
129
127
191
191
185
179
169
167
162
161
159
158
149
145
INDIVIDUAL PISTOL MATCH
Ord.of Serial
Merit No.
Name Rank
1 412 Kelley, Michael. M.E.S.G.
■2 419 Raymond, D. R. Capt.
3 401 Bird, Paul. Corp.
4 400 Beverley, J. R. 1st Lt.
5 411 Johnson, James F. " "
6 414 LaMotte, C. K. Lt. Col.
7 407 Evans, P. W. " "
8 409 Griffln, Lloyd E. 1st Lt.
9 165 Pecchia, Joseph. Sergt.
10 402 Bittel, Edward. Lt. Col.
11 405 Dell, James W. Col. Sgt.
12 155 De Castelbajac. Capt.
13 410 Harant, L. J. 2nd Lt.
14 404 Crawford, J. A. 1st Lt.
15 417 Nelson, Henry N. 2nd Lt.
16 415 Long, A. W. 1st Lt.
17 420 Scott, S. L. Major
18 406 Duncan, Melvin E. Sergt.
19 422 Stauffer, O. B. lst°Lt
20 424 Snyder, O. F. Lt. Col.
21 413 Klem, Mat. Col. Sgt.
22 306 Martins, Antonio da Sil. Lieut
23 418 Purdue, A. A. Private
24 167 Renard, Leon. Captain
25 416 Miller, Ernest C. Corp.
26 421 Selbie, Charles C. 1st Lt
Nation
United States
France
United States
11 11
France
United States
Portugal
United States
France
United States
Score
669
648
647
645
642
641
640
639
635
633
632
631
630
630
629
616
613
611
606
605
604
596
592
592
585
581
Soccer. Top and center Ze/i— France vfrsus Roumania. Center right— Fvaiiei- versus Czecho-
slovakia. Bottom— A forward pass in the air— Prance versus Roumania.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
283
Ord.of Serial
Merit
No.
27
423
28
263
29
403
30
172
31
408
32
162
33
158
34
58
35
157
36
159
37
161
38
163
39
7
40
160
41
260
42
265
43
166
44
3
45
164
46
156
47
351
48
352
49
10
50
262
51
201
52
311
53
151
54
355
55
353
56
264
57
; 168
58
364
59
154
60
304
61
203
62
358
63
310
64
170
65
173
66
153
67
8
68
2
69
13
70
308
71
302
72
303
Name
Wilder, Benj. H.
Santena, Pacifioo.
Claris, Edward L.
Vaudiau, Pierre.
Garey, E. B.
Mazuc, Fernand A.
Gandon, Henri.
Kaufman, Edwin J.
De Varine, Behan P.
Girard, Pierre
Barbillot,
Modot, Joseph.
Requile, Mathieu.
Guizien, Louis.
Piersantelli, Emilio.
Sarorari, Ferruccio.
Perrcau, Georges.
Demart, Emile.
Moreaux, Leon.
De Cernowitz, Rem.
Amuzcescu, G. Giu.
Balanescu, J. Constantin
Janssens, Charles.
Santena, Amedeo.
Vrassivanopoulos, A.
Dos Santos, Antonio.
Bachet, Georges.
Iliescu, Joan.
Baciu, N. Ficulae.
Sanguini, Plinio.
Roux, Georges.
Yonoscu, Virgil.
Cottrelle, Robert.
Gomes, Jose O.
Moraitinis, Georges.
Rosea, Stefan N.
Rebelo, Herminio.
Bourgeois, Raphael.
Vincent, Louis.
Chocat.
Schmits, Pierre.
Glaus, Silvain.
Thauvin, Jean.
Montez, Antonio D.
Dores, Amadeu S.
Ferreiva, Antonio S.
Ranli
2nd Lt
Maresciallo
Gun Sgt.
Captain
Lt. Col.
Demob.
Captain
Lieut.
Com't
Captain
Lieut.
Tene. Col.
Tenente
Sgt.
Major
Comm. dem.
Captain
Sergt.
Sous Lt.
Sergt.
Vice Brig.
Pvt.
2nd Sgt.
Mar. Logis
Lieut.
Pluto Maj.
Capitano
2nd Lt.
Sous Lieut.
2nd Lt.
Lt. Col.
2nd Lt.
Caporal
Captain
2nd Lt.
Lieut.
2nd CI.
Major
Capt.
2nd Lt.
1st Sgt.
Capt.
Nation
Italy
United States
France
United States
France
France
Canada
France
Belgium
France
Italy
France
Belgium
France
If
Roumania
)»
Belgium
Italy
Greece
Portugal
France
Roumania
»)
Italy
France
Roumania
France
Portugal
Greece
Roumania
Portugal
France
Belgium
»»
Portugal
Score
578
575
573
573
572
570
568
566
565
544
543
542
539
538
535
533
528
525
524
518
507
505
497
495
494
493
490
489
489
488
488
486
484
483
479
475
474
471
465
462
460
460
460
457
453
450
284
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Ord. of Serial
Merit
No.
73
171
74
250
75
152
76
251
77
250
78
174
79
4
80
307
81
267
82
253
83
301
84
309
85
350
86
361
87
259
88
169
89
360
90
300
91
150
92
354
93
266
94
1
95
9
96
252
97
366
98
12
99
363
100
5
101
261
102
305
103
258
104
359
105
202
106
11
107
200
108
367
Name
Vache, Jules.
Ascani, Ascanio.
Besset, Pierre.
Borgia, Carlo.
Campus, Peppy.
Viry, Eugene.
Ghoude, Paul.
Mendonca, Francisco.
Somma, Umberto.
Bucci, Amelio.
Carvalho, Antonio J.
De Moronha, D. E.
Adamiu, lllie.
Sontica, G. Gh.
Pastorini, Constan.
Salain.
Staniu, Joan.
Cannas, Dario.
Allain, Auguste.
Ghitescu, H. Vasile.
Simanotti, Achille
Adriaenssens, Conrad.
Van Otegem, Georges.
Bettini, Mario.
Bucurel, Constantin.
Berlcmans, Charles.
Sava, Joan N.
Masuy, Oscar.
Ruffo, Giuseppe.
Gouveia, Gustav A.
Righi, Fulvio.
Stanoscu, Virgil.
Mantas, Miltiades.
Piro, Jules
Vichos, Andre
Marinescu, Marin.
Rank
Capt.
Sott. Ten.
2nd Lt.
Tene. Col.
Maresciallo.
Lieut.
Lieut.
2nd Lt.
Colonello
Maresciallo
1st Sgt.
Ensign.
Sous Lt.
Sergt.
Maggiore
Cpl.
Sous Lieut.
2nd Lt.
1st CI.
Major
Colonello
1st Sgt.
Lieut.
Tenente
Sous Lieut.
Capt.
Caporal
Comm.
Tene. Col.
Lieut.
Capt.
Sous Lt.
2nd Lt.
Adj.
Sgt.
Sous Lieut.
INDIVIDUAL PISTOL MATCH WINNERS
United States. 412 Kelley, Michael.
France 165 Pecchia, Joseph.
Portugal 306 Martins, Antonio da Silva .
Italy 263 Santena, Pacifico.
Canada 58 Kaufman, Edwin J.
Belgium 7 Requile, Mathieu.
Roumania.... 351 Amuzcescu, G. Giu.
Greece 201 Vrassivanopoulos, A.
Nation
France
Italy
France
Italy
France
Belgium
Portugal
Italy
Portugal
Roumania
Italy
France
Roumania
Portugal
France
Roumania
Italy
Belgium
Italy
Roumania
Belgium
Roumania
Belgium
Italy
Portugal
Italy
Roumania
Greece
Belgium
Greece
Roumania
BY NATIONS
M.E.S.G.
Sergeant.
Lieut.
Maresciallo.
Captain.
Lieut.
Sergeant.
Private.
Score
445
441
439
437
434
432
427
424
423
415
412
407
404
402
388
386
380
371
350
349
344
344
337
334
324
321
315
313
308
303
297
292
281
261
249
191
669
635
596
575
566
539
507
494
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
The relative standing of the teams was as follows :
285
Order of Merit
1
2
3
4
5
6
Score
Name
United States.
France
Italy
Portugal
Belgium
Roumania . . .
25 yds
50 yds
Total
2,266
1,814
4,080
2,113
1,715
3,828
1^969
1,400
3,369
1,951
1,329
3,280
1,900
1,304
3,204
1,798
1,116
2,913
The relative standing of the teams with the scores of the indi-
viduals therein was as follows :
Ord.of Serial
Merit
No.
Name
Rank
Nation Score
1
419
Raymond, D. R.
Capt.
United States 427
2
412
Kelley, Michael.
M.E.S.G.
»»
421
3
407
Evans, P. W.
Lt. Col.
"
413
4
411
Johnson, James F.
1st Lt.
"
413
5
401
Bird, Paul.
Cpl.
"
412
6
409
Grifiin, Lloyd E.
1st Lt.
"
411
7
405
Dell, James W.
Col. Sgt.
"
409
8
400
Beverley, J. R.
1st Lt.
"
400
9
402
Bittel, Edward.
Lt. Col.
"
389
10
414
LaMotte, C. K.
Lt. Col.
"
385
1
155
De Castelbajac.
Capt.
France
413
2
158
Gandon, Henri.
Demob.
"
412
3
172
Vaudiau, Pierre.
Capt.
"
393
4
161
Barbillat.
Com't.
"
393
5
167
Renard, Leon.
Capt.
"
391
6
165
Pecchia, Joseph.
Sgt.
"
387
7
160
Guizien, Louis.
Lieut.
"
380
8
162
Mazuc, Fernand A.
Demob.
"
372
9
164
Moreaux, Leon.
Com't demob.
"
354
10
157
DeVarine, Bohan P.
Capt.
"
333
1
265
Sarorari, Ferruccio.
Tenente
Italy
384
2
260
Piersantelli, Emilio.
Tene. Col.
365
3
264
Sanguini, Plinio.
Capitano
354
4
262
Santena, Amedeo.
Vice-Brig.
353
5
250
Ascani, Ascanio.
Sott. Ten.
349
6
267
Somma, Umberto.
Colonello.
330
7
251
Borgia, Carlo.
Tene. Col.
329
8
263
Santena, Pacifico.
Maresciallo.
329
9
266
Simanotti, Achille.
Colonello.
311
10
261
Ruffo, Giuseppe.
Tene. Col.
"
265
I
306
Martins, Antonio da Sil.
Lieut.
Portugal
390
2
308
Montez, Antonio Duarte
2nd Lieut.
))
367
286
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Ord.of Serial
Merit
No.
3
304
4
301
5
303
6
302
7
307
8
300
9
309
10
310
1
7
2
3
3
2
4
13
5
1
6
10
7
5
8
8
9
12
10
4
1
353
2
352
3
355
4
364
5
354
6
358
7
351
8
361
9
350
10
363
Name Rank Nation Score
Gomes, Jose Oliveira. Lt. Col. Portugal 341
Carvalho, Anton. Joaq. 1st Sgt. " 341
Ferreiva, Ant. Soaros A. Capt. " 336
Dores, Amadeu Salgado. 1st Sgt. " 323
Mendonca, Francisco
Paulo dos Santos. 2d Lieut. " 319
Cannas, Dario. 2d Lieut. " 309
DeNeronna, D. Eugenio. Ensign. " 291
Rebelo, Hirminio. Capt. " 263
Requile, Mathieu. Lieut. Belgium 371
Demart, Emile. Major " 370
Cloos, Silvain. Capt. " 364
Thauvin, Jean. • Capt. " 328
Adriaenssens, Conrad. 1st Sgt. " 311
Jassens, Charles. Sgt. " 310
Massui, Oscar. Com't. " 304
Schmits, Pierre. Major. " 302
Berkmans, Charles. Capt. " 275
Ghoude, Paul. Lieut.' " 269
Baciu, N. Niculae. Plut. Maj. Roumania 363
Balanescu, J. Constant. Sous Lt. " 336
Iliescu, Jean. Lieut. " 332
Yonoscu, Virgil. Sous Lieut. " 331
Ghitescu N. Vasile. Major. " 302
Rosea, Stefan N. Caporal " 296
Amuzescu, G. Giu. Sgt. " 275
Sontica, G. Gh. Sgt. " 252
Adamiu, Illie. Sous Lt. " 223
Sava, Joan N. Caporal " 203
SWIMMING
HE Inter-Allied Swimming championships did not have all
the world's greatest swimmers as competitors, but among
theses participating were enough men of wide international
reputation to make the series stand out as one of the
greatest championships in natation that was ever held.
Nine countries were represented by the aggregation of swimmers
gathered to compete for the honors of the Inter-Allied Games Cham-
pionships — a greater number of nations than took part in the natation
events of the last Olympic Games. Furthermore, the contestants of
the Allied Armies were more truly representative of nations and races
than were the contestants at the last Olympiad. True, Austria and
Germany were strong competitors in the Olympiad mentioned and,
for obvious reasons, were not represented in the events of 22 June to
1 July in the Inter-Allied Swimming Championships at Lake St. James,
Bois de Boulogne, Paris. But other nations, not in the hsts of the
Stockholm meet, much more than satisfactorily filled their places
at Lake St. James.
The countries which sent in entries for the events were France, Bel-
gium, Italy, Portugal, Roumania, Serbia, Canada, Australia, and the
United States.
Most of the best swimmers of these countries were entered as com-
petitors, though in a few cases certain countries did not have indivi-
dual champions in all the events, the war having played havoc in the
ranks of swimmers as among the exponents of other sports.
The fresh, clear waters of the beautiful Mare St. James in the world
famous Bois de Boulogne, furnished probably the most picturesque
setting ever given to a great swimming meet. The natural beauty
of the lake was enhanced by the artistic decorations of the course
with festoons of the flags of all nations while surrounding the entire
cove were boxes built for spectators, these also being handsomely
decorated. The course itself was of the standard 100-metre length
used in all international contests of such magnitude. Permanent
starting and turning platforms were built at each end of the course by
the American engineers who had also accurately surveyed and attested
See pages 401 409 417 425 for swimming pictures.
288 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
to the course itself. The width of each platform was 25 meters. The
full 100 metres at each side of the course was outlined with ropes, a
float bearing the flag of one of the competing nations being placed
every twenty meters to define the course still more clearly.
The names of such men as Norman Ross, Biddle and Gardner,
United States, Bacigalupo and Massa, Italy, Longworth, Hardwick
and Solomons, Australia, Sommer, Lehu and Rigal, France, and
Boin, Belgium, stand for swimming ability and reputation throughout
the world. These men were the stars of the meet. Many of the
European competitors had previously contested and won Olympic
championships at Stockholm in 1912.
Without question the greatest individual star of the meet was
Lieutenant Norman Ross of the United States Air Service. Ross
was entered in the 100-meter free style, 100-meter back stroke, 400-
meter free style, 800-meter free style and 1500-meter free style and,
by winning every one of these races in which he started, set a mark
hi international swimming that has never before been attained. Besides
winning these final races, he also had to swim in heats and in some
instances in semifinals before he defeated the picked natators of
the world. He was also the star player of the United States water-
polo team which was defeated by France four goals to three, Ross
netting two of the United States goals. Besides all this he swam
the final two hundred meters in the relay race.
No other swimmer was able to cope with the skill, speed and
endurance of Ross. The hardest race of the American champion
was the final one in the 100-meter free style when Solomons of Aus-
tralia swam into second place three seconds behind him. The Aus-
tralian team, which took second place in the score column with
14 points to 21 scored by the United States, was a remarkably
well balanced aggregation. The Australians, Longworth, Hardwick,
and Solomons, backed up by Stedman, Dexter, Springfield and
others, showed striking consistency in taking the second and third places.
In the heats and semifinals of practically all events the French,
Italians and Belgians swam well and qualified some of their men to
go into the finals. But in the last test the swimmers of the United
States and Australia proved too strong for the entries of their Allies,
France alone, in the person of Somer, being the only other country
to register a first place in any of the races. This victory was in the
200-meter breast stroke, in which Hallard, also of France, took third
place. Bacigalupo swam into a meritorious third place in the 1500-
Top— Italian soccer team. Bottom— Czecho-Slovakian soccer team, wimier of championship.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 291
meter free style by defeating Springfield and Morris, both of Australia,
in one of the most exciting races for a place held during the meet.
Belgium, France, Portugal, and the United States were entered
in the water polo championship, the men from Belgium eventually
proving themselves the champions at this game. Water Polo is one
of the great aquatic sports of Europe and the French and Belgian
teams both appeared to advantage in the games they played. In
the first contest the United States met France and an exciting struggle
resulted in the victory of the French whose team work proved too heavy
a handicap for the Americans. By a series of clever passes and other
evidences of thorough team coordination the French, through Rigal
and Lehu, scored four goals, the former netting three. Of the three
goals scored by the United States two were made by Ross and one
by Rogers.
The second game of the series was to have been played between
Portugal and Belgium, but through an accident to one of its players
Portugal was unable to go into the game, thus forfeiting to Belgium.
This brought Belgium and France together for the final contest to
decide the championship. The game was played on 1 July. At
half time Belgium had scored one goal through Fleuriex and France
had been unable to score. In the second period the contest was
just as close. Towards the end the Belgian teamwork was at its best
when Gludts and Steffens both secured goals making the final score,
Belgium three, France nothing.
The results of the entire program follow:
100-Meter Free Style, 27 June:
First Heat — Won by N. Ross, United States; Stedman, Australia,
second; F. Frassinett, Italy, third; J. Gludts, Belgium, fourth.
Time, 64 1-5 sec.
Second Heat — Won by L. Solomons, Australia; M. Massa, Italy,
second; G. Pouille, France, third. Time, 70 1-5 sec.
Third Heat — Won by J. Hincks, United States; J. Dexter, Aus-
tralia, second; M. Pernod, France, third. Time, 67 2-5 sec.
Fourth Heat— Won by S. Biddle, United States; J. Wuyts, Bel-
gium, second; G. Kustermann, third. Time, 72 sec.
100-Meter Free Style, 28 June:
First Heat — Won by N. Ross, United States; Solomons, Australia,
second; M. Massa, Italy, third. Time, 1 m. 8 1-5 sec.
Second Heat — Won by J. Hincks, United States; Stedman, Aus-
tralia, second; J. Dexter, AustraHa, third. Time, 1 m. 10 2-5 sec.
292 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
100-Meter Free Style, Finals, 30 June:
Won by N. Ross, United States; Solomons, Australia, second;
Stedman, Australia, third. Time, 64 3-5 sec.
400-Meter Free Style, Trials, 26 June:
First Heat— Won by N. Ross, United States; Hardwick, Australia,
second; Frassinett, Italy, third. Time, 6 m. 11 sec.
Second Heat— Won by Longworth, Australia; Biddle, United
States, second; Belleza, Italy, third. Time, 6 m. 41 sec.
Third Heat— Won by Stedman, Australia; Massa, Italy, second;
Manly, United States, third; Mayand, France, fourth. Time
6 m. 7 1-5 sec.
400-Meter Free Style, Finals, 28 June:
Won by N. Ross, United States; Longworth, AustraHa, second;
Stedman, Australia, third. Time, 5 m. 40 2-5 sec.
800-Meter Free Style, Trials, 26 June:
First Heat — Won by Bacigalupo, Italy; Morris, Australia, second;
Lang, United States, third. Time, 13 m. 51 1-5 sec.
Second Heat — Won by Ross, United States, Hardwick, Austraha,
second; Costa, Italy, third; Nivet, France, fourth. Time, 13 m.
10 4-5 sec.
Third Heat — Won by Longworth, Australia; Douglas, United
States, second; Duvanel, France, third. Time, 14 m. 7 1-7 sec.
800-Meter Free Style, Finals, 1 July:
Won by Ross, United States; Longworth, Australia, second; Hard-
wick, Australia, third. Time, 12 m. 34 sec.
100-Mefer Back Stroke, Trials, 26 June:
First Heat — Won by Ross, United States; Lehu, France, second;
Derwin, Belgium, third. Time, 1 m. 32 2-5 sec.
Second Heat — Won by Biddle, United States, Gardner, United
States, second; Dujardin, France, third. Time 1 m. 36 1-5 sec.
100-Mefer Back Stroke, Finals, 28 June:
Won by Ross, United States; Gardner, United States, second; Lehu,
France, third. Time, 1 m. 31 2-5 sec.
200-Meter Breast Stroke, Trials, 27 June:
First Heat — Won by Biersack, United States; Hallard, France,
second; Everaerts, Belgium, third. Time, 3 m. 26 4-5 sec.
Second Heat — Won by Sommer, France; Delahaye, Belgium,
second; Hewell, third. Time, 3 m. 26 2-5 sec.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 293
Third Heat— Won by Neeck, Belgium; Hermant, France, second;
Monahan, United States, third. Time, 3 m. 28 3-5 sec.
200-Me/er Breast Stroke, Finals, 30 June:
Won by Sommer, France; Biersack, United States, second; Hallard,
France, third. Time, 3 m. 24 2-5 sec.
I,b00-Meter Free Style, Trials, 27 June:
First Heat— Won by Bacigalupo, Italy; Springfield, Australia,
second; Chretien, France, third; Long, United States, fourth.
Time, 26 m. 2 2-5 sec.
Second Heat— Won by Ross, United States; Hardwick, Australia,
second; Morris, Australia, third; Costa, Italy, fourth. Time,
24 m. 30 1-5 sec.
1,500-Mefer Free Style, Finals, 30 June:
Won by Ross, United States; Hardwick, Australia, second; Baci-
galupo, Italy, third, Springfield, Australia, fourth; Morris,
Australia, fifth. Time, 24 m. 22 2-5 sec.
800-Meter Relay, 1 July:
Won by Australia — Hardwick, Steadman, Longworth, Dexter.
Second, United States — Ross, Hincks, Biddle, Gardner.
Third, Italy — ^Bacigalupo, Costa, Massa, Frassinetti.
Time, 10 m. 11 1-5 sec.
Water-Polo, 26 June:
France, 4 goals. — ^United States, 3 goals.
France — Decium, Pernet, Rigal, Dujardin, Vanlaer, Jourarit, Lehu.
U. S. — Rogers, Manly, Gardner, Douglas, McDonald, Scarry, Ross.
Goals — France, Lehu 1, Rigal 3; U. S., Ross 2, Rogers 1.
Water Polo, 28 June:
Belgium. — ^Portugal withdrew.
Water Polo, 1 July:
Belgium, 3 — ^France,
France — Dujardin, Perned, Decein, Rigal, Lehu, Meister, Jonault.
Belgium — Durand, Bein, Steffens, Deman, Cludts, Fleuriex, Derwin.
Goals — ^France, 0; Belgium, Fleuriex 1, Cludts 1, Steffens 1.
Lt. Rogers, U.S.A., referee.
Final Score:
The final official score made by the contesting countries follows:
United States, 21
Australia, 14
France, 5
Italy, 2
TENNIS
EATURED by brilliant and hard-fought matches in every
event, the Inter-Allied Tennis competition, contested by
the court stars of seven nations and completed before
the actual Games themselves, proved a triumph for France
and Australia. With the three Antipodean players, Pat O'Hara-Wood,
G. L. Patterson and Lycett at top speed, the Australians threatened
to make a clean sweep on the courts. That complete victory was
denied them, however, when Andre H. Gobert, France's leading player,
Gobert
of Prance,
winner of
Tennis
Singles
championship.
O'Hara-Wood
of Australia,
runner up in
Tennis
Singles
championship.
defeated O'Hara-Wood forthe individual championship. Australia had
to be content with the doubles title, team championship, and runner-up
honors in the individual match. America's best bid was in the doubles
in which Watson Washburn and Dean Mathey, two old intercollegiate
and " Big Ten " stars lasted through the finals.
Gobert and the three Australians stand out in a field of fast players;
Gobert, former doubles champion of England, has been one of France's
leading players since 1911. Blessed with great height and an immense
reach, his ubiquitous racquet is equally disconcerting on either the
See pages 133 441 for tennis pictures.
PERSHING STADIUM PARIS 295
back or upcourt. His play in the individual and team championships
in singles was unconquerable.
Pat O'Hara-Wood, Victoria champion in singles, who, paired with
his brother Arthur, killed during the war, had also been Victoria cham-
pion in doubles, possesses a speedy forehand drive down the line
which is disconcertingly accurate and is his most brilliant shot. His
defeat of Patterson, in a long, five-set match, proved his mettle.
Lycett, teamed with O'Hara-Wood, lived up to his reputation
as one of the most dangerous doubles players in Australia. G. L. Pat-
terson, who contributed materially to the victory in the team event,
is recalled as the 19-year-old stripling who just before the war was
runner-up to Arthur O'Hara-Wood in the Australian championship.
Possessor of a tremendous service and smash and a heavily topped
drive on both forehand and backhand which he hits with the same
face of the racquet, his one fault is a bit of unsteadiness off the ground.
The other Australian entry was Ronald V. Thomas, South Australian
champion, who plays a sound all-round game.
The singles and doubles were played on the courts of the Racing
Club of France, ideally situated in the beautiful Bois de Boulogne.
The team event was staged at the Stade Frangais, in the Bois de
Boulogne. Excellent weather prevailed throughout the week of play.
Australia, France, America, Canada, Roumania, Czecho-Slovakia,
Serbia and Belgium sent representatives.
The American entries were Captain Watson Washburn, Lieutenant
Dean Mathey, Lieutenant Harry C. Breck, Mr. Arthur Sweetser and
Captain Neil C. Stevens. Washburn and Mathey were known to all
American tennis enthusiasts as members of the "Big Ten" before
they came across. Sweetser, a demobilized ofTicer, was at one time
captain of the Harvard tennis team. Breck, a typically violent Cali-
fornia player from Leland Stanford University, some years ago played
Billie Johnston five sets for a sectional championship. The New
Jersey championship was once won by Stevens. All of these five
players won the right to represent the United States by eliminating
other Americans.
Samazeuilh, of Bordeaux, the best tennis player in the south of
France, is short and stocky. His play resulted in a dogged backcourt
game that twice overcame the hard-hitting but erratic Roumanian,
Mishu.
Brugnon, one of the most promising French players, who defeated
Washburn in the French indoor and Mathey in the outdoor cham-
296 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
pionship, has no peculiar strokes, a well-rounded game with an
American service being his mainstay.
The French champion, Decugis, had not shown to advantage
during the season. He has been one of the leading players of the
Continent for the past fifteen years but seems to have difficulty in
coming back. He was teamed with Gobert in doubles.
Temperament was one of the chief characteristics of the Rouma-
nians. The team consisted of Nicholas Mishu, Horace Eremie, Rosetti-
Balanescu, Mihail Stern and Serge Lecca. Mishu, the Roumanian
champion, has a wide assortment of strokes and jokes often spoken
of. In the tournament, although he lost matches to Samazeuilh and
Gobert, his good-natured rivalry and serious actions made him a winner
with the spectators.
Captain Horace Eremie, one of Roumania's two delegates to the
Inter-Allied Games, also represented his country in the courts. Though
woefully short of practice he endeared himself to all by his enthusiasm
and sportsmanship.
Stern, who arrived with Lecca from Bucharest only the day before
the tournament began, was one of the pioneers of tennis in Roumania
and held the championship there from 1907 to 1912 inclusive. Owing
to lack of practice he could not do himself justice. His speech at the
tennis dinner given to the players quite brought down the house.
It's text was: "Poland regretted; Greece wrote; Roumania came !"
Of the Czecho-Slovaks, the Kozeluh Brothers and Burianek were
professionals. The former showed a very sound backcourt game,
something on the style of Froitzheim.
Josef Kozeluh was runner-up in a professional tournament in Ger-
many before the war. Not having had much experience in match
play both brothers were inclined to weaken in the pinches.
Ladislav Zemla won third prize in doubles in the Olympic Games
in Athens in 1906, played in the Olympic Games Tournament in London
in 1908, and won fourth prize in singles in Stockholm in 1912. At
the outbreak of tho war he was an officer in the Austrian Army, but
deserted to the Russians, like 400,000 of his countrymen, and fought
as an officer in the Russian-Czeck Legion until the Russian collapse.
After this he enlisted as a private for service in France with the Czech
Legion, coming to France by way of Archangel. He earned another
commission in France. The fifth Czecho-Slovakian entry was Zeman.
Only one entry, Lt. Col. H. G. Mayes, represented Canada, and
he defaulted after winning his first match because of orders calling
Top— French soccer team, runners-up. Boitom— Roumanian soccer team.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 299
him from Paris. Colonel Mayes represented Canada in the Davis
Cup preliminaries at Lake Forest in 1914 against Brookes and Wilding.
The Serbians had Zatka Zagar, Nedric Mirlta, Julie Brucker, and
Boto Popovitch as representatives. Many of their matches were
defaulted by them, so little can be judged of their playing.
Belgium was not entered in the individual championship, but
Washer and Lammens took part in the team tournament. Washer,
the Belgian titleholder, played a steady back-court game, seldom
taking the net. Lammens was his partner in doubles.
Play in the individual singles began at the Racing Club on 26 May
with thirty entries. The club, one of the most famous in France,
possesses splendid courts. These and the stands were decorated
with flags and bunting of the Allied nations. In spite of transporta-
tion difficulties occasioned by the subway strike, big crowds were
always on hand.
The championship was conducted as an ordinary tournament except
that no nation could enter more than five singles players and two
doubles pairs. Matches were won by the best three out of five sets.
Officials were chosen from contestants in the A.E.F. tournament
held in Paris in May. Allied players also served as referees and linemen.
Officials proved satisfactory and there were no disputed decisions.
Among the distinguished guests and spectators at various times
throughout the play were General Pershing and the members of his
staff, Mr. Bonar Law, Mr. Balfour and several officers of the French
and Roumanian services.
Gobert won the individual championship of the Allied nations by
disposing in turn of such experts as K. Kozeluh, Washburn and O'Hara-
Wood. Although having a reputation for erratic and inconsistent
play, he belied this and none of his victories were for long in doubt.
His terrific first serve scored many aces and his beautiful side drives
won point after point as well as lowering his opponent's morale. Some
of his returns were made after the opposing player had already counted
the point as won.
O'Hara-Wood fought his way to the finals over Sweetser, Patterson
and Samazeuilh only to fall an easy victim to the champion. His
play was consistent until this last match in which he displayed his
poorest tennis. In his five-set match with his team-mate, Patterson,
the spectators were treated to an exhibition of clever service, driving
and lobbing from start to finish. The victory was in doubt until
the final point, for both players are extremely versatile.
300 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
In the doubles, O'Hara-Wood and Lycett won from Washburn
and Mathey in the final of four sets. This team worked perfectly
together and, outside of their thrilling love-set match with the Kozeluh
brothers, they had clear sailing. Washburn and Mathey gained a
noteworthy victory over the other Australian team, Patterson-
Thomas, in the semifinals. The result of this match kept the large
crowd of enthusiastic rooters until after hours. The fifth set was
won at 12-10.
The following are the results of the Individual championship
played at the Racing Club de France, 26 May-1 June, 1919:
Singles:
Preliminary round —
Gobert, France, defeated Stern, Roumania, 6-2, 6-1, 6-1.
K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Mirlta, Serbia, 6-0,
6-0, 6-0.
Rosetti-Balanescu, Roumania, defeated Manset, France, 6-1,
6-4, 6-0.
Washburn, America, defeated Zeman, Czecho-Slovakia, 6-4,
7-5, 6-4.
Brugnon, France, defeated Zagar, Serbia, by default.
Breck, America, defeated Burianek, Czecho-Slovakia, 6-2, 7-5,
5-7, 5-7, 6-3.
Lycett, Australia, defeated J. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, 7-5,
1-6, 3-6, 11-9, 6-3.
Patterson, Australia, defeated Sweetser, America, 6-2, 7-5,
2-6, 7-5.
Zemla, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Decugis, France, 6-2, 6-4,
4-6, 6-4.
O'Hara Wood, Australia, defeated Stevens, America, 2-6, 6-4,
6-3, 6-1.
Mathey, America, defeated Brucker, Serbia, by default.
Mishu, Roumania, defeated Thomas, Australia, 6-3, 7-5, 6-8,
6-1.
Samazeuilh, France, defeated Lecca, Roumania, 6-2, 6-0, 6-1.
First round —
Gobert, France, defeated Eremie, Roumania, 6-0, 6-2, 6-1.
K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Rosetti-Balanescu, Rou-
mania, 6-0, 7-5, 6-1.
Washburn, America, defeated Brugnon, France, 6-3, 6-2, 6-4.
Breck, America, defeated Lycett, Australia, 6-1 , 6-3, 8-10, 3-6, 6-3.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 301
Patterson, Australia, defeated Zemla, Czecho-Slovakia 6-1
6-4, 6-2.
O'Hara-Wood, Australia, defeated Mathey, America, 6-3, 6-4
6-3.
Samazeuilh, France, defeated Mishu, Roumania, 5-7, 6-4, 7-5
1-6, 6-4.
Mayes, Canada, defeated Popovitch, Serbia, 6-0, 6-0, 6-0.
Second round —
Gobert, France, defeated K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, 6-2,
7-5, 8-6.
Washburn, America, defeated Breck, America, 1-6, 6-1, 6-4,
6-2.
O'Hara-Wood, Australia, defeated Patterson, Australia, 6-4,
7-9, 6-2, 2-6, 7-5.
Samazeuilh, France, defeated Mayes, Canada, by default.
Semi-final round —
Gobert, France, defeated Washburn, America, 6-2, 6-3, 4-6,
6-2.
O'Hara-Wood, Australia, defeated Samazeuilh, France, 6-4,
6-2, 8-6.
Finals — •
Gobert, France, defeated O'Hara Wood, Australia, 6-2, 6-2,
6-1.
Doubles:
Preliminary round —
Washburn-Mathey, America, defeated Brugnon-Manset,
France, 6-0, 7-5, 3-6, 6-2.
Zemla-Burianek, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Mirlta-Popovitch,
Serbia, by default.
O'Hara-Wood-Lycett, Australia, defeated Kozeluh-Kozeluh,
Czecho-Slovakia, 5-7, 6-3, 3-6, 6-4, 6-2.
First round —
Thomas-Patterson, Australia, defeated Stern-Lecca, Rou-
mania, 6-1, 6-1, 6-1.
Washburn-Mathey, America, defeated Zemla-Burianek, Cze-
cho-Slovakia, 1-6, 6-3, 6-8, 6-4, 6-2.
O'Hara-Wood-Lycett, Australia, defeated Mishu-Eremie, Rou-
mania, 6-4, 6-1, 6-3.
Gobert-Decugis, France, defeated Breck-Sweetser, America,
3-6, 6-3, 6-2, 6-3.
302 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Semi-fmal round—
Washburn-Mathey, America, defeated Thomas-Patterson, Aus-
tralia, 3-6, 6-4, 4-6, 6-1, 12-10.
O'Hara-Wood-Lycett, Australia, defeated Gobert-Decugis,
France, 6-4, 6-3, 6-3.
Finals^-
O'Hara-Wood-Lycett, Australia, defeated Washburn-Mathey,
America, 6-1, 4-6, 6-1, 6-3.
The team championship event succeeded the individual event.
The Stade Francais club is one of the most beautiful in France.
Its spacious grounds for tennis, cricket, soccer, Rugby and track
afford a most excellent place for followers of these sports. The courts
are twelve in number with one well situated for grandstand play.
This latter court is of red clay. The stands rise up on all four sides.
The club house is larger than the one at the Racing Club, with spa-
cious dressing rooms.
In this tournament there were also seven nations represented.
Canada dropped out and Belgium placed entries. The play started
2 June and ended 8 June. Each nation entered two singles players
and one double pair. The matches were played according to the
Davis Cup scheme; that is, each singles player played the opposing
two singles players and there was one doubles contest. In each
match between nations there were, therefore, four singles matches
and one doubles unless one nation could win the necessary three out
of five in the first three or four contests. The nations were drawn
against each other just as the players in a tournament.
Austraha proved to have the best balanced team and won by
defeating Serbia, France and America. O'Hara-Wood and Patterson
were responsible for the singles victories and the former, teamed
with Lycett, defeated all opponents in doubles.
America was represented by Washburn and Mathey, France by
Gobert, Samazeuilh and Decugis, Roumania by Mishu and Eremie,
Belgium by Washer and Lammens, and Czecho-Slovakia by K. Koze-
luh, J. Kozeluh, Zemla and Burianek.
The Serbians defaulted all matches, although entered, in order
to fill an earlier engagement to give a demonstration of the Sokol
system of gymnastics at Nancy.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 303
The following are the results of team championship tournament.
Doubles:
Preliminary round —
France defeated Roumania by 4 matches to —
Samazeuilh, France, defeated Eremie, Roumania, 6-0, 6-0, 6-3.
Gobert, France, defeated Mishu, Roumania, 6-4, 6-4, 6-4.
Samazeuilh, France, defeated Mishu, Roumania, 3-6,7-5,-6-1,
6-2.
Gobert-Decugis, France, defeated Mishu-Eremie, Roumania,
3-6, 7-5, 6-4, 6-4.
Gobert and Eremie did not play their singles match.
Australia defeated Serbia by default.
Czecho-Slovakia defeated Belgium by 4 matches to 1 —
K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Lammens, Belgium,
6-2, 6-2, 6-0.
J. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Washer, Belgium, 6-8,
6-3, 4-6, 6-4, 6-2.
K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Washer, Belgium,
12-10, 6-3, 6-1.
J. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Lammens, Belgium,
6-2, 4-6, 6-4, 6-2.
Washer-Lammens, Belgium, defeated Zemla-Burianek, Czecho-
slovakia, 6-2, 6-4, 2-6, 7-5.
First round —
Australia defeated France by 3 matches to 2 —
Gobert, France, defeated O'Hara-Wood, AustraHa, 6-4, 6-3,
6-2.
Patterson, Australia, defeated Samazeuilh, France, 2-6, 6-3,
6-4, 5-7, 6-2.
Gobert, France, defeated Patterson, Australia, 6-4, 1-6, 5-7,
7-5, 6-4.
O'Hara-Wood-Lycett, Australia, defeated Gobert-Decugis,
France, 2-6, 2-6, 6-3, 10-8, 6-4.
America defeated Czecho-Slovakia by 4 matches to 1 —
Washburn, America, defeated K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia,
4-6, 11-9, 6-3, 6-3.
Mathey, America, defeated J. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, 6-3,
6-2, 6-2.
Washburn, America, defeated J. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia,
4-6, 8-6, 6-3, 6-3.
304
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
K. Kozeluh, Czecho-Slovakia, defeated Mathey, America, 6-2,
6-4, 6-2.
Washburn-Mathey, America, defeated Kozeluh-Kozeluh, Cze-
cho-Slovakia, 6-4, 6-3, 6-2.
Finals —
Australia defeated America by 3 matches to —
Patterson, Australia, defeated Washburn, America, 6-1, 4-6,
6-1, 4-6, 7-5.
O'Hara-Wood, Australia, defeated Mathey, America, 0-6, 8-6,
6-0, 6-4.
O'Hara-Wood-Lycett, Australia, defeated Washburn-Mathey,
America, 6-4, 6-3, 6-2.
Golf. Top— French team. Bottom Ze/(~Laflttp, Prance. Bottom center-
Bottom riijht — J. Bomboudiac, France.
-K. Golias, France.
TRACK AFIELD
FINAL TEAM STANDING
United States 92
France 12
New Zealand 6
Australia 5
Canada 4
Greece 1
MERiCA's overwhelming victory in the Inter-Allied Track and
Field meet was not altogether unexpected. Past Olympic
Games had prepared other competing nations for the supe-
riority of United States track and field athletes . So complete
was the victory, however, that from the spectators' viewpoint, thrilling
finishes and exciting competitions were tempered by the ease with
which the blue-breeched athletes bested their less experienced
opponents.
The results of the Inter-Allied meet were never in doubt. Years
ago when our forefathers established and developed the athletic
education of the American youth, the training season began which
has shown its fruits in many international athletic triumphs as well
as in the strength and morale of the nation. When Charles W. Pad-
dock and Edward Teschner drew out ahead of the field of sprinters
and breasted the yarn across the finish of the 100 and 200-meter
dashes, when Earl Eby and Phil Spink pulled away from the 400-meter
champions of other nations, who apparently were more powerfully
built, when Clyde Stout raced into victory in the 1,500-meter run-
then could America fully appreciate its public playgrounds, its mass
athletics and its high school and collegiate athletic programs. For
each winner had passed through every stage from boyhood tests of
skill to the finals of the Inter-Allied Games.
The grace and ease with which Robert Simpson and Fred Kelly
of the United States team flew over the high hurdles won the admira-
tion of a multitude of French enthusiasts. Again in the low hurdles
Simpson excelled, while his teammates, William F. Sylvester and
Meredith House, ran close behind in a race that missed the world's
record by a fifth of a second.
See page 449 for track and field pictures.
308 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The field events showed even more plainly the superior training
of Yankee athletes. With comparatively little effort, and that same
nonchalant ease of motion, the lithe-limbed Americans made a clean
sweep of nearly every field event. Far beyond the small national
flags which marked the distances of other jumpers or weight throwers,
the star-spangled pennants invariably waved. As the meet pro-
gressed the spectators were asking, not "Who won?" but "Did he
break a world's record?"
On the smoothly rolled field at Pershing Stadium, the American
athletes stood out above the rest as they went through their paces.
In their neat, white shirts, red-bordered and bearing a large red
U.S., and their navy-blue, satin track trousers, cut short enough
to give thigh muscles full play, they presented a picture that will
live long in the memories of the thousands of doughboys who learned
a new appreciation of track and field athletics during those two
weeks of games.
In the hand-grenade throw, a new event on athletic programs,
three Yankee soldiers took the honors among competitors of eight
other nations, the winner being an Army Chaplain, F. C. Thompson,
a veteran all-round athlete, who holds the present world's record.
The discus throw is of Grecian origin, but one would not have
suspected it after watching Charles Higgins, Richard L. Byrd, cap-
tain of the American team, and James Duncan, the world's record-
holder, win the first three places. Again in the pole vault three
United States athletes soared above the rest and again their graceful
style cheered the American watchers, proud not only of their favorites
but of the national system that develops such performers. H. W.
Floyd cleared the bar at 12 feet even, an impressive height to foreign
spectators, but an average mark in American competition.
Three American relay teams captured first place in the 800-meter,
1,600-meter and medley relays. Directly after the 800-meter relay
finals it was announced that the mark of 1 minute 30 4-5 seconds,
established by the American quartette of sprinters, had clipped
five and a fifth seconds from the world's record made at the Olympic
Games in 1912, but it was discovered later that even this new mark
had been eclipsed a month before at the Pennsylvania Relay Car-
nival in the United States.
Five years of suffering and privation have not prevented the
development of a new and larger interest in athletics in France. The
Inter-Allied Games, coming as they did during the days of the sign-
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 309
ing of the peace, marked the turning point. Encouraged by their
showing of placing second, learning much of American methods and
forms by training with United States athletes and under a Y.M.C.A.
trainer for weeks before the Games, and urged on by hitherto
unequalled local press publicity, the track and field athletes of
France are ushering in the dawn of a new era in the local sporting
world. The spirit of participation in physical games has even reached
the youngsters on the streets who watch with wonder crowds of sol-
diers playing baseball and later make earnest efforts to learn the game
themselves.
France's total of 12 points in the Inter-Allied Games does not
correctly tell the tale of the showing made by the Tricolor athletes.
Had the American team withdrawn before the meet, the propor-
tionate score would have been nearly the same with France occupying
the top position in the point column. In nearly every event,
especially the jumps and weights, athletes of France were just nosed
out of the scoring by the more experienced Americans.
To Jean Vermeulen of France belongs the honor of winning two
Inter- Allied distance titles. Wounded in battle, one arm hangs
limp at his side, but in spite of this physical disadvantage the hero
of many European races outclassed the field and sprinted in many
yards ahead in the Marathon and Gross-Country races.
George Andre, a veteran of two Olympic Games and holder of
many French records, went through the paces of the Pentathlon, but
was forced to bow to younger blood. His career as a track and field
athlete, which has probably terminated in the historic Inter-Allied
Games, is an inspiration to the younger athletes of France.
The Frenchman's pleasure at winning cannot be disguised by the
mask of indifference worn by the American winner or loser. He does
not attempt to conceal his emotions and after a winning race he
grins proudly and searches the cheering faces in the audience for
friends to whom he happily waves.
Australia and New Zealand, .Anglo-Saxon brothers of Americans,
were not represented by large teams at the Inter-Allied Games. Per-
haps the score would have been very different if more of their cham-
pions had taken the long trip to compete in the Games. Those
athletes who wore the black shirt and white sprig of New Zealand,
and the sky-blue suits with golden emblem of Australia, demon-
strated that they had been well coached in the fine points of the game
by their showing alongside the Americans. Mason, of New Zealand,
310 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
in his victory over Earl Eby of the United States, proved his quality
as a champion in the 800-meter run. Lindsay of the same country
showed well in the sprint events, placing third in the finals of the
200-meter dash. The Australian 1,600-meter and medley teams
gave the American quartette a fast brush and finished as runners-up
in both races only a few feet behind.
Canada's athletes, too, were similar to the Americans m form
and style of competition. The closeness of the two countries has
developed many international sporting competitions which have
greatly unified their athletic systems. The few Canadians entered
made a fine showing.
Roumania and Greece entered in every event. Persistent and
dogged, their efforts were frequently noticed by the audience, and
the stocky, short athletes stuck to the finish in every race however
far they had been outdistanced. The swarthy-complexioned, dark-
haired men from southeastern Europe proved they were sportsmen
through and through.
Italy's track and field athletics are undergoing the same change
that is evident in France. Although they did not break into the
point column the Italians were very observing of the performances
of the winners and the large number who participated in the Inter-
AUied Games surely took back to their country a better knowledge
of the training systems that pave the way for victory.
The trial heats in the 100-meter gave promise of the beautiful
race which the final developed. In every heat the French record
of 11 seconds was equalled and as runners seldom extend themselves
in trials, better time was in prospect for the finish. The first semi-
final quafified Teschner, U.S., Lindsay N.Z., Butler, U.S., and Seurin,
France. The second admitted Paddock, U.S., Howard, Canada,
Caste, France, and Croci, Italy.
The start in the final was almost perfect and brought the specta-
tors to their feet in cheers. Flashing down the straightaway to the
75-meter mark, the sprinters were almost neck and neck; but at this
point Charles W. Paddock, the brilliant American dash man, drew
away and raced to the tape in splendid form, making the century
in 10 4-5 seconds. He clipped a fifth of a second off the French mark
and came within a fifth of the world's record. Paddock barely beat
out his teammate, Eddie Teschner, while Howard of Canada took
third place. Lindsay, the lank New Zealander who had twice run
the course in 11 flat, winning both his trial heat and his semifinal
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 311
and who was picked as a favorite against Paddock, finished last, a
few inches behind Caste of France.
The furlong brought fresh honors to Paddock who not only won
the event but equalled the world's record when he sprinted the 200-
meter distance in 21 3-5 seconds. Teschner again finished second
and this time Lindsay registered for New Zealand by taking third place.
The trial heats were run in slow time that hardly presaged Pad-
dock's final successful burst of speed. The American star finished
his first heat in 22 4-5, the best time made in any of the five
preliminaries, but in his semifinal he was outdistanced by the Cana-
dian, Haliburton, who ran the 200 meters this time in a fifth of
a second less time. Teschner, the A.E.F. champion, had done his
trial heat in 23 flat, but in the semifinal finished second to Howard,
Canada. Lindsay again starred in the preliminaries. He won both
his trial heat and his semifinal. Yet in the final. Paddock literally
breezed home a yard in front of Teschner who in turn had an easy
place. Third honors were in doubt until within five yards of the
tape when Lindsay prevented a clean sweep for America by forging
ahead of Haddock.
By all odds one of the prettiest track contests of the Games, figured
from preliminary to final, was presented by the 400-metcr dash.
Good quartermilers seemed to abound.
Three American runners finished first in three of the five trial
heats, but the day's honors went to a Frenchman, Devaux, who made
the best time and registered a clean fifteen-yard win. His teammate,
Delvart, would have won his heat from Hume of Australia, but mis-
judged his distance and pulled up ten yards from the finish, barely
recognizing his mistake in time to qualify in third place. _
Earl Eby, the splendid American middle-distance man who finally
won the event, ran a carefully judged first heat in slow time, but in
his semifinal extended himself a bit more and ran the quarter in
51 flat with ten yards of day-Hght showing between his heels and those
of the New Zealander, Wilton. Spink, U.S., again won his heat while
Delvart this time took his, dropping Gray of America.
Eby was forced to fast time to win the final by his teammate,
Spink, who furnished a surprise in his showing. One hundred meters
from the finish Eby left the field behind and ended in 50 flat, but
Spink was at his heels to the close and but three yards behind him.
Spink's placing dropped Wilton of New Zealand to third place and
kept the dashing Delvart out of the scoring.
312 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The little blonde champion, Eby, however, met his first European
defeat and his match in the 800-meter run in which Mason of New
Zealand supplied a brilHantly run and judged victory. While Mason's
win over the national 600-yard champion was quite unexpected, sur-
prising the spectators who were looking to see Eby repeat his quarter
mile triumph, there was no reason to discount the possibilities of the
Antipodean as a victor. He had already outdistanced Eby in the
preliminary heat (the latter finished third, with Bergemeier of Aus-
tralia second) and although neither had extended himself. Mason's
time of 2 minutes even was good.
In the final. Mason took an excellently calculated chance and
practically ran a lead race all the way. Eby had to begin his final
spurt from sixth place in the field, and did succeed in passing all but
the New Zealander. Eby, like most of the spectators, probably
figured that Mason had set too strenuous a pace to have a spurt left
in him, but the Colonial surprised him. His magnificent flying
finish brought him home a yard ahead of Eby in 1:55 2-5, breaking
the French record. The sturdy Antipodean had outguessed and
outrun Eby. Phil Spink ran third, a good nine yards behind his
teammate.
The preliminaries in the 1,500-meter run were not of exceptional
interest except that Stout's time of 4:16 gave the correct forecast
of the American's eventual victory. For the final, three Americans,
Stout, Shields and Schardt, three Frenchmen, Arnaud, Delvart and
Lacary, two Austrahans, Chalmers and Manley, and La Pierre, Canada,
and Mason, New Zealand, qualified.
The final, however, was prettily contested. Stout's beautiful
spnnt in the last two hundred yards wrested first honors from Arnaud
of France who had set a terrific pace. The Canadian, La Pierre,
sprang a surprise on Shields who was contentedly trotting in, appar-
ently sure of third place. La Pierre sprinted desperately and beat
the American with his last ounce of speed. Mason, the brilliant
New Zealander, had to give up at the last turn, utterly exhausted.
Stout finished ten yards in front of Arnaud, his time being 4 minutes,
5 3-5 seconds.
Lovers of one of the prettiest forms of track competition, the short
dashes over the barriers, had two splendid events at the Games, both
won by the record performer. Bob Simpson of Missouri.
In the 110-meter high hurdles event, it was Simpson and Kelly
all the way, neither a stranger by any manner of means to men who
Golf. Top— American team. BotUym left—PenTl O.B.SLTt,V. H. Bottom center— B.GommicT,
France. Bottom right— F. A. Morse, T\ S.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 315
know the ways of the sticks. The preliminaries were run off in a cold,
drizzling rain, but in spite of that, Simpson, closely pushed by Ken-
dell of New Zealand, tied the French record for the event, 14 4-5
seconds. Fred Kelly, the Californian, ran a slower heat but beat out
Best of Australia by ten yards, while Waldo Ames, American, lost to
Wilson of New Zealand in a nose flnish at the tape.
The final was a prettily fought race between the two Americans,
Simpson this time clipping three-fifths of a second off the French
record in 15 1-5, with Kelly on his shoe strings. It was a blanket
finish, Wilson, the clever New Zealander, taking third.
The 200-meter low-hurdles event was a clean sweep for the United
States. In the trial heats, Sylvester, Simpson and House each won
his race, Meredith House setting a new French record of 26 flat. He
did it running easily. There was nothing to it but America in the
final, Simpson, Sylvester and House finishing in the order named.
Simpson lowered House's French mark to 24 4-5 seconds, only a
fifth short of a world's record which he might have broken but for
an error in the placing of the third barrier. This was two meters
short of its proper location on the track and all ,tliree hurdlers missed
their step on it. Sylvester is also a Missourian.
The American entries won all three relay events without much
difficulty. By far the most spectacular was the shortest, the 800-
meter event, in which the two brilliant running teams. United States
and Canada, twice took a shot at the old-world mark. Both of these
teams ran the 800 meters in 1 minute, 33 1-5 seconds in the trial
heats.
In the first, Paddock, the international sprint champion, started
off for America and gave Haddock a five yard lead. Hume of Aus-
tralia picked up even with the latter on the third lap, but Torkelson
took the baton to Eddie Teschner, the last American runner, with
three yards to spare. Teschner was closely pushed by the last Aus-
trahan and only two yards separated them at the finish.
The Canadian heat, run in the same time, was never in doubt
as the maple-leaf runners secured a long lead over France in the first
lap and never lost it. On the last lap Seurin of France picked up
ten yards on Johnson of Canada in a desperate sprint but was still
five yards behind him at the finish.
Unaware at the time that a new record had just been set at the
Penn Relays, race officials were confident that the time clipped 2 4-5
seconds from the world's record. It was lowered still further m the
316 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
finals which the American team raced in 1 minute, 30 4-5 seconds,
after a thrilling contest with the Canadians, barely nosing them out
by three yards. Although not a new record, the time was a notable
achievement when it is remembered that the old Stockholm figure of
1:36 was set by such a great quartette as Shepherd, Reidpath, Mere-
dith and Lindberg.
In the final Paddock ran first for America and again touched
off Haddock with a five yard lead. Fred Zoellin, formerly of the
Chicago A.A., who carried the baton in the second lap for Canada,
made up two yards, but Torkelson, another Chicago A.A. man, got
a perfect exchange and kept his four-yard lead. Teschner ran the
last relay against the Canadian, Haliburton, and the latter's most
desperate efforts could not gain on him.
Not run in as fast comparative time, the 1,600-meter relay pre-
sented a splendid competition in which America only succeeded in
winning in the final lap. Four nations withdrew their teams before
the race, making preliminaries unnecessary, and Australia and France,
the only other entries, finished in that order. The time was 3
minutes, 38 4-5 seconds.
Tom Campbell of the University of Chicago, who ran first, picked
up a ten yard lead, but the next two "Aussies" evened it up so that
Teschner was touched off five yards behind Fraser. He lay back
until within 100 meters of the tape when, being a dash man and not
a quartermiler, he opened up with the same brand of speed that
brought him the A.E.F. sprint championship and flashed across
the tape in front of the Australian. The winning team was composed
of Tom Campbell, V. H. Campbell, Mehan and Teschner.
The third relay title won by the United States team was captured
by the quartette which ran the medley — Carl Haas, William Gray,
Tom Campbell and M.L. Shields. Touched off for his 1,600 meters
a yard ahead of Manley of Australia, Shields carried the bamboo
across the tape ten yards ahead of the Australian. The United States
team was first, Australia second and France third.
Few achievements of the Inter-Allied Games proved as popular
as the double victory of the crippled French war hero, Jean Vermeulen,
in the cross-country run and the modified Marathon. The former
did not count as a program event but the latter netted a title for France.
Notwithstanding his crippled arm, Vermeulen, grizzled veteran of
many a long-distance grind' found no difficulty in besting the pick
of the rival teams in the Marathon. He was pitted against many of
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 317
the best distance runners in the game. Fred Faller, United States,
ran a plucky race and finished a good second but thirty yards behind
the flying heels of the broadly grinning Vermeulen. Clyde Stout,
the Inter-Allied 1,500-meter champion, finished in fourth place, run-
ning strongly. Masset of Canada was fifth and Giannakapolis of
America sixth. Third place went to France's other contender, Heuet.
The modified Marathon was run in 55 minutes, 11 4-5 seconds.
Robert L. Le Gendre, United States, won the Pentathlon, his
teammate, Vidal, placing second, and Andr6, the veteran French
athlete, third. To clearly demonstrate his individual superiority over
the field, Le Gendre won two first places in the five listed events and
took second place in the other three. His firsts were in the 200-meter
sprint and the broad jump. Le Gendre, a Georgetown University
star in America, holds the Pentathlon title for the Penn Relays. His
victory in the five-event match was over a very small field of nine
representing five nations.
The three programmed weight events resulted in a remarkable
clean sweep for the United States athletes of all but one third place,
although the javelin throw was a new event to the American entries.
The long distance weight heaving of the Americans stood out so
easily over the others as to deprive the events of real competitive
interest.
George Bronder of Cornell, the American recordholder, tossed
the spear 183 feet, 3 inches for the international javelin title, Liver-
sedge of the University of California being but a little over five feet
behind him. Greece won third place in this event, Lt. E. Zirganos
displacing Wagoner. J. T. Butler, Louisiana College, was disquali-
fied by failure to enter the event properly. But for this the United
States team would have won every place in all the weights.
The shot-put results were certain from the start, three Ameri-
cans and one Frenchman qualifying for the finals, and in the latter
finishing in the same order as in the trials. E. R. Caughey, Stanford
University, won the event with a heave of 45 feet, 2 1-4 inches for
the 16-pound ball. Second place went to Harry Liversedge of the
University of California, and third to Wallace C. Maxfield formerly
of Lafayette College.
The discus is probably the prettiest of the weight events still
retained for athletic competition. While the United States again
took all three places, the finals sprung a slight surprise. Higgins of
Chicago, who had been consistently distanced by Richard L. Byrd
318 THE JNTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
of Illinois, Captain of the American team, placed first with a splendid
throw of 134 feet, 1 inch, Byrd being second. Johnny Duncan, the
world's recordholder who had risen from a sick bed to qualify, won the
third place for America. The practice of using the flags of the com-
peting nations to mark the distances achieved proved popular.
Although the hammer throw was not on the program, Pat Ryan
and William McCormick of the United States gave an exhibition, the
former falling short of his own world's record in the event.
The running broad jump event proved an ail-American affair.
Butler, the big negro from Dubuque College, Iowa, was the
star performer and placed first with a jump of 24 feet, 9 3-4 inches-
less than 3 inches from the world's record. Harry Worthington,
A.E.F. champion, took second a few inches behind, and Leo Johnson,
also of America, finished third. In the trials the three winners
placed in the same order that they showed in the finals, and Keddell
of New Zealand, made a good fourth, which was the best he could do
against the above field on the last lap for the record.
William H. Taylor, formerly of the Illinois A.C., outjumped his
rivals in the standing broad jump, chalking up a mark of 11 feet,
1 inch, while James Humphries of Texas, finished a good second,
and Moreau of France took third place in the event for the Tricolor.
In the trials, the above order was slightly different, Taylor and Hum-
phries being reversed in place, Moreau holding third, and Proux,
another French athlete, being the fourth man to qualify for the finals.
Honors in the running high jump went to the United States.
Larson of the American team easily winning at 6 feet, 7-8 inch.
His teammates, Templeton and Rice, tied for second place with
Labat of France. All the winners in the final, together with Lowden
and Mathey, France, and Ghiringhelh, Italy, had previously quali-
fied in the trials by clearing the bar at 5 feet 6 1-4 inches.
America made another clean sweep in the hop, step and jump
event, Prem placing first with 46 feet, 5 1-2 inches. Bender second
with 44 feet, 8 inches, and Madden third with 44 feet, 5 1-2 inches.
Contrary to the showing made in the trails, the American team
had an easy time taking all three places in the pole vault finals.
F. W. Floyd's splendid season was brought to a fine close when he
soared over the bar at 12 feet even. L. S. Ervin, Drake University,
took second honors, and Harwood secured third place for the U.S.
All three French contestants were eliminated at the ll-feet-4-inches
mark, which proved a big surprise in the case of Francquemelle whose
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 319
wonderful form during the trials had made him a favorite for the
title. Gajan and Girard of France also qualified by clearing the
lO-feet-4-inches mark in the trials but they failed to show enough
to place in the finals.
Of the unprogrammed events, the, 10,000-meter cross-country
run over the natural obstacles and barriers in and around Joinville-
le-Pont, finished in the Stadium, was the most interesting. It was
this event which was won by Jean Vermeulen, France, with Broos,
Belgium, second, and Heuet, France, third. The time was 31 minutes,
38 4-5 seconds.
. Seven nations competed in the spectacular hand-grenade event,
in which Chaplain F. C. Thompson of the United States Army set a
new world's record of 245 feet, 11 inches. S.H.Thompson andWyca-
vage, both American, took the other two places. There were 24 entries.
There were two special events for competitors from the Armies
of Occupation. A jump of 6.60 meters gave Madden of America
first place in the running broad jump. Nespoh, Italy, was second,
and Coulon, France, third.
In the 800-meter relay race Italy protested the initial victory of
France, but in the runoff the French team finished first again,
America retaining third place.
Coming, as it did, coincidentally with peace after five years of
world conflict, the Inter-Allied meet united the friendly bonds of
the Allies and gave a new birth to the temporarily forgotten track
and field athletics. Living together, training together and playing
together for weeks before the Games at Pershing Stadium, the athletes
of the different nations developed a sympathetic understanding,
exchanged knowledge of the game and laid the foundations of a closer
friendship cemented by the common cause which had brought them
together.
The complete summaries of the Track and Field events of the
Inter-AUied Games follow:
lOO-rriBter Dash:
Preliminaries —
1st heat— Teschner, U.S.; Seurin, France;Valianato, Roumania,
Time— 0:11.
2nd heat— Lindsay, New Zealand; Haliburton, Canada; Garter,
Australia. Time — 0:11.
3rd heat— Butler U. S.; Hume, Australia; Zoellin, Canada.
Time— 0:11.
320 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
4th heat— Howard, Canada; Caste, France; Grigeresco, Rou-
mania. Time 0:11 1-5.
5th heat— Paddock, U. S.; Crocci, Italy; Tirard, France.
Time— 0:11.
Semi-finals —
1st heat— Teschner, U. S.; Lindsay, New Zealand; Butler,
U. S.; Seurin, France. Time — 0:11.
2nd heat— Paddock, U. S.; Howard, Canada; Caste, France;
Crocci, Italy. Time — 0:11.
Finals —
Charles W. Paddock, U. S.; Edward A. Teschner, U. S.; J. A.
Howard, Canada. Time— 0:10 4-5.
200-Meter Dash:
Preliminaries —
1st heat — ^Lindsay, New Zealand; Carter, Australia; Crocci,
Italy. Time— 0:23 1-5.
2nd heat — Paddock, U. S.; Harrowing, Canada; Gauthier,
France. Time— 0:22 4-5.
3rd heat — Haliburton, .Canada; Hume, Australia; Seurin,
France. Time— 0:23 1-5.
4th heat — Teschner, U. S.; Tirard, France; Petrovici, Rou-
mania. Time — 23.
5th heat — Howard, Canada; Haddock, U. S.; Carroll, Austra-
lia. Time— 23 1-3.
Semi-finals —
1st heat — Howard, Canada; Teschner, U. S.; Carter, Australia.
Time 22 3-5.
2nd heat — Lindsay, New Zealand; Haddock, U. S.; Seuriii,
France. Time— 22 2-5.
3rd heat — Haliburton, Canada; Paddock, U. S.; Carroll, Aus-^
tralia. Time 22 3-5.
Finals —
Charles W. Paddock, U. S.; Edward A. Teschner, U. S.; John
Lindsay, New Zealand. Time — 21 3-5.
400-Meier Run.
Preliminaries — ■
Istheat— Eby, U. S.; Bernardoni, Italy; Glodariu, Roumania;
Time— 0:53 3-5.
2nd heat — Devaux, France; Bergemeier, Australia; Wilton,
New Zealand. Time— 0:53 4-5.
Rowing. Top-Portuguese eight. Cmter-Belgian eight. Bo/toni-Czecho-Slovakian eight.
21
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 323
Srd heat — Candelori, Italy; Hume, Australia; Delvart, France.
Time— 0:53 1-5.
4th heat— Spink, U. S.; Dumont, France; Tittle, Canada.
Time— 0:53 1-5.
5th heat — Gray, U. S.; Johnson, Australia; Smet, Belgium.
Time — 0:54.
Semi-finals —
1st heat — Eby, U. S.; Wilton, New Zealand; Hume, Australia.
Time— 0:51.
2nd heat — Delvart, France; Gray, U. S.; Candelori, Italy.
Time— 0:51 4-5.
3rd heat — Spink, U. S.; Devaux, France; Johnson, Australia.
Time 0:52 4-5.
Finals —
Earl A. Eby, U. S.; Philip M. Spink, U. S.; James H. R. Wilton,
New Zealand. Time— 0:50.
800-Meter Run:
Preliminaries —
1st heat — Mason, New Zealand; Bergemeier, Australia; Eby,
U. S. Time— 2:00..
2nd heat — -Eraser, Australia; Heilbuth, France; Spink, U. S.
Time— 2:01.
3rd heat — Scudder, U. S.; Chalmers, Australia; Delarge, Bel-
gium. Time— 2:03 4-5.
Finals —
Daniel L. Mason, New Zealand; Earl A. Eby, U. S.; Phihp
M. Spink, U. S. Time— 1:55 2-5.
1500-Me;er Run:
Preliminaries —
1st heat — Mason, New Zealand; Shields, U. S.; Arnaud,
France; Manley, Australia; La Pierre, Canada. Time— 4:18.
2nd heat — Stout, U. S.; Delvart, France; Chalmers, Australia,
Lacary, France; Schardt, U. S. Time— 4:16.
Finals —
Clyde J. Stout, U. S.; Henri Arnaud, France; H. E. La Pierre,
Canada. Time— 4:05 3-5.
Modified Marathon:
Finals-
Jean Vermeulen, France; .Fred, Faller, U. S.; Danton Heuet,
France. Time — 55:11 4-5.
324 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
llO-Meter High Hurdles:
Preliminaries —
1st heat— Simpson, U. S.; Kendell, New Zealand; Time— 0:16
4-5.
2nd heat— Kelly, U. S.; Best, Australia. Time— 0:16 4-5.
3rd heat — Wilson, New Zealand; Ames, U. S. Time— 0:16.
Finals —
Robert L. Simpson, U. S.; Fred W. Kelly, U. S.; Harold E.Wil-
son, New Zealand. Time— 0:15 1-5.
200-Meier Low Hurdles:
Preliminaries —
1st heat — Sylvester, U. S.; Poulenard, France; Spenrer, Aus-
tralia. Time— 0:25 4-5.
2nd heat — Simpson, U, S.; Buchon, France; Best, Australia.
Time— 0:26 4-5.
3rd heat — House, U. S.; Andre, France; Smet, Belgium.
Time--0:25.
Finals —
Robert I. Simpson, U. S.; William F. Sylvester, U. S.; Mere-
dith House, U. S. Time— 0:24 4-5.
Running High Jump:
Trials —
Labat, Lowden, Mathey, France; Rice, Larson, Templeton,
U.S., and Ghiringhelli, Italy, qualified by clearing the bar
at 5 feet, 6 1-4 inches.
Finals —
Clinton Larson, U. S.; tie for second between Andre Labat,
France, Carl V. Rice, U. S. and Robert L. Templeton,
U. S. Height — 6 feet, 7-8 inch.
Running Broad Jump.
Trials —
Butler, U. S. 23 ft. 2 in.; Worthington, U. S. 22 ft. 9 in.;
Johnson, U. S.; Kendell, New Zealand.
Finals-
Solomon Butler, U. S.; Harry T. Worthington, U. S.; Leo
T. Johnson, U. S. Distance— 24 ft, 9 3-16 inches.
Standing Broad Jump:
Trials-
Humphries, U. S. 10 ft. 6 in.; Taylor, U. S.; Moreau, France;
Proux, France.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 325
Finals —
William H. Taylor, U. S.; James V. Humphries, U. S.; Emile
Moreau, France. Height — 11 ft, 1 in.
Hop, Step and Jump: ,
Finals —
Herbert Prem, U. S.; Charles A. Bender, U. S.; John E. Madden,
U. S.; Distance — 46 ft, 2 1-8 in.
Pole Vault:
Trials-
Floyd, Ervin, Harwood, U. S.; Francquemelle, Gajan and
Girard, France, qualified by clearing the bar at 10 ft, 4 in.
Finals —
Florin W. Floyd, U. S.; Louis Ervin, U. S.; Robert Harwood,
U. S.; Height— 12 ft.
Javelin Throw:
Finals —
George Bronder, U. S.; Harry Liversedge, U. S.; Eustathios
Zirganos, Greece. Distance — 183 ft, 3 in.
Discus Throw:
Trials —
Byrd, U. S. 131 ft. 2 in.; Higgins, U. S.; Duncan, U. S.; Gui-
seppe, Italy.
Finals —
Charles Higgins, U. S.; Richard L. Byrd, U. S.; James Duncan.
U. S. Distance— 134 ft, 1 in.
16-pound Shot Put:
Trials —
Caughey, U. S.; Liversedge, U. S.; Maxfleld, U. S.; Paoli,
France. Distance — 13.35 meters.
Finals —
Edward R. Caughey, U. S.; H. Liversedge, U. S.; Wallace
C. Maxfield, U. S. Distance — 45 ft, 2 1-4 in.
800-Meter Relay:
Preliminaries —
1st heat— United States, Australia, Italy. Time— 1:33 1-5.
2nd heat— Canada, France, Belgium. Time— 1:33 1-5.
Finals —
United States, G. W. Paddock,^ Marshall Haddock, Jr., E. A.,
Torkelson, Edward A. Teschner; Canada, J. A. Howard, F.J.
326
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Zoellin, R. Haliburton, 0. P. Johnson; Australia, E. Carter,
J. L. Hume, W. Johnson, H.B.Carroll. Time— 1 : 30 4-5.
1600-Meter Relay:
Finals —
United States, Tom Campbell, Edward J. Meehan, Earle
H. Campbell, Edward A. Teschner; Australia, Charles E.
Bergemeier, William Johnson, Leslie J. Hume, Thomas Eraser;
France, Andre Devaux, Henri Delvart, Raoul Dumont, Rene
Laubertrand. Time— 3:28 4-5.
Medley Relay:
United States, Carl F. Haas, William C. Gray, F. F. Campbell,
M. L. Shields; Australia, Leslie J. Hume, E. Carter, C. E.
Bergemeier, Clifford Manley; France, J. R. Seurin, Poulenard,
Dandelot, Lacary.
Pentathlon:
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Name
and
Country
Le Gendre, Amer
Vidal, America. . .
Andre, Prance . . .
Blades, Canada . .
Salvi, Italy
Norman, America
Costa, Italy
Gaillard, France. .
Time or Distance
200 M
Dash
22.4
24.4
23
23.6
24
24.6
25.2
25.4
Kun.
Broad
Jump
6.575
6.41
5.842
5.918
6.095
5.41
5.272
5.587
16-lb
Shot
Put
11.335
10.825
11.618
10.669
10.5
10.971
9.25
9.485
Discus
34.2
35 83
29 5
28.03
27.42
32.253
27^62
29.05
Score by Points Total
1500
Meter
Run
5.10,6
4.45
5.10,8
4.44,4
4.51
5.10
5.25
ZOOM Runn.
Dash Braad
Jump
120 119
70 112
105 90
90 93
80 100
65 72
, 52 67
48 79
16-lb.
Shot
Put
77
67
82
63
60
69
48
50
Discos.
81
92
58
50
47
71
48
55
1500
Meter
Rio
64
90
64
91
84
65
50
461
431
399
387
371
342
265
232
EVENTS NOT COUNTING FOR POINTS ^ALL FINALS
Hand-Grenade Throw:
F. C. Thomson, U. S.; S. H. Thompson, U. S.; D. C. Wycavage,
U. S. Distance— 245 feet, 11 inches.
Cross-Country Run:
Jean Vermeulen, France; Auguste Broos, Belgium; Gaston
Heuet, France. Time — 31:38 4-5.
800-MeZer Relay (Armies of Occupation):
France, Italy, United States,
Running Rroad Jump (Armies of Occupation):
John E. Madden, U. S.; Nespoli, Italy; Coulon, France. Dis-
tance 21 feet, 8 inches.
HAND-GRENADE THROWING
In spite of the fact that the American method of throwing a
baseball was opposed by instructors in hand-grenade throwing, this
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 327
style won over all others in the Hand-grenade Throwing contests
at the the Inter-Allied Games. The Americans took the first three
places in the event, Greece taking fourth. An Army chaplain made
the best throw in the finals. The records for the first four places were:
Chaplain F. C. Thompson (U.S.) 74.929 metres
S. H. Thompson (U.S.) 73.135 "
Sgt. D. C. Wycavage (U.S.) 70.40 "
Zirganos (Greece) 69.31 "
This was the first appearance of grenade throwing in a great athletic
meet although grenades have been used in warfare for centuries. It
is recorded that the pirates of the Mediterranean threw bottles filled
with powder when they pillaged the villages along the shores. Gre-
nades, deriving their name because of their shape from the French
word for pomegranate, came into common use about 1660 and thence-
forward nearly every war saw some improvements in their fabrica-
tion or the methods of using, them. First the French and then the
English, 1670 and 1680, introduced elite companies of grenadiers into
their regiments, the special duty of these organizations being to cre-
ate breaches in an enemy's defensive works by the use of grenades
and axes. At the time of the Napoleonic wars the use of grenades
had so increased that many independent battahons and in the
French service even brigades and divisions of grenadiers were formed.
Later in the 19th century grenades became obsolete but they were
revived with modern high explosives during the siege of Port Arthur
in 1904, and soon after the beginning of the Great War in 1914, owing
to the development of position warfare, their advantages as offensive
and defensive weapons quickly became apparent and grenade throwing
was introduced universally in all armies.
The over arm motion, with the elbow almost rigid, was adopted
by the Americans from the English. But when the American soldier
was away from his instructors he invariably threw the hand grenade
baseball fashion — the method of throwing that he had learned from
childhood in America and probably the most efficient of all methods
for hurling objects of any kind.
One of the chief objections of the first instructors to the American
baseball throw was that the grenade is heavier than a baseball and
that therefore the arm could not stand the strain of the whip-hke
throw. The Americans overcame this by practising with lighter
objects — usually baseballs — and threw the grenade only thirty- five to
fifty yards when they did throw it in practice.
328 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The finals at Pershing Stadium, held 25 June, did not produce
the best throw that had been made. In an elimination contest in the
Third American Army, Sergeant C. D. Radabaugh of the 5th Marines
had made a throw of 259 feet, while in the eliminations for the selec-
tion of the American contestants Chaplain Thompson threw the
grenade 251 feet.
The rules which governed the event were very liberal, allowing, any
style of throw to be used. The French F-1 Defensive Grenade was
adopted as the official grenade.
Experts who have studied the development of grenade throwing
claim that future competitions will bring out men who will far exceed
the records already made. Some claim that a throw of 90 metres is
not at all improbable in the near future.
In the throwing Zirganos of Greece demonstrated the form that is
probably most approved by those who have specialized in grenade
throwing. He put his body behind the throw. Seriaud of France,
and Tsevoukas of Greece also used distinctly the body throw. In
other words the baseball throw won in the first competition over the
body throw, but supporters of the body throw still contend that
further development will result in the body throw winning with its
advantage of avoiding strain, thus enabling the throwers of the future
to practice more than those who use the baseball style of throw.
The judges and officials of the javelin throw conducted the grenade
throwing contests.
The following were the records made by all the entries in the event :
Australia FHck 59.95 metres
C. W. Drysdale. . . 56.23
Belgium Schaekers 61 .62
Verpoorter 60.54 "
Wynaud 59.48
Canada Clarke 55.71
Johnson 57.33
France Bourgeois 67.02 "
Miramont 54.71
Seriaud 67.32
Italy Dreste 51 .68
Pasquale 66.39
Greece Tsevoukas 67.41
Papaioannou . . . . 64.91 "
Zirganos 69.31
United States .. . F.C.Thompson. 74.929
S. H. Thompson . 73.135
Wycavage 70.40 "
Rowing. Top— Canadian eight. Center Zc/i— Italian eight. Center riff/ii— Australian eight.
Bottom — New Zealand eight.
TUG OF WAR
HE United States Tug-of-war team won the Inter-Allied
championship by a clean sweep of victories. Matched
against the heavy Belgian eight in the finals, the Yankee
giants made short work of the first bout, pulling the red-
black-and-yellow athletes to and over the line in fourteen seconds.
Not by clever trick work was their victory accomplished, but by the
puUing of a strong team of well-trained, powerful soldiers, who
could have dragged over the 20-mule borax team had it been entered
in the Inter-Allied Games.
The first match pitted the doughboys against the French team.
In less than a minute in each pull they hauled the Tricolor eight off
its feet and qualified to meet the ItaUans who had won their way to
the semifinals by beating the Canadians in two out of three.
The feature of the Tug-of-war matches was the Canadians' pecuhar
style of shifting the rope from a front position to a firm grip over
their shoulders and back without losing ground during the operation.
Their trick proved successful but it did not conform to the rules and
the Maple Leaf athletes were disqualified.
By beating Australia the Belgian team survived the preliminaries
and qualified to meet the Americans in the final contest. They were
no match for the United States Army men whose powerful, steady
heaves earned them the Inter-Allied championship in less than a
minute.
The composition of the winning team and the runner-up follows:
United States: Johnson, Johnston, Fay, Posey, Mathesson, Rouse,
Shaw, McFarren, Cobb, Moser, Fields.
Belgium: Gill, Bultuyck, Den Tweck, Van Eecke, Vandeille.
Nichalaos, Servaes, Vandenborn, Casiers, Lambrecht, Reymen.
See page 457 for tug-of-war pictures.
XMMMMMMJ/OimmmmSlMlimiMMiMilMMIMi
MASS GAMES
NE of the repeatedly announced purposes of the Inter-
Allied Games was to revive athletics with their beneficial
results in all the Allied countries. With this in mind the
Games Committee arranged a series of demonstrations
under the direction of Dr. H. F. Kullenberg of the Y.M.C.A. The
games were those used in the American Army, almost all of thein
being of the nonequipment variety. The advantage these mass
games have over more highly specialized athletics is in the fact
that every man takes part.
The demonstrations were given in the Stadium and were distri-
buted throughout the two weeks of competitions. On Sunday,
29 June, a large crowd of French civilians watched the play with
interest. It was probably the first time the French had been given
an insight into the secret of America's wide range of athletics. They
saw men in great numbers playing games, not specialized, but games
that required energy, alertness, and coordination. Other countries
also had men at the Stadium especially studying this plan to bring
physical recreation to all the people rather than to a few specialists.
The games demonstrated were chosen to illustrate specific theories.
For instance, every game used was one that could be introduced
among employees of industrial plants, into boys' camps, high schools,
colleges and rural districts, without any outlay for equipment or
training methods. Throughout all of the mass games the play spirit
predominated. This made the games more valuable than other
forms of physical training, as, for example, the setting-up drills so
tedious to the average man.
The games included dual competition such as Horseback Wrest-
ling, Rooster Fighting and Hand Wrestling. The purpose of such
games is to develop confidence in hand-to-hand encounter aside
from the other physical benefits.
Ring games, Three Deep and Three Link, develop quickness of decis-
ion, agihty and the ability to think on the go. And there were games
that were played just for the fun. They were strictly recreative and
mcluded Swat Tag, Spin the Kaiser, and others. Relay races— Leap-
See page 465 for mass games picture.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 333
Frog, Horseback, Hat, and Chariot — ^were introduced to develop
speed, agility and quickness of foot.
The games were demonstrated by companies of the 111th Pioneer
Infantry and Second Battalion of the 7th Engineers, 5th Division. The
men had not been especially trained in the games, but in the big arena
their play periods ran off with the smoothness of a well-organized
gymnasium class. They were divided into platoons and the different
groups, in different parts of the arena, played the same games simul-
taneously.
The programs carried in the mass demonstrations follow:
29^June, 1919, 2:30 p.m.
A. Demonstrating nonequipment activities.
I. Relay Races a. Paul Revere.
b. Horseback.
n. Ring Games a. Broncho Tag.
b. Three Links.
III. Dual Competition a. Dog and Snake.
b. Horseback Wrestling.
c. Rooster Fight.
IV. Special a. Spin the Kaiser.
b. Blind Man's Swat.
V. Relay Races a. Skin the Snake.
b. Hat.
c. Chariot.
B. Four Games of Playground Ball.
30 June, 1919, 4:10 p. m.
A. Nonequipment.
I. Relay Race a. Leap Frog.
b. Paul Revere.
c. Equipment.
II. Ring Games a. Three Links Tag.
b. Broncho Tag.
III. Dual Competitions... a. Horseback Wrestling.
b. Rooster Fight.
IV. Special a- Swat Tag
b. Skm the Snake.
c. Blind Man's Swat.
[V. Relay Races a- Centipede.
b. Hat.
c. Chariot.
334 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
B. Simple Equipment.
I. Team Games a. Two games of Playground
Ball.
b. Three games of Volleyball.
1 July, 1919, 2:00 p.m.
I. Relay Races a. Tunnel with Medicine Ball.
b. Mine Sweeper.
II. Dual Competition. . . a. Horseback Wrestling.
b. Rooster Fight.
III. Special a. Tug of War.
b. Swat Tag.
IV. Relay Races a. Centipede.
b. Three-legged.
c. Spiral.
CHAPTER XVII
CLOSING CEREMONIES
y^^Z*,^v/'■T,•i
OMiNG between the two greatest fetes celebrated by liberty-
loving people — American Independence Day and French
Bastille Day — the closing exercises of the Inter-Allied
Games, on Sunday, 6 July, caught Paris in its happiest
mood. Peace had but recently been signed, and the world was just
beginning to grasp the fact. The city was taking on the beautiful
dress it was to wear on the Fourteenth of July. In fact, the people
who had begun the Fete of Peace with the signing of the treaty accepted
the closing exercises as a part of the grand fortnight just as they
accepted the Fourth of July.
It seemed as though all Paris and the Armies of the Allies tried
to get into the Stadium, for the people were all in truly holiday mood.
The two outstanding features of the last afternoon were the pre-
sentation of the prizes to the winners of the Games by General Pershing
and the hoisting of the Tricolor over the Stadium.
With the 30,000 spectators standing at attention and salute, and
some of the finest soldiers America has ever produced at "present
arms" in the big arena while the bands played The Star Spangled
Banner followed by the Marseillaise, the flags of the Allies were slowly
lowered. At the last notes of the music, Colonel See, chief French
representative on the Advisory Committee, a distinguished figure in
blue wearing numerous medals, stood directly in front of the reviewing
stand where General Pershing and other officers were at salute, and
hauled the flag of France to the mast head in front of the Tribune
d'Honneur. The games were over and the Stadium belonged to France.
Except for this touch of military formality — one of the prettiest
of all the two weeks' ceremonies— the closing day program was marked
by its simplicity. A band in front of the Tribune d'Honneur played
popular and military music between the different parts of the program.
The baseball game between the United States and Canada to decide
the championship resulted in the defeat of the wearers of the Maple
Leaf. In order to clear the arena the Canadians agreed to stop at the
end of the seventh inning with a one-sided score of 12 to 1 against
them. A boxing bout that was a slashing affair between Pettibridge
of Australia and Spalla of Italy resulted in the Italian winning the
Hght heavyweight title. These two events constituted the only
competitions of the day.
336 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
As the Games ended, selected troops from the Army of Occupation
entered, led by their band, and took a line formation in the field.
Behind them came the athletes — winners of the different events. The
hundreds of muscular competitors in track and field garb, as well
as the sprinkling of officers in uniform who had won in the military
events, presented a striking picture.
General Pershing, assisted by M. Henry Pate and a number of
French and American officers, mounted the reviewing stand which
had been erected in front of the center of the Tribune d'Honneur.
Each athlete crossed the stand and received his prize, or prizes, at the
hands of the Commander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces.
Many of the winners were given ovations. General Pershing showed
himself well posted on the situation and had a word for each man. To
those who had particularly distinguished themselves he often talked
earnestly and with enthusiasm. He shook each man by the hand.
There was little of the military spirit about this part of the program.
The winners of the military events, of course, saluted, and the Com-
mander-in-Chief returned the courtesy. Occasionally a man in track
or football uniform saluted, but most of them received the congratu-
lations of General Pershing and his handshake with a happy smile.
To the Czecho-Slovaks, who by winning the championship in soccer
had brought the first athletic honors to their new country. General
Pershing talked long and earnestly. The huge trophy, the magnifi-
cent cock of Verdun, was one of the finest of all. The team was
accorded a great reception by the crowd. Ross, of America, who
won the swimming meet practically alone received an ovation when
he took his armful of prizes from General Pershing. The big crowd
gave a rousing cheer to Jean Vermeulen, the battered, high-spirited
veteran of the war, whose pluck won for France the cross-country
and modified Marathon runs. The smile of Sol. Butler, the American
negro sprinter, was contagious. The crowd cheered him, The Rou-
manians, who had proved themselves such thorough sportsmen,: even
when losing, never failed to receive applause.
A happy arrangement of the program gave the number of each
man and his name. A big placard on the chest of every one of the
winners bore his number. Reference to the program, well arranged
and grouped, enabled the spectators to know instantly who was receiv-
ing his prize.
The Stadium had already been officially presented to the French
on the Opening Day. The lowering of the Allied flags merely marked
in a ceremonial sense, the conclusion of the Inter-Allied Games.
PANORAMIC VIEW OF
; STADIUM ON CLOSING DAY
f CLOSING DAY
Rowing. Top left — New Zealand four. Top right — Canadian four. Center left — Belgian four.
Center right — Italian four. Bottom left — Alf Pelton, Australian single sculler. Bottom
right — Portuguese four.
APPENDICES
1. Adress by Colonel Wait G. Johnson
2. General Regulations Governing the Competitions
3. Officials
4. Roster of Contestants
5. List of Winners, Iiiter-Allied Games.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 341
ADDRESS BY COLONEL WAIT C. JOHNSON
General Staff, Chairman of the Games Committee, Inter-Allied Games,
53, Avenue Montaigne, Paris May 24, 1919.
The officers and men of the American Expeditionary Forces, being
keenly appreciative of the splendid relations which exist amongst
those of us who have borne arms in a great and common cause and
which have so happily developed into feelings of mutual respect and
admiration, are most anxious to preserve and strengthen this rela-
tionship. With this idea in view, our Commander-in-Chief has invited
the officers and men of our Allies to participate in an Inter-Allied
Athletic meet in order to promote this spirit of comradeship and to
cement in friendly competition on the field of sport the ties which
had been formed on the battlefield. The Inter- Allied Athletic meet,
or more properly called the Inter-Allied Games, will take place from
June 22 to July 4, 1919, inclusive, at Pershing Stadium, near Paris.
For the conduct of these and for full responsibility for them our
Commander-in-Chief has appointed a Games Committee consisting
of Lieut. Col. T. G. Lonergan, General Staff, Lieut. Col. D. M. Goodrich,
General Staff, Mr. E. S. Brown and Mr. W. A. Reynolds, Athletic
Directors of the Y.M.C.A., and myself. I have the honor to represent
the Games Committee as its Chairman. As above stated, the Com-
mander-in-Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces has charged
this Committee with full responsibility for the Games and all matters
relating thereto.
At the direction of General Pershing, each of the nations par-
ticipating in the Games has been asked to appoint two representatives
to act as members of an Advisory Committee.
As Chairman of the Games Committee, I take great pleasure
in welcoming you at this opening meeting of the Advisory Com-
mittee of which you are members. In accordance with the desires
of my Commander-in-Chief and on behalf of the Games Committee,
I ask of you your hearty cooperation. The Games Committee will
no doubt frequently, from time to time, call upon you for advice
and assistance. Realizing the pitfalls which have heretofore always
lain in the path of international athletic competitions, we feel sure
that with your cooperation and assistance many of these difficul-
ties will be obviated. We shall be grateful to receive your sug-
gestions as to reception, entertainment and attendance of your mill-
342 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — I9I9
tary and government officials, with recommendations as to the
ceremonies attending such meeting. We have in the past received
your suggestions as to added events. Where suggestions have come
relative to rules and competitions from various sources, we have tried
to coordinate them to the fullest degree, meeting the desires of all
concerned. Your reponse to our future requests for advice or assist-
ance will be deeply appreciated, not only by the Committee itself
but by our Commander-in-Chief, and the forces which he repre-
sents, and will materially aid in the success of this friendly competi-
tion among the AUied Nations at Pershing Stadium.
The organization of our Games Committee, as indicated in the charts
furnished you all, has three general sections for the conduct of the
Games, and all matters connected therewith. The Liaison Section,
with which you gentlemen as members of the Advisory Committee will
come most closely in contact, has been organized as the medium
through which your written suggestions are to come, also to assist
and aid you and your competing athletes in all ways possible. We
trust that you will command its services.
In this connection, I feel it proper to tell you of the arrange-
ments that have been made for camps and accommodations, both prior
to and during the continuance of the games.
/. Rifle and Pistol Compeiilion to he held at Le Mans Rifle Range:
1. The U.S. Army Springfield rifle and Army automatic pistol
will be supplied upon request to any of the competing nations who
may desire to employ these arms in the rifle and pistol competition
respectively. The necessary ammunition for these weapons will be
furnished.
2. Teams that are to enter the rifle and pistol competition will
be received at Le Mans at any time on or after June 1, 1919. Tele-
graphic notice should be sent to the Commanding Officer, Competitors
Camp, Rifle and Pistol Range, Le Mans, twenty-four hours in advance
of the date and time of arrival of a team.
3. The following accommodations are available for the competing
teams if they desire to avail themselves of them:
(a) All range facilities will be supplied.
(b) Quarters for all teams. Each team captain will be furnished
with a small Adrian hut for his own quarters. For the team there
are available pyramidal tents framed and floored — one tent for each
two or three competitors.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 343
(c) Gots and blankets are available for issue to team compe-
titors.
(d) Bath houses have been installed for the use of teams.
(e) Cooking and messing shelters are provided as well as the
necessary mess equipment, such as stoves, dishes, etc., necessary
in the preparation of the food.
(f) If desired, rations may be obtained from the American Com-
missary at the same rate established for the American troops.
(g) Arrangements will be made to obtain additional suppHes
as teams may desire from surrounding towns.
(h) For the entertainment of competitors moving picture shows
will be staged nightly. Twice a week there will be other forms of
entertainment.
(i) For athletic entertainment tennis courts with the necessary
equipment are being installed and an effort is being made to lay out
a short golf course.
4. The camp has been built less than five hundred meters from
the firing range. Accommodations are available for any number of
men on a competing team to include one hundred.
All the necessary camp equipment will be supplied by the Quarter-
master Department, United States Army.
//. Arrangement at Colombes Stadium:
To accommodate athletic teams arriving prior to the days imme-
diately preceding the opening of the Inter-Allied Games, a camp
for various teams has been provided at Colombes Stadium. At this
camp there will be available for the competing teams, if they desire
to avail themselves of them :
1. Track and field for training purposes, including all necessary
paraphernalia.
2. Quarters for all teams. These quarters will consist of tents
furnished with cots, mattresses, blankets, etc., which will be available
for individual competitors.
3. Bath houses, including rubbing tables, have been installed.
4. Cooking and messing shelters are provided, as well as the
necessary mess equipment, such as stoves, dishes, etc., necessary in
the preparation of food.
5. If desired, rations may be obtained through the American
Commissary at the same rate established for American troops.
6. In addition, arrangements will be made for necessary transpor-
344 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
tation to enable competing teams to obtain additional supplies in
Paris or other towns.
7. This camp at Colombes Stadium will be available for com-
peting teams any time subsequent to the second day of June.
8. The preliminary camp is built at Colombes with a view to
giving competing nations a satisfactory location for practice other
than the final field at Pershing Stadium, which will not be used by
any nation prior to the days of the Games. In order that adequate
accommodation may be suppHed on time, it is requested that ample
notice be given of the time of arrival and the number of men from each
competing nation.
III. Camp al Pershing Stadium:
For the accommodation of competing teams during the days of the
Games, a camp is being estabhshed at Joinville, immediately access-
ible to the Pershing Stadium, upon which the Games will be held.
This camp will be ready to receive its occupants just prior to the
opening of the Games. The arrangements will be similar to those
heretofore described for the field at Colombes.
IV. Accommodations of the teams, including both men and horses which
will compete in the mounted events:
Arrangements including billets for the teams and stables for the
horses are being perfected at Fort Champigny-sur-Marne, in the
vicinity of Joinville-le-Pont, about 5 kilometers from the Stadium.
Accommodations will be available here the first week of June, and the
same arrangements relative to forage for animals as heretofore out-
lined and for rations for men will be made.
In closing let me say that we trust you will find the work in con-
nection with this carnival as interesting as we have found it. I am
very glad that we are gathered together, and assure you of how deeply
we shall appreciate your cooperation, advice and assistance. And
those of us who have been charged by our Commander-in-Chief with
the conduct of these Games shall feel that we have failed and the
great purpose of the Games lost sight of if, through their medium,
the feehng of good comradeship and friendship engendered on the field
of battle is not cemented more closely and made more lasting through
the medium of these friendly sports.
WAIT C. JOHNSON
Colonel, General Staff,
Chairman.
m-H.C. Hadfleld, New Zealand, single sculling champion. Bottom u^Ai-The French
champion tour.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 847
GENERAL REGULATIONS GOVERNING
THE COMPETITIONS
Games Committee. — -The Commander-in-Chief of the American
Expeditionary Forces has appointed a Games Committee consisting
of three ofTicers of the United States Army and two militarized civil-
ians, and has charged this Committee with full responsibihty for the
Games and all matters relating thereto.
Advisory Committee. — At the direction of the Commander-in-Chief
of the American Expeditionary Forces, each of the nations partici-
pating in the Games has been asked to appoint two representatives
to act as members of an Advisory Committee, to cooperate with,
advise, and assist the Games Committee.
Finances. — The American Expeditionary Forces have assumed
the responsibility for all expenses in connection with the Games
except those involved in the actual training, equipping, transporting,
and maintaining of the representatives of the competing nations.
Competitors, Etigibitity. — Each nation participating may enter
any officer, noncommissioned officer, or private soldier, who has at
any time between August 4, 1914, and November 11, 1918, been a
member of the military forces of that nation.
Anyone eligible under the foregoing, who has been a member
of the military forces of more than one nation formally participating
in the Games, may elect the nation for which he desires to compete.
Entries. — Entries shall be limited to three for individual events,
and one for team events, for each nation, except where otherwise
hereinafter specifically provided.
All relay races shall be regarded as team events.
Entries shall be made to the Games Committee by the properly
accredited individual or Committee for the nation concerned, on a
special entry form to be issued by the Games Committee. A separate
form shall be filled in for each individual or team entered. Entries
will close June 14, 1919.
Entries by cable will not be accepted, save in exceptional cases,
the actual entries to follow as provided above.
Entrance Fee. — There shall be no entrance fee for any event.
Decisions, Protests. — Decisions of judges as to matters of fact
shall be final.
Protests against decisions of judges on other points will be enter-
tained if made in writing within one hour after decision is announced,
with reasons stated. All protests and all questions arising from
interpretation and application of the rules will be referred to the
Games Committee for final decision. In all such decisions the English
text will be used as official. Objections on the part of one nation to
the eligibility of any contestant representing a competing nation
348 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
must be made in writing by one of the representatives of the protesting
nation on the Advisory Committee, and filed with the Games Com-
mittee within twelve hours after the close of the event.
Sports. — The Inter-Allied Games shall consist of separate cham-
pionship contests in the following sports. Additional sports may be
suggested by any nation formally participating. Such suggestions
must be in the hands of the Games Committee not later than May 1,
1919. Prompt notice of additions as well as copies of the playing
rules will be sent all nations participating.
Events: 1. Baseball.
2. Basketball.
3. Boxing.
Bantamweight 118 lbs. and under.
Featherweight. . . . 125 lbs. and under.
Lightweight 135 lbs. and under.
Welterweight 145 lbs. and under.
Middleweight 160 lbs. and under.
Light heavyweight. 175 lbs. and under.
Heavyweight over 175 lbs.
4. Cricket.
5. Cross-Country Race. — 10,000 meters — individual com-
petition.
6. Fencing. — Foils, individual and team competition.
7. Fencing. — ^Sabers, individual and team competition.
8. Fencing. — Epee, individual and team competition.
9. Football. — Soccer.
10. Football. — American, Intercollegiate.
11. Foof 6a/;.— Rugby.
12. Golf. — Individual and team competition.
13. Hand-Grenade Throwing.
14. Horse-Riding Competition.
15. Rowing. — Single Sculls.
16. Rowing. — 4-oared Shells.
17. Rowing. — 8-oared Shells.
18. Shooting.-— Array Rifle. — Team competition.
19. Shooting.— Army Rifle.— Individual competition.
20. Shooting.— Revolver or Automatic Pistol. — Service
Weapons. — Team competition.
21 . Shooting. — Revolver or Automatic Pistol. — Service Wea-
pons. — Individual competition.
22. Swimming.
a. 100 meters, free style.
b. 100 meters, back stroke.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 349
c. 200 meters, breast stroke.
d. 400 meters, free style.
e. 800 meters, free style.
/. 1,500 meters, free style.
g. 800 meters, relay free style, 4 men (4x200).
23. Tennis. — Singles and Doubles.
24. Track and Field Sports.
a. 100-meter dash.
b. 200-meter dash.
c. 400-meter run.
d. 800-meter run.
e. 1500-meter run.
/. Modified Marathon — 16,000 meters.
g. 110-meter High Hurdles.
h. 200-meter Low Hurdles.
i. Running High Jump.
/. Running Broad Jump.
k. Standing Broad Jump.
/. Running Hop, Step, and Jump.
m. Pole Vault.
n. Throwing the Javelin, best hand.
0. Throwing the Discus, best hand,
p. Putting the 16-lb. shot, best hand.
q. Pentathlon.
200-meter Dash.
Running Broad Jump.
Shot Put, 16 lbs., best hand.
Throwing Discus, best hand.
1500-meter run.
r. Relay Race, 800 meters, 4 men (4x200).
s. Relay Race, 1,600 meters, 4 men (4x400).
t. Medley Relay Race, 4 men.
First man runs 200 meters.
Second man runs 400 meters.
Third man runs 800 meters.
Fourth man runs 1600 meters,
25. Tug-of-War. — 9-men team.
26. Water Polo.
27. Wrestling. — Catch-as-catch-can and Greco-Roman.
Bantamweight 118 lbs. and under.
Featherweight 125 lbs. and under.
Lightweight 135 lbs. and under.
350 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Welterweight. . . . 145 lbs. and under.
Middleweight. . 160 lbs. and under.
Light heavyweight . 175 lbs. and under.
Heavyweight, over . 175 lbs.
Two Special Events. — An 800-meter Relay race (4 men, each
200 meters) and Running Broad Jump — not part of Track and Field —
open to Armies of Occupation only.
Competitions will be conducted in all of the above sports attract-
ing entries from two or more nations. If entry is received from
only one nation, such event shall be regarded as an exhibition event
only, and may be demonstrated at the option of the nation con-
cerned.
METHODS OF CONDUCTING TOURNAMENTS
In all round-robin and elimination tournaments, where more
than two teams are entered, one match shall determine the winner.
1. Baseball. — With only two competing teams, the champion-
ship shall be awarded to the team first winning three games. With
three or more teams, a round-robin tournament shall be conducted.
2. Basketball. — Same as Baseball.
3. Boxing. — Entries in all Boxing and Wrestling events shall
be limited to one entry by each competing nation for each weight.
The winner in each class shall score two points and the runner-up shall
score one point, the championship going to the nation which scores
the greatest number of points.
4. Cricket. — With only two competing teams, the championship
shall be awarded to the team first winning two games. With three
or more teams, an elimination tournament shall be conducted.
5. Cross-Country Race. — The championship shall be awarded
to the nation whose representative finishes in first place. Second and
third places will be recorded.
6. Fencing — Foils — Individual and team. — Two championships
will be declared, one for individual and one for team ; the individual
championship will be awarded the nation winning the individual
tournament; the team championship will be awarded to the nation
wmnmg the team tournament. Second place will be recorded in each
event.
7. Fencing—Sabers— Individual and team—Same as Foils.
8. Fencing — Epee — Individual and teamS&me as Foils.
iu \ Footbalt— Soccer.— {1) With only two competing teams,
the championship shall be awarded to the team first winning two
games. With three or more teams, an elimination tournament shall
be conducted. (2) In case of a tie game, two extra periods of
htteen minutes each shall be played and if at the end of that time
the score is still tied, the referee shall declare "No game," in which
case he shall order the game to be played over at a time decided
upon by the Games Committee.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
351
10. Football — American inlercollegiate.— Same as (1) under Soccer.
11. Football — Rugby. — Same as (1) under Soccer.
12. Golf. — The championship will be awarded to the nation
winning the team tournament. Second place will be recorded.
13. Hand -Grenade throwing. — The championship shall be awarded
to the nation whose representative wins first place. Second and
third places shall be recorded.
14. Horse-Riding competition. — The championship shall be awarded
to the nation winning the greatest number of points in the three events.
15. Rowing — Singles Sculls. — The championship shall be awarded
to the nation whose representative finishes in first place. Second
and third places will be recorded.
16. Rowing — Four-oared Shells. — Same as Singles Sculls.
17. Rowing — Eight-oared Shells. — Same as Singles Sculls.
18. Shooting — Army Rifle — Team competition. — The championship
shall be awarded to the nation making the highest score.
19. Shooting — Army Rifle — Individual competition. — Same as
Army Rifle team competition.
20. Shooting — Revolver or Automatic Pistol — Service weapons —
Team competition. — Same as Army Rifle team competition.
21. Shooting — Revolver or Automatic Pistol — Service weapons —
Individual competition. — Same as Army Rifle team competition.
22. Swimming. — The championship shall be awarded to the nation
scoring the greatest number of points in the various events.
23. Tennis. — The championship shall be awarded to the nation
winning the elimination tournament, which shall be conducted as
follows: Drawing will be by lot. In each tie, the contest shall consist
of four singles and one doubles, best three of five advantage sets. Each
singles player will meet each of the opposing singles players.
24. Tracli and Field. — The championship shall be awarded to
the team scoring the greatest number of points in the various events.
25. Tug-of-War. — With only two competing teams, the cham-
pionship shall be awarded to the team first winning two pulls. With
three or more teams, an elimination tournament shall be conducted,
each match of which shall consist of best two of three pulls.
26. Water Polo. — With only two competing teams, the champion-
ship shall be awarded to the team first winning two games. With
three or more teams, an elimination tournament shall be conducted.
27. Wrestling — Catch-as-catch-can and Greco-Roman. — Same as
No. 3.
SCORING SYSTEMS
Track and Field — Horse-Riding Competitions— Swimming.
First place 3 points.
Second place 2 pomts.
Third place 1 pomt.
352 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Boxing and Wrestling. — First place, each weight 2 points.
Second place, each weight .... 1 point.
In any event that attracts but two entries, first place only shall
count. In any event that attracts but three entries, first and second
places only shall count.
CHAMPIONSHIPS
The winning nation in each of the above numbered branches of
sport shall be recognized as champion in that particular branch of sport.
PLAYING RULES
1. Baseball.
American National Baseball Commission rules shall govern.
2. Basketball.
Joint rules adopted by American National College Athletic Asso-
ciation, Y.M.C.A., and Amateur Athletic Union of the U. S. shall
govern.
3. Boxing.
American Expeditionary Forces rules shall govern.
RULE I EQUIPMENT
1. Ring dimensions. — The boxing ring shall be not less than
16 feet nor more than 18 feet square.
2. Extension of ring. — The floor of the ring shall extend beyond
the lower ropes for a distance of not less than 2 feet.
3. Posts. — There shall be at least four posts, properly padded.
4. Ropes. — The ring shall be enclosed by at least three rope
rails with cloth wrappings.
5. Padding. — The ring floor, if of wood or other hard substance,
shall be padded at least 1 inch thick with corrugated paper, matting,
felt, or other soft material.
Note. — A very good padding for an outdoor ring is dampened
sawdust covered with tight canvas.
RULE II RING
1. Ring during progress of match. — During the rounds the ring
shall be cleared of all chairs, buckets, etc.
2. Clear ring. — No person other than the contestants and the
referee shall, during the progress of the rounds, enter or be in the ring.
RULE III BOXING GLOVES
1. Gloves. — ^Five ounce gloves will be used.
2. Bandages. — Soft surgical bandages will be permitted. The
referee will inspect all bandages and gloves in the ring.
RULE IV NUMBER AND TIME LIMIT OF BOUTS AND ROUNDS
All bouts shall consist of ten (10) two (2) minute rounds with
one (1) minute intermissions.
Shooting. Camp streets at the Le Mans range. Top-French. 6'««(er-Bolgian. Bottom^
American.
23
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 355
RULE V OFFICIALS AND DUTIES OF OFFICIALS
1. Officials. — The officials shall be a referee, two judges, one
official timekeeper and one to be appointed by each contestant, one
medical officer, and one clerk.
2. Duties of referee — Decision of judges final. — The referee shall
have general supervision over the match or contest, and shall take
his position within the ring. The primary duty of the referee shall
be the strict enforcement of the rules of boxing and of fair play. The
referee shall, at the conclusion of the bout, abide by the decision of
the judges in every case, if both agree; if not, he will decide the bout
himself, or order one, or if necessary more extra rounds to decide the
contest.
3. The referee —
a. Shall have the power to stop a bout at any stage and make
a decision if he considers it too onesided.
b. Shall not touch contesting boxers except :
1. On failure of one or both contestants to obey
"break" command.
2. To assist injured contestant.
4. Introduction handshaking. — The referee shall insist on all
boxers shaking hands at the commencement of the first and last round.
No other demonstration shall be allowed.
Note. — The referee may be assisted by an announcer whose
duty shall be to announce the names of all contestants and act as a
go-between between the referee and judges.
5. Position of judges. — The two judges shall be stationed at
opposite sides of the ring, preferably on a level with the boxers.
6. Duty of fudges. — It shall be the duty of the judges to watch
every phase of the bout and to make a decision upon its completion.
7. Timekeepers. — All timekeepers will have watches. The ofTi-
cial timekeeper will have at his disposal a gong with which he will
ndicate the beginning and end of each round.
8. Duties of medical officer. — The medical officer shall be in
attendance at all times.
9. Duties of clerk. — The clerk will keep a record of all contestants
and all decisions.
RULE- VI DRAWING
1. Drawing. — The drawings shall be governed by the Bagnall-
Wilde system.
RULE VII^ — SECONDS
1. Seconds. — Each contestant shall be assisted by two (2) seconds.
2. Warning to seconds.— The seconds must not speak, signal,
or in any way coach their principals during the progress of a round,
nor may they claim time, or indicate in any way decisions for them.
3. Any violation of the above provisions may render a principal
liable to disqualification by the reiferee. . ■, : :
356 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
4. Limitation of seconds. — The seconds must remain seated
during the contests, and shall not enter the ring until the timer indi-
cates the termination of a round. They shall leave the ring five
seconds before the beginning of a round.
RULE VIH^WEIGHTS
1. Contestants will weigh in on the day of their first bout at
9:00 a.m. for afternoon bouts, or 3:00 p.m. for evening bouts. The
weight registered at the original weighing-in will be the competitor's
ofTicial weight for the entire meet.
2. Competitions in all championships will be held in the follow-
ing weights and classes :
Bantamweight 118 lbs.
Featherweight 125
Lightweight 135
Welterweight 145
Middleweight 160
Light Heavyweight 175
Heavyweight, all over . . . 175
RULE IX FOULS
1. Disqualification will follow the commission of any of the fol-
lowing fouls after two previous warnings by the referee :
a. Holding an opponent or deliberately maintaining a clinch.
b. Holding an opponent with one hand and hitting with the
other hand.
c. Hitting with inside or butt of the hand, the wrist, or the elbow.
d. Wrestling or roughing.
e. Hitting or "flicking" with the open glove.
2. Immediate disqualification will follow the commission of any
of the following fouls :
a. Hitting below the belt.
b. Hitting an opponent who is down or who is getting up after
being down.
c. Butting with the head or using the knee.
d. Going down without being hit. A contestant may go down
through accident or weakness, but must rise instantly unless sent
down by a blow, in which case he may remain down until the count
of "nine" without being disqualified.
e. Striking deliberately at that part of the body over the kidneys
during a clinch.
/. The use of abusive or insulting language.
g. Using the pivot blow.
3. If a foul (See Rule IX 2 a.) is claimed by one of the contest-
ants he will be examined by the medical officer and the referee
will make his decision from the result of this examination.
RULE X — "down"
1. A contestants shall be deemed "down" when :
a. Any part of his body other than his feet is on the ring floor.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 357
b. He is hanging helplessly over the ropes.
c. Rising from "down" position.
Note.— A boxer hanging on the ropes is not officially "down"
until so pronounced by the referee, who can either stop the bout or
count the boxer out on ropes or floor.
2. Rule for contestant when opponent is down.— When a contestant
is "down" his opponent shall retire to a neutral corner and shall not
resume boxing until his opponent is up.
RULE XI ^FINISH
1. Bout over when. — The round and bout shall be terminated
when "down" contestant fails to resume boxing at the expiration
of 10 seconds, and referee announces decision.
2. Ten seconds indicated by referee. — -The 10 seconds shall be
counted aloud, and the expiration of each second shall be definitely
indicated by the referee.
RULE XII
1. Other questions arising. — In the event of any question arising
not provided for in these rules the referee shall have full power to decide
such questions, and his decision shall be final.
4. Cricket.
Standard rules of England as drawn up by the Marylebone Cricket
Club shall govern.
5. Cross-Gountry Race.
(10,000 meters — Individual competition.)
The race shall be over country of varying character on a course
unknown to the competitors, to be designated by the Games Com-
mittee. The start and finish will be in the Stadium. The first 500
meters and the last 1 ,000 meters shall be run on the track.
6, 7, 8. Fencing.
(Foils, Broadswords, Duelling swords.)
general rules
The 1913 Rules of the Federation Nationale d'Escrime shall
govern.
TEAM COMPETITION
Team competition will be composed of three events, namely foils,
broadswords, and duelling swords.
(6) Foils. — No nation shall enter more than 6 men in the foils event.
The opponent making the first three touches during a bout shall be
declared the winner. If at the end of 5 minutes neither opponent
has scored a touch, the bout will be halted for one mmute. The bout
will then be resumed. If at the end of another 5 minutes neither
opponent has scored a touch the bout will be halted for one minute,
at the end of which it will again be resumed. If at the end of an
additional 5 minutes neither opponent has scored, each opponent,
will then be awarded a touch and the bout ended. If, however, one
358 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
or more touches have been scored during the entire 15 minutes of
fencing, the decision shall be awarded to the opponent who has scored
the greatest number.
(7) Broadswords. — No nation shall enter more than 6 men in the
broadswords event. The same rules that govern the foil bouts will
govern broadswords, except that the last period of the bout, in case
no touches have been made by either opponent, will be 15 minutes
instead of 5.
{8) Duelling Swords. — No nation shall enter more than 8 men in the
duelling swords event. The opponent making the first touch will be
awarded the bout. The periods of time will be divided as those in
broadsword, namely : 5 minutes, 1 minute rest; second, 5 minutes,
1 minute rest, and third, 15 minutes, at the end of which an award
of 1 point will be made to each opponent in case no touch has been
scored by either.
INDIVIDUAL COMPETITION
In the individual competition no nation shall enter more than
5 men for foils event, 5 men for broadswords event, and 8 men for
duelling swords event. For each event the contestants will be grouped
into poules of 8 men. Each poule will be composed, as far as practic-
able, of men representing the different nations. The number of
poules and the number of individuals contesting will be reduced by
ehmination until finally only one individual for each event remains
undefeated. This individual will be awarded the competition in his
weapon.
9. Football — Soccer.
Enghsh Football Association Rules shall govern.
10. Football — American Intercollegiate.
American Intercollegiate Rules shall govern.
11. Football — Rugby.
The Enghsh Rugby Union Rules shall govern.
12. Golf.
The rules of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews shall
govern.
13. Hand-Grenade Throwing.
1. The grenade shall be the French F-1 Defensive Grenade;
length over all 115 mm., greatest diameter 59 mm., total weight
600 gr. loaded.
2. The throwing shall take place from behind a scratch line.
The thrower may place his foot, or feet, upon the line, but if he steps
over the line with either foot before the grenade first strikes the ground
the throw is invahd.
3. The competitors may throw in any way they wish, with either
hand, and with or without a run.
4. The throw shall be measured along a line perpendicular to
the scratch line, or the scratch Hne extended, from the point where
the grenade first strikes the ground to the scratch line.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 359
5. Each competitor shall be allowed three throws, and the best
four men shall be allowed three more throws. Each competitor shall
be credited with the best of all his throws.
14. HoRSE-RiDiNG Competitions.
1. There will be three events:
I. Military Competition.
II. Prize Jumping — Individual.
III. Prize Jumping — In pairs.
In each event first, second and third places will be recorded.
I. MILITARY COMPETITION
2. Team competilion. — One team of not more than four competi-
tors from any one country, with not to exceed two substitutes : the
first three places to count. Individual competition, conducted
simultaneously.
SPECIAL REGULATIONS
3. Competitors may ride either private or government owned
horses. The minimum weight of competitors shall be one hundred
sixty five pounds.
4. The competition is divided into three tests and must not be
concluded in less than three days. The Committee shall have the
right to interpose one or more days of rest between those days on
which competitions are held.
5. Each rider may enter not more than two horses, but can only
use one of them, and shall be obliged to ride this one in all the tests.
No outside help may be received during the progress of the competi-
tion, except in tests A and B, for the purpose of shoeing, veterinary
and medical treatment.
A Long-distance Ride.
B Cross-country Ride (included with A).
Uniform: Service, without arms.
Bitting: optional.
Saddling: optional.
Distance: 55 kilometers; 50 kilometers on the road and
during the latter part of the ride, 5 kilometers on a cross-country
course of 5 kilometers, marked out with flags.
Maximum time: For the whole distance, 4 hours, of which
15 minutes will be counted for the cross-country ride of 5 kilometers;
shorter time, whether for the whole ride or for the cross-country ride,
will not be awarded extra points.
C Prize Jumping competition.
Undress uniform without arms.
Bitting: optional.
Saddling: optional.
Obstacles: 15 fixed obstacles of not more than 1.3 meters
in height. The long jumps will not be more than 4 meters m length.
Other conditions according to propositions for the prize
jumping competition of the Inter-Allied Games (II).
360 THE INTER-ALLIED ;;GAMES —1919
PRINCIPLES FOR JUDGING
6. Long-distance Ride — This is to be considered as a test of
endurance. Riders who have covered the distance within the maxi-
mum time will receive 10 points. For every minute or fraction of a
minute in excess of this time, 1 point will be deducted.
7. Cross-country Riding test— Each judge will give 10 points
for the part of the course under his control, which will be reduced in
each case :
For refusing 2 points
For bolting 2 points
For the horse faUing 5 points
For the rider being thrown 5 points
For every period of 5 seconds or fraction thereof in excess of the
maximum time the total number of points will be reduced by 2.
8. Prize Jumping test (see illustrations Competition I and
details) : To be judged according to the regulations for the Prize Jump-
ing competition of the Inter-Allied Games (II).
RULES FOR DETERMINING THE PLACING
9. After each test the points of each competitor will be totalled.
In order to give equal importance to the different tests, the final
result will be determined according to the following principles :
The maximum number of points possible for each test will be divided
by 10. The number of points attained by each competitor will then
be divided in each test by the number thus obtained for the respec-
tiye tests. This will give a quotient varying between 10 and 0, which
will be the number of points of the respective competitors in the
respective tests.
The total sum of the final points in the three tests will be the final
number of points of the competitor, and this number will determine
the order in the individual competition. The rider obtaining the
highest number of points will be placed as No. 1, the one obtaining
the next highest number will be placed as No. 2, and so on.
In the team competition, the nation whose best three competitors
have obtained the highest total number of points will be the winner;
the nation obtaining the next highest number will be second, and so on.
Example — Cross-Gountry Riding.
Judje Maximum Deductions Points Won
Points
1 10 2 8
2 10 10
3 10 5 5
4 10 5 5
5 10 2 8
6 10 10
7 10 10
7)10 7)56
Avg. 10 8 points
rop-^eneral Pershing takes a shot. J7pper cerUer 'f/«-G«"^^^l P<=''*''^,^,;°°S 'I'Sio,^.!
Romanian team. Ppper center right^Axaevicans on the range. Lower «!"'^^iff«-«Xn.'
at the matches. Lower center rt^A^-U. S. pistol competitors. i?otom-General Pershm.,
congratulating French team.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 363
II. PRIZE JUMPING COMPETITION INDIVIDUAL
1 . Individual competition: Not more than six competitors from
any one country (substitutes not to exceed three).
SPECIAL REGULATIONS
2. Competitors may ride either private or government owned
horses.
Each rider may enter not more than three horses, and may ride
one, two or all of these mounts in class II only.
The prize jumping competition will take place on an obstacle
course in the Stadium.
Dress: Uniform, service, without arms.
Bitting and saddling: optional.
Number of obstacles: 15 (see illustrations Competition II and
details). Maximum height 1.4 meters (fixed). The obstacles will
have a solid appearance, but will be so constructed that essential
portions will give way when struck with force. For judging touches
there will be a loose marking lath.
Long jump obstacles not to exceed 4 meters in length.
Riders to cover the obstacle course at the rate of 400 meters a
minute which will be timed. Less time will not be awarded additional
points.
Competitors are not allowed to try the jumps before the compe-
tition.
Taking part in a previous competition will not be counted as a
trial of the jumps.
PRINCIPLES FOR JUDGING
3. Points will be given for each obstacle on a basis of 10 which
will be reduced in each case : d • 4.
For refusing, the first time, by 2 points
For refusing, the second time, by 4 points
For refusing, the third time Eliminated
For bolting, the first time, by 2 points
For bolting, the second time, by .4 points
For bolting, the third time Ehminated
For the horse falling the first time, by ... . 4 points
For the horse falling the second time Eliminated
For the rider being thrown Eliminated
In taking the high jumps —
For touching with fore legs by 2 points
" hind " 1 Popt
" knocking down the fence with the fore legs. 4 points
" knocking down the fence with the hmd legs 2 pomts
" touching or knocking down with both fore and hind legs,
only the fore legs will be counted.
For long jumps —
If the horse lands with his hind legs on the limit
mark on far side of the ditch, by 1 pomt
364 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
If the horse lands with his hind legs inside the
limit mark, or touches the surface of the
water with his hind legs 2 points
If the horse lands with his fore legs on the Hmit
mark on the far side of the ditch 2 points
If the horse lands with his fore legs inside the
hmit mark, or touches the surface of the
water with his fore legs 4 points
In the case of combined obstacles the above regulations apply-
to each one separately.
Each period of 5 seconds or fraction thereof in excess of the maxi-
mum time will incur a penalty of 2 points.
Any competitor riding the wrong way or not taking the obstacles
in their proper order will be disqualified.
If any alteration in the equipment of the horse takes place during
the course of the competition, the rider will not, for this reason, be
allowed another try over the obstacles.
No outside help may be made use of in the course of the competi-
tion.
RULES FOR DETERMINING THE ORDER
4. The competitors will be placed in numerical order, according
to the number of points obtained, and thus the one who has obtained
the highest number of points will be placed No. 1, the next one.
No. 2, and so on.
In case of two or more competitors obtaining the same number
of points, the competition will be continued between them over obs-
tacles 2, 3, 12, 13, 10 and 11, which, in case of Competition I,
will not be increased beyond 1.3 meters, and, in the case of the
Prize Jumping Competition II, not beyond 1.4 meters. In the
event of the competitors again reaching the same number of points,
the time occupied shall decide who is to be declared the winner. The
principles for judging given above shall be in force.
In team competition, that nation will be declared the winner
whose best three competitors have obtained the highest total number
of points; the nation that has obtained the next highest number will
be second, and so on.
III. Prize Jumping Competition — In Pairs
Team Compeiition. — Not more than three teams of two men
each from each country.
SPECIAL regulations
Same as Prize Jumping Competition (Individual).
Each pair of riders will ride together.
PRINCIPLES FOR judging
Faults of each horse to count.
Points to be one-half those in Event II.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
365
'i^OBO-
NO.l. rttPOf.
ttME.
NO. 2. rCNCC.
NO. 3. STOtIC WftU.
MUR En PIERRE.
NO. 4. BAlLWaV,OATCS.
FASSftSE A MIWE^U.
MO. 5. TGIPLC BAB
THIPLE BARBE
NO.e.rcrjcc IN PiKC. ,
Bw\mti\tow»«^tRwitiM.
rtO.7. nEDOC AHP TQP p/\p.
MME MttB^Wt,
NO a.^Ncc-DiKc.-hCPoi:.
B^RRltRC, fOSSE ET IIAtt.
366
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
N9 9. rCMCC.
Babre.
N? iO. BCKK WftLL .
MUR EW BRIQUE .
N9lj. COUMTCV COAD. rCNCt ON EiThEC SIPC
FASSAat DE ROUTE ^VEC BARWtRE DE5 DEUX COTES
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
367
368
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
-St/ict ^^
Prize Jumping Competition 1 — 15 Obstacles
Prize Jumping Competition 2 — 15 Obstacles
*? 4^ O ^ ^
Shooting. Top— Canadian team. Center— Belgian team. 5oHo/h— Portuguese team.
24
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 371
15, 16, 17. Rowing-
rules
1. Equipment. — All boats shall have outriggers. Every eight-
oared boat, and every four-oared boat shall carry a coxswain. No
coxswain shall steer for more than one crew.
2. Every boat, at starting, shall carry at the bow the flag of
the nation it represents. Boats not conforming to this shall be
liable to be disqualified by the umpire.
3. Officials. — The Games Committee shall appoint one or more
umpires, and one or more judges.
4. The jurisdiction of the umpire extends over a race and all
matters connected with it, from the time the race is specified to start
until its termination, and his decision in all cases shall be final and
without appeal.
5. Eligibilily. — No person may be substituted for another who
has already rowed or steered in a heat.
6. Clothing. — Every competitor must wear complete clothing
from the base of neck to within four inches of the knee-cap, including
a Jersey, with sleeves to within four inches of the elbow.
7. Method of racing and Water Rules. — Heats and stations shall
be drawn by lot. It shall be open to all competitors to be present
in such draw.
8. If there shall be more than two competing crews or scullers,
they shall row a trial heat, or heats; but no more than two boats
shall contend in any heat for any event.
9. In the event of a dead heat taking place, any competitor who
refuses to row again, as may be directed by the umpire, shall be
adjudged to have lost.
10. The whole course must be completed by a competitor before
he can be held to have won a trial heat unless he is prevented from
doing so by damage occasioned by a foul. Boats shall be held to
have completed the course when their bows reach the winning post.
11. In the event that all boats entered are withdrawn, with the
exception of one, the crew of the remaining boat must row over the
course to be entitled to be declared winner of the event.
12. Starting. — All boats shall be measured and started with
their bows level.
13. The umpire may act as starter, or not, as he thinks fit;
when he does not so act, the starter shall be subject to the control
of the umpire.
14. The boat races shall be started in the following manner:
The starter, on being satisfied that the competitors are ready, shall
give the signal to start.
15. If the starter considers the start false, he shall at once recall
the boats to their stations, and any boat refusing to start again, or
persistently starting before the signal, shall be liable to be disquahfied
by the umpire.
372 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
16. A boat not at its post at the time specified shall be liable to
be disqualified by the umpire.
17. Course. — A boat's proper course is such a course as will enable
it to reach the winning post in the shortest possible time, provided
that it allows ample water for the other competing boat to steer its
proper course on the side on which such competing boat started, when
such competing boat is in a position to enforce its right to such water.
Any boat failing to keep its proper course does so at its peril in the
event of a foul occurring.
18. The umpire shall be the sole judge of a boat's proper course
during a race, and shall decide all questions as to a foul.
19. The umpire may caution any competitor when he considers
that there is a probabihty of a foul occurring and may warn a com-
petitor of any obstruction in his course, but the umpire shall not under
any other circumstances direct the course of a competitor.
20. Fouls and disqualification. — It shall be considered a foul
when, after a race has been started, any competitor, by his oar, scull,
boat, or person, comes into contact with the oar, scull, boat, or person
of another competitor.
21. In the event of a foul occurring a competitor may claim
that the other competitor be disqualified. Such claim must be made
by the competitor himself, before getting out of his boat, to the umpire
or to the judge. The judge, upon such claim being made to him,
shall take immediate steps to communicate the same to the umpire.
22. If the competitor making the claim was in his proper course
and the competitor against whom the claim is made was out of his
proper course, the latter shall be disqualified, unless the foul was so
slight as not to influence the race, in which case the competitor against
whom the claim is made shall be disqualified only if he has seriously
encroached upon the proper course of the competitor making the claim.
In cases under this rule the umpire may reserve his decision, but
must give it within a reasonable time after the finish of the race.
23. The umpire in either of the following cases may of his own
initiative, and without a claim being made, disqualify a competitor
who is involved in a foul when out of his proper course, provided he
does so immediately upon the foul occurring :
a. If such competitor has in the opinion of the umpire
wilfully encroached upon the proper course of the other
competitor.
b. If the foul be of such a nature as clearly to influence the race.
24. In the case of a foul the umpire shall have power :
a. To place the boats in the order in which they come in.
b. To order the boats to row again on the same or another day.
c. To restart the boats according to his discretion.
25. Every boat shall abide by its accidents, but if during a race
a boat shall be interfered with by any outside boat or person, the
umpire shall have power, if het hinks fit, to restart the boats according
to his discretion, or to order them to row again on the same or another day.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 373
26. No boat shall be allowed to accompany or follow any race
for the purpose of directing the course of any of the competitors.
Any competitor receiving any extraneous assistance may be disquali-
fied at the discretion of the umpire.
27. The judge shall decide as to the order in which the boats
reach the winning post and such decision shall be final and without
appeal.
28. Any competitor refusing to abide by the decision of the
umpire, or to follow his directions, shall be liable to be disqualified.
18, 19, 20, 21. Rifle and Pistol Competition.
RULES
These rules conform to those used in last Olympic Games as nearly
as is practicable under the circumstances, and are as follows.
(18.) Rifle — Team Match. — Arms. — The adopted model of the
national military arm of any of the competing countries may be used.
The rifle must be without mechanical alteration or addition.
Before the competition, the captain of the shooting contingent
of each country shall certify that this condition is observed.
Fore and backsights must be regulation, not telescopic or magni-
fying.
Ordinary spectacles may be worn if desired.
The pull of the trigger must not be less than three pounds.
The triggers will be tested immediately before firing at each dis-
tance.
Rifle slings may be used as a support for one arm, but in each
case they must be of a regulation military pattern.
A ricochet will be counted as a hit.
One team may be entered from each nation; each team to consist
of 12 men, with a minimum of three reserves, but a total of 25 may
attend.
After the shooting has begun reserves shall not be permitted to
replace those competing except in the case of physical disability of
the member so replaced, which disability shall be certified to by the
camp surgeon.
The distances are: 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 yards.
Any position may be taken without artificial rest, except that
in all prone positions the head shall be towards the target.
Each competitor shall fire two sighting shots, and ten shots
The order in shooting of each team shall be decided by its captain.
The assignment to targets shall be by lot.
No protection against light or wind may be employed.
Any challenges must be made before another shot has been fired
at the challenged target.
The time limit is one minute per shot with a total added allow-
ance of twelve minutes at each range for changing competitors. This
time is exclusive of successful challenge.
374
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
The targets are as follows :
Figure 1— Target for 200, 300 and iOO yards
Figure 2— Target for 500
and 600 yards
All distances — Revolver
and Pistol competltioii
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 375
No allowance will be made for a defective cartridge except in the
case of a missfire.
The leader of the competition shall have the power to suspend
the shooting on any day should the weather conditions render that
step necessary, and to flx another day for the resumption of the
competition.
No two competitors may fire with the same rifle, nor may a compe-
titor change his rifle at any single distance of the competition, unless
his first rifle shall become unserviceable through an accident.
No rifle may be cleaned and wiped out between shots fired with
it at any single distance in the competition.
The inner edge of the shot hole shall determine the value of the shot.
The highest aggregate of the scores at all the distances shall deter-
mine the winning team.
In the event of a tie in the final totals, the winning team will be
selected according to the following rule :
First by considering the greatest number of shots in the target.
Second, by the greatest number of "visuals" (bullseye), including
all the black space on the target.
Third, by the greatest number of 5s, 4s, 3s, etc., for the rifle, and
of 10s, 9s, 8s, etc., for the revolver.
(19). Individual Rifle Mafc/i.— Distances, 300, 500, and 600 yards
slow fire, and 200, 300 and 500 yards rapid fire.
The competition is Hmited to 25 individual entries from each nation .
The targets to be the same as in the team match.
Any position without artificial aid will be permitted, except that
in all prone positions the head must be toward the target.
Each competitor must fire 10 shots at each range.
Two sighting shots must be fired at 500 yards and 600 yards slow
fire. No other sighting shots shall be allowed.
Ties will be decided by the same method as in the team match.
Rapid Fire. — The time limit will be one minute at 200 yards, one
minute and ten seconds at 300 yards, and one minute and 20 seconds
at 500 yards.
The competitors being on the line and ready to fire, the targets
appear, remain in sight the allotted time, and then disappear. During
the time the target is in sight the competitor must fire, or attempt
to fire, his series of ten shots.
Any competitor, who begins firing when his target appears, will
not be allowed to enter a protest as to the malfunctioning of the
target. If he considers that his target has been slow in appearing,
or in any other way puts him at a disadvantage due to its operation,
he should not fire, but should call the attention of the range officer,
to the defect in working the target. He will then be allowed another
opportunity to fire. • r. • j; i i
Any target with more than ten hits on it m rapid fire is a fouled
target and will not be marked or scored, and the competitor assigned
to that target will repeat his score.
376 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
(20) Revolver and Pislol Team Ma/cft.— Open to one team from
each nation. Each team to consist of 10 men, with a mmimum of
two reserves, but a total of 25 may attend. »^, .„• .
Anv service revolver or pistol of the type used by any of the Allied
Troops between 4 August, 1914, and 11 November, 1918, with open
fore and back sights, may be used.
The trigger pull must be at least four pounds.
Distance: 25 and 50 yards slow fire, 15 and 25 yards rapid fire.
The number of shots will be 10 at each range for each member
of the team for both slow and rapid fire.
No sighting shots will be allowed. Scores will be 5 in groups of
10 shots at a time. In rapid fire, the group of 10 shots will be divided
into two series of 5 shots each. The time allowance for slow fire,
5 minutes for each series of 5 shots.
Position: Standing, with the arm and hand free from the body.
The inner edge of the shot hole will determine the value of the
shot.
Procedure in rapid fire: The target appears, remains in sight
10 seconds, and then disappears. During the time the target is in
sight the competitor must fire or attempt to fire his series of 5 shots.
Unfired shots shall count as misses.
Once a competitor has commenced to fire he will not be permitted
to enter a protest concerning the manipulation of the target.
Target: This shall be for all distances as indicated for "Revolver
target" in cut.
Ties: These shall be decided by the same method as indicated
herein for the rifle match.
(21). Individual Revolver and Pistol Match — Entries shall be
limited to 25 from each competing nation.
Distances : 25 and 50 yards slow fire and 15 and 25 yards rapid
fire. Twenty shots at each range for each member of the team for
both slow and rapid fire.
No sighting shots will be allowed.
Scores will be fired in groups of 10 shots at a time. In rapid fire,
the group of 10 shots will be divided into two series of 5 shots each.
Position: Same as in the team match.
The inner edge of the shot hole will determine the value of the
shot.
Procedure in rapid fire: Same as in the team match.
Once a competitor has commenced to fire he will not be permitted
to enter a protest concerning the manipulation of the target.
Target: Same as in the team match.
Ties: Same as in the team match.
22. Swimming.
1. Officials. — The officials shall consist of one referee, not less
than three time keepers, three judges, one starter, one announcer, one
clerk of the course and assistants when necessary.
Shooting. Top— French team. Center— Kuuiuanian team. Boitom— Italian team.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
379
2. Breast stroke. — The contestants shall dive and swim on the
breast. Both hands must go forward and be brought backward simul-
taneously and must so be used throughout the race. The body must
be kept perfectly on the breast and the shoulders kept on a line with
the surface of the water. The carrying of one shoulder higher than
the other disqualifies the contestant from that race.
The touch at the ends of the pool and at the finish of the race
shall be made with both hands simultaneously.
If the head be carried under the water, it must come up above
the surface of the water after each stroke.
The use of any side stroke movement whatsoever, will serve to
disqualify the contestant.
For violation of any of the above rules the referee shall disqualify
the contestant.
3. Back stroke. — In the back stroke, the contestants shall start
in the water facing the starting end, with both hands resting on the
rail or end of the pool. The feet may be resting against the end of
the pool. At the pistol they shall push off on their backs and commence
and continue swimming on their backs throughout the race. Con-
testants may turn on their breasts just as they reach the end of the
pool, but must "coast" and not use either arms or legs for propulsion.
Both hands must be placed on the end or rail of the pool at each turn
before pushing off, the same as at the start of the race.
For violation of any of the above rules the referee shall disqualify
the contestant.
4. Relay races. — The same rules governing individual races will
apply to relay racing.
The contestant must touch the rail or end of the pool with one
or both hands before the next contestant of his team shall leave the
take-off.
5. General rules. — a. In all races except the back stroke, each
contestant shall stand with both feet on the take-off. Stepping back
before or after the pistol is not allowed and shall serve to disquahfy
the contestant from that event.
b. If the contestant leaves the take-off prior to the firing of the
starter's pistol, it shall be considered a false start. The starter shall
disqualify any contestant who makes three false starts. No substi-
tution shall be allowed for such disqualified competitor.
c. Each contestant shall keep a straight course parallel to the
other contestants. They shall be started at least six feet apart and
each one is entitled to a straight lane of water six feet wide from start
to finish.
d. Any contestant who, when out of his own lane, shall touch
another contestant, is liable to disqualification from that event by ref-
eree. Touching or swimming across or obstructing any contestant m
anyway so as to impede his progress shall constitute a foul. If m the
opinion of the referee a swimmer has been fouled to a degree that
endangers his chance of success, he shall allow him to compete m the
380 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
next heat or final, and he shall be eligible to take any prize to which
his position in the final may entitle him. Should a foul occur m the
final the referee shall order the race reswum. The contestant com-
mitting the foul shall be disqualified from that event.
e In all races except the breast stroke and back stroke the
contestant must touch the rail or end of the pool with one or both
hands before pushing off.
/ In all races except the breast stroke each contestant shall
have finished the race when any part of his person reaches the end
of the pool or finish line.
g. The choice of positions shall be drawn for.
h. In case of a dead heat for first [place the tie shall be decided
by a swim-off the same day, or the contestant or team refusmg to
swim shall be given second place.
i. For violation of any of the above rules the referee shall dis-
qualify the contestant.
23. Tennis.
International Lawn Tennis rules shall govern.
1. Teams will consist of from two to four men each.
2. Two players shall be selected for the singles competition and
one pair of doubles players for the doubles competition.
3. The contest between competing nations, drawn against each
other by lot in the elimination tourament, shall consist of four singles
and one doubles match. The team winning the majority of these
five matches wins the tie.
4. The two players of any one country selected for the singles
competition shall each play against the two singles players of the
other competing nation in the tie.
5. After the singles matches once begin, in any one tie no sub-
stitution shall be allowed during that tie.
24. Track and Field.
officials
The officials shall be: one referee, four or more inspectors to assist
referee, one scorer, one or more assistant scorers, one clerk of the
course and assistants, one announcer with assistants if necessary.
1. For track events — Five judges at the finish, three time-keepers,
one starter.
2. For field events — Nine field judges.
Referee. — The referee shall decide all questions relating to the
actual conduct of the events whose settlement is not otherwise pro-
vided for in these rules. His decision shall be final and without
appeal.
In case a race has been drawn into heats, and no more contestants
appear than enough to make one heat, the referee shall be empowered
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 381
to see that the race is run in one heat; but in all races requiring more
than one heat he shall see that no second man shall be debarred from
a chance to qualify in the finals.
The referee may appoint one of the judges at the finish, head
judge, one of the timers, head timer, and one of the field judges,
head judge, who shall assume leadership in the duties of the position.
Inspectors. — The inspectors shall perform such duties as may
be assigned to them by the referee, and shall report to him any vio-
lation of the rules which they observe or of which they are informed.
Judges of finish. — The judges at the finish shall stand three at
one end of the tape and two at the other. One shall take the winner,
another the second man, another the third man, another the fourth
and another the fifth, as the case may require. In case of disagree-
ment the majority shall decide. Their decision as to the order in
which the men finished shall be final and without appeal.
Field Judges. — The field judges shall measure, judge and record
each trial of each competitor in all events, whose record is of distance
or height. Their decision as to the performance of each man shall
be final and without appeal.
There shall be three officials in charge of each field event. These
officials shall be responsible for commencing their respective events
and for their continuance without unnecessary delays. They shall
excuse a contestant from a field event in which he is taking part for
a period long enough to contest in a track event, and allow such
contestant to take his missed turn or turns in said field event within
a reasonable time after the track event. They shall see that reason-
able opportunities are given to contestants who desire to try in two
field events that are being contested at the same time. To the end
that there be no unnecessary delay, each competitor shall take his
trial or turn when called upon to so do by the field judge having
charge of the contest and if, in the opinion of such field judge, the
competitor unreasonably delays to do so, such judge may, with the
consent of the referee, forfeit such trial and have the same tallied
against the competitor as one miss or failure.
The field judge shall see that no weight is used in any of the weight
competitions which has not been approved as conforming to the rules.
Timekeepers. — There shall be three timekeepers for each track
event. In case two watches agree, and the third disagrees, the time
marked by the two shall be the official time. If all watches disagree,
the time marked by the watch giving the middle time shall be the
official time. Time shall be taken from the flash of the pistol. Three
watches must record the time on an event for a record. Each time-
keeper is required to have his watch tested by an expert watchmaker
prior to the meet.
Clerk of course.— The clerk of course shall be provided with the
names of all entered competitors and their numbers and shall notify
them at least five minutes before the start of every event m which
382 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
they are entered. He shall be responsible for getting the contestants
out at the proper time for each event. He shall place the men in
their heats and give them positions on the track according to their
drawings. He shall assign such duties to his assistants as he may
see fit.
Scorer. — The scorer shall keep a record of the competitors and
point winners in each event, with complete results. He shall record
the laps made by each competitor, and call them aloud, when tallied,
for the benefit of the contestants.
He shall notify the starter before the beginning of the last lap in
each distance race, at which time a signal by gong or pistol shot shall
be given the competitors.
The assistants shall do such portions of his work as he may assign
to them.
Starter. — The starter shall have entire control of the competitors
at the marks, except as above provided for in the duties of the clerk
of course, and shall be the judge of fact as to whether or not any
man has made a false start.
He shall be responsible for starting the track events promptly
after the men have been given their positions by the clerk of the
course. He shall also be responsible for any unnecessary delay in
the continuance of said events. He shall give a signal by pistol shot
or gong at the beginning of the last lap in each distance race.
Competitors. — Immediately on arriving at the grounds each com-
petitor shall report to the clerk of the course and obtain his number
for the event in which he is entered. He shall inform himself of the
times at which he must compete, and shall report promptly for his
events, without waiting to be notified. No competitor shall be allow-
ed to start without his proper number.
Inner grounds. — No person whatever shall be allowed inside the
track except the officials and properly accredited representatives of
the press. Authorized persons shall wear a badge. Competitors not
engaged in the events actually taking place shall not be allowed
inside or upon the track.
RUNNING.
Track. — The measurement of a track shall be twelve inches from
the inner edge, which edge shall be a solid curb raised three inches
above the level of the track.
Attendants. — No attendant shall accompany a competitor on the
scratch or in the race.
Starting signals. —American system of starting track and field
events shall be official throughout the games. All races shall be
started by the report of a pistol, the pistol to be fired so that its flash
may be visible to the timekeepers. A snap cap shall be no start.
In the case of an unfair start, the starter shall recall the competitors
by a second pistol shot.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 383
Siarling. — ^When the starter receives a signal from the referee
that everything is in readiness, he shall direct the competitors to get
on their marks. When any part of the person of a competitor shall
touch the ground in front of his mark before the starting signal is
given, it shall be considered a false start.
Penalties for false starting shall be inflicted by the starter as
follows:
One meter for the first and one additional meter for the second.
Three false starts by any contestant shall disqualify him. No substi-
tution shall be allowed for such disqualified competitor.
Keeping proper course. — In all races on a straight track each
competitor shall keep his own position on the course from start to
finish. In the 100 and 200 meter dashes, course for contestants shall
be marked out with lime, or preferably by stakes protruding eighteen
inches from the ground and connected at the top by cord or wire.
Change of course. — In all races other than the straight track, a
competitor may change toward the inside whenever he is two strides
ahead of the man whose path he crosses, with the exception that,
after rounding the last turn into the straightaway before reaching
the finish, the competitor must keeep a straight course to the finish
line and not cross either to the outside or to the inside in front of any
of his opponents.
Fouling. — Any competitor may be disqualified by the referee
for jostling, running across, competing to lose, or in any way impeding
another. All competitors representing a team in any one event may
be disqualified by the referee by the act of any one of such compe-
titors in jostling, running across, competing to lose, or in any way
impeding another.
Finish. — The finish line shall be a line on the ground drawn across
the track from finish post to finish post, and the men shall be placed
in the order in which they completely cross this line. For the pur-
pose of aiding the judges but not as finish line, yarn shall be stretched
across the track at the finish, four feet above the ground. It
shall not be held by the judges, but fastened to the finish posts on
either side so that it may always be at right angles to the course and
parallel to the ground. This yarn should be "breasted" by the com-
petitor or competitors in finishing and not seized with the hand.
Ties. — In case of two or more competitors running a dead heat
for any places which count for points in a running event, the points
shall be equally divided between these competitors.
HURDLING
The 110 meters hurdle race shall be over ten hurdles, each 1.06
meter (3 feet 6 in.) high. Each competitor must have a separate
flight of hurdles. The first hurdle shall be placed 13.716 meters from
the scratch, and there shall be 9.144 meters between each two hurdles.
The 200 meters hurdle race shall be over ten hurdles, each 0.759
384 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
meter (2 feet 6 inches) high. The first hurdle shall be placed 18.29
meters from the scratch and there shall be 18.29 meters between each
two hurdles. The hurdles shall be pinned or fixed so that the gates
are rigid. The bases of each hurdle shall be not less than 18 inches
(456 mm.) wide. Length of hurdle shall be 4 feet (1.22 meter).
No record shall be allowed in a hurdle race unless each of the
hurdles, at the time the competitor jumps the same, is standing and
is not knocked down by such competitor.
Any competitor who knocks down four or more of the hurdles
in his race shall be disqualified in that event. A competitor who
trails his leg or foot alongside any hurdle shall be disqualified in that
event.
Any competitor who runs over a hurdle not in his flight or runs
around a hurdle shall be disqualified in that event.
RELAY RACING RULES.
1. Two lines shall be drawn, one ten meters in front of the start-
ing line and the other ten meters behind the starting line. Between
these two lines each runner must pass the baton to the succeeding
runner. The baton must be actually passed, not thrown: or dropped
by the contestant and picked up by the one succeeding him. Failure
to do this shall disqualify the team in that event. The inspectors
shall act as judges of relay racing. Their duties shall be to see that
all passes are properly made.
2. The same rules with reference to fouling, or impeding a runner
in any manner, apply to relay racing as to other running events.
3. No member of a relay team, in order to relieve his teammate,
may step outside the twenty-meter zone. No man may run two
relays in any team in the same race.
4. Only those are allowed to run in the final heat of relay race
who have competed in the trial heats.
5. The relative positions of the teams on the starting line shall
be drawn for, and these positions shall be kept by the teams at
each relay point throughout the race.
6. In all relay races an announcement must be made as to
what distance each man is to run in his relay. Any man failing to
run the distance required shall cause his team to be disqualified,, and
the failmg of any one man to run his full relay shall cause the team
to be disqualified.
7. The baton shall be of wood, of a length not more than 300 mili-
™eters (11.81 mches). Its weight shall be not less than 50 grams
(1.769 ounces). The circumference shall 120 milimeters (4,724 inches).
JUMPING.
No weight or artificial aid will be allowed in any jumping contest
except by special agreement or announcement. When weights are
Top—V. S. rifle team. Bottom— V. S. pistol team.
25
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 387
allowed, there shall be no restrictions as to size, shape or material.
Going over the bar by diving, handspring or somersault shall be
counted a trial but is not a jump.
Running High Jump and Pole Vault. — The jump and the vault
shall be made over a bar resting on pins projecting at right angles
not more than three inches from the uprights. The bar shall be
placed at right angles to the path and the uprights shall not be moved
during the competition.
The height of the bar at starting and at each successive elevation
shall be determined by the officials in charge of the event. Height
to be measured from level take off on the ground, to top of cross bar
in the center between the standards. Three trials are allowed at
each height. Each competitor shall make one attempt in the order
of his name on the program, then those who have failed, if any, shall
have a second trial in regular order. A competitor may omit his
trials at any height, but if he fail at the next height he shall not be
allowed to go back and try the height he omitted. Each competitor
shall be credited with the best of all his jumps or vaults.
The position of the standards shall not be changed during the
competition.
High Jump. — A line to be known as the balk line shall be drawn
three feet in front of the bar and parallel therewith and stepping
over this line in any attempt shall be counted as a "balk" and two
successive balks shall be counted as a "trial" jump. Displacing the
bar shall count as a trial.
Pole Vault. — A line to be known as the balk line shall be drawn
fifteen feet in front of the bar and parallel therewith, and stepping
over this line in any attempt shall count as a "balk." Two succes-
sive balks count as a "trial". Displacing the bar or leaving the
ground in an attempt shall count as a "trial". The poles shall be
unlimited as to size and weight, but shall have no assisting device,
except that they may be wound or wrapped with any substance for
the purpose of affording a firmer grasp, and may have prongs at the
lower end.
No competitor shall, during his vault, raise the hand which was
uppermost when he left the ground to a higher point on the pole, nor
shall he raise the hand which was undermost when he left the ground
to any point on the pole above the other hand.
A competitor shall be allowed to dig a hole not more than one
foot in diameter at the take-off, in which to plant his pole.
Running Broad Jump.— The competitors shall have unlimited
run, but must take-off from or behind the scratch. The scratch Ime
shall be a joist eight inches wide, set flush with the ground, otep"
ping over the scratch so as to mark the ground m an attempt shall
be no jump, but shall count as a "trial." Each competitor shall be
allowed three trials, and the best four men shall have three more
trials each. Each competitor shall be credited with the best ot ali
388 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
his jumps. The measurement shall be from the outer edge of the
joist to the nearest break of the ground made by any part of his
person. A line shall be drawn six feet in front of the scratch line
to be known as the balk line and stepping over this line in an attempt
shall count as a "balk;" two successive balks count as a "trial." When
a competitor runs over the scratch line without jumping it shall count
as a trial jump.
Running Hop-Step-Jump. — Same rules regardmg scratch line
take-off as for running broad jump.
The competitor shall first land upon the same foot with which
he takes off. The other foot shall be used for the second landing
and both feet for the third landing.
WEIGHT THROWING.
Putting the Shot. — The shot shall be a metal sphere weighing
sixteen pounds. It shall be put from the shoulder with one hand,
and during the attempt it shall not pass behind nor below the shoulder.
It shall be put from a circle seven feet in diameter, four feet of which
circumference shall be a toe board, four inches in height. The circle
shall be divided into halves by a line drawn through the center. Foul
puts, which shall not be measured, but which shall count as puts,
are as follows:
1. Letting go of shot in an attempt.
2. Touching the ground outside the circle with any portion of
the body while the shot is in hand.
3. Touching the ground forward of the front of the circle with
any portion of the body before the put is measured.
The competitor must remain in the circle until attempt is marked
(not measured) by the officials.
„ Each competitor shall be allowed three puts, and the best four
men shall each be allowed three more puts. Each competitor shall
be credided with the best of all of his puts. The measurement of
the put shall be from the nearest edge of the first mark made by the
shot to the point of the circumference of the circle nearest such mark.
Discus. — The discus shall be a smooth hard body of any material
without finger holes or any device that will help to give a grip. Its
outside diameter shall be eight inches; its thickijiess in the center
shall be two inches, and its weight shall be four and one-half pounds.
The discus shall be thrown from a circle eight feet two inches
in diameter. Foul throws, which shall not be measured, but which
shall count, are as follows:
1. Letting go of discus in an attempt.
2. Touching the ground outside the circle with any portion of
the body while the discus is in hand.
3. Touching tlie ground forward of the front half of the circle
with any portion of the body before the throw is measured.
The competitor must remain in the circle until attempt is
marked (not measured) by the officials.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 389
Each competitor shall be allowed three throws, and the best
four men shall each be allowed three more throws. Each competitor
shall be credited with the best of all his throws. The measurement
of the throw shall be from the nearest edge of the first mark made
by the discus to the point of the circumference of the circle nearest
such mark.
Javelin Throw. — The javelin shall be of wood with a sharp metal
point. It shall have about the center of gravity a grip formed by a
binding, six inches broad, of whip cord and shall have no other hold
than the above mentioned binding. The length of the javelin shall
be not less than eight feet, six inches, and the weight shall be not less
than one and three-fourth pounds.
The javelin must be held by the grip, and no other method of
holding is permissible.
The throwing shall take place from behind a scratch line. The
thrower may place his foot, feet, hand or hands, upon the Hne, but if
with either foot or hand he touches the ground beyond the hne before
the javelin first strikes the ground, the throw is invahd.
The competitors may throw with either hand and with or without
a run.
In any throw in which the shaft of the javelin strikes before the
point, the throw shall not be measured but shall be a trial without
result. The throw is measured from the point at which the point o f the
javelin first strikes the ground perpendicularly to the scratch line
or the scratch line extended. The conditions governing the number
of competitors qualifying for the finals shall be the same as those
for the shot put.
MEASUREMENTS.
In all weight events and broad jumps, that portion of the tape
showing the meters and centimeters must be held by an official at
the take-off or at the circle.
In the high jump and pole vault, that portion of the tape showing
the meters and centimeters must be held at the cross bar.
,TIES.
In all cases of ties in high jumping the tying competitors shall
have three additional trials at a height to be determined by the judges.
The award shall be given to the competitor who cleared the bar m
the least number of trials. In the event of another tie, the same
procedure will be followed. , „ ■ ,
In case of a tie in the pole vault, the officials shall raise or lower
the bar at their discretion, and those competitors who have tied
shall be allowed one trial at each height.
In case of a tie in a contest decided by "measurement or distance
each of the tying competitors shall have three additional tnals and
the award shdl be made in accordance with the distances cleared m
390
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
these three additional trials. In case of a second tie, three more
trials shall be allowed, and so on until a decision is reached.
PENTATHLON.
Each event shall be conducted under the foregoing track and
field rules with the exception that each competitor shall be given
three trials in the running broad jump, shot put and discus throw,
and shall be credited with the best of all his attempts. In the 200-
meter dash and the 1500-meter run he shall be credited with his
actual time.
Events shall be scored as per the official scoring tables.
A competitor bettering the time or distance set as the one hundred
point mark in any event shall be accredited proportionately. No
mark less than zero shall be given. Should any competitor fail to
compete in any event he shall be disqualified and any points he may
have scored shall be cancelled.
PENTATHLON SCORING TABLE.
200
DISCUS
RUNNING
16-LB
1500
3INTS
METER DASH
THROW
BROAD JUMP
SHOT PUT
METER RUN
Sec.
Meters
Meters
Meters
Min-Sec.
1
33
11.0
2.5
3.0
6^8
2
32
12.0
2.6
3.25
6—46
3
31
13.0
2.7
3.5
6 44
4
30 3-5
14.0
2.8
3.75
6-^2
5
30 1-5
14.5
2.9
4.0
6—40
6
29 4-5
15.0
3.0
4.2
6 38
7
29 2-5
15.5
3.05
4.4
6 36
8
29
16.0
3.1
4.6
6—34
9
28 4 5
16.5
3.15
4.8
6 32
10
28 3-5
17.0
3.2
5.0
6—30
11
28 2-5
17.5
3.25
5.2
6 28
12
28 1-5
18.0
3-3
5.4
6 26
13
28
18.5
3.35
5.6
6 24
14
27 4-5
19.0
3.4
5.8
6 22
15
—
19.5
3.45
6.0
6 20
16
27 3-5
20.0
3.5
6.1
6—18
17
—
20.25
3.55
6.2
6 16
18
27 2-5
20.5
3.6
6.3
6 14
19
—
20.75
3.66
6.4
6 12
-20
27 1-5
21.0
3.7
6.5
6—10
21
—
21.25
3.75
6.6
6 8
22
27
21.5
3.8
6.7
6—6
23
—
21.75
3.85
6.8
6^1
24
—
22.0
3.9
6.9
6 2
25
26 4-5
22.25
3.95
7.0
6—00
26
—
22.5
4.0
7.1
5 58
27
—
22.75
4.05
7.2
5—66
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
391
200
DISCUS
RUNNING
16-LB
1500
HNTS
METER DASH
THROW
BROAD JUMP
SHOT PUT
METER RUN
Sec.
Meters
Meters
Meters
Min-Sec.
28
26 3-5
23.0
4.1
7.3
5 54
29
—
23.25
4.15
7.4
5 52
30
—
23.5
4.2
7.5
5 50
31
26 2-5
23.75
4.25
7.6
5-^8
32
—
24.0
4.3
7.7
5—46
33
—
24.25
4.35
7.8
5-^4
34
26 1-5
24.5
4.4
7.9
5—42
35
24.75
4.45
8.0
5—40
36
25.0
4.5
8.1
5—39
37
26
25.25
4.525
8.2
5—38
38
25.5
4.55
8.3
5—37
39
25.75
4.575
8.4
5 36
40
25 4-5
26.0
4.6
8.5
5—35
41
26.2
4.625
8.6
5—34
42
26 4
4.65
8.7
5—33
43
26.6
4.675
8.8
5—32
44
25 3-5
26.8
4.7
8.9
5—31
45
27.0
4.725
9.0
5—30
46
27.2
4.75
9.1
5 29
47
27.4
4.775
9.2
5—28
48
25 2-5
27.6
4.8
9.3
5—27
49
27.8
4.825
9.4
5 26
50
28.0
4.85
9.5
5—25
51
28.2
4.875
9.6
5—24
52
25 1-5
28.4
4.9
9.7
5—23
53
28.6
4.925
9.8
5—22
54
28.8
4.95
9.9
5—21
55
29.0
4.975
10.0
5—20
56
25
29.2
5.0
10.1
5 19
57
29.4
5.025
10.2
5—18
58
29.6
5.05
10.3
5—17
59
29.8
5.075
10.4
5—16
60
24 4-5
30.0
5.1
10.5
5—15
61
30.2
5.125
10.55
5 — 14
62
30.4
5.15
10.6
5—13
63
30.6
5.175
10.65
5 12
64
30.8
5.2
10.7
5—11
65
24 3-5
31.0
5.225
10.75
5—10
66
31.2
5.25
10.8
5 — 9
67
31.4
5.275
10.85
5—8
68
31.6
5.3
10.9
5—7
69
31.8
5.325
10.95
5—6
70
24 2-5
32.0
5.35
11.0
5—5
5-4
71
32.2
5.375
11.05
72
32.4
5.4
11.1
5—3
392
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
200 DICUS RUNNING 16-LB 1500
POINTS METER DASH THROW BROAD JUMP SHOP PUT METER RUN
Sec. Meters Meters Meters Mm-Sec.
73 _ 32.6 5.425 11.15 5—2
74 _ 32.8 5.45 11.2 5—1
75 24 1-5 33.0 5.475 11.25 5—00
76 — 33.2 5.5 11.3 4—59
77 _ 33.4 5.525 11.35 4—58
78 — 33.6 5.55 11.4 4—57
79 _ 33.8 5.575 11.45 4—56
80 24 34.0 5.6 11.5 4—55
81 — 34.15 5.625 11.55 4—54
82 — 34.3 5.65 11.6 4—53
83 — 34.45 5.675 11.65 4—52
84 — 34.6 5.7 11.7 4—51
85 23 4-5 34.75 5.725 11.75 4—50
86 — 34.9 5.75 11.8 4-^9
87 — 35.05 5.775 11.85 4—48
88 — 35.2 5.8 11.9 4—47
89 — 35.35 5.825 11.95 4—46
90 23 3-5 35.5 5.85 12.0 4—45
91 — 35.65 5.875 12.05 4—44
92 — 35.8 5.9 12.1 4—43
93 — 35.95 5.925 12.15 4—42
94 — 36.1 59.5 12.2 4—41
95 23 2-5 36.25 59.75 12.25 4—40
96 — 36.4 6.0 12.3 4—39
97 — 36.55 6.025 12.35 4—38
98 — 36.7 6.05 12.4 4—37
99 — 36.85 6.075 12.45 4—36
100 23 1-5 37.0 6.10 12.5 4—35
MODIFIED MARATHON RULES.
16,000 Meters.
The race shall be run over roads or streets with start and finish
in the Stadium. The first 1000 meters and the last 2000 meters
shall be run on the track.
No competitor either at the start or during the progress of the
race may accept any service, aid or assistance of any kind what-
soever from any person, under penalty of immediate disqualification,
other than such as may be provided for by the Games Committee.
25. Tug-of-War.
The rope shall be of such length as to allow of a pull of 3.5 meters,
a slack of 3.5 meters at each end, and a space of 1.25 meters for each
competitor. The rope shall be at least 10 centimeters in circum-
ference and shall have no knots or other holds for the hands. Only
such ropes shall be used as are provided by the Games Committee.
Shooting. Top-Rifle pits at the Le Mans range. BoHomZa/i-Camp sta-eet at the range.
RoLm rioAi-Sergeant Stanley Smith, winner individual rifle match.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 395
A colored tape shall be affixed to the middle of the rope, with two
other tapes of another color fastened, one on each side, at a distance
of 1.75 meters from each side of the central tape. Into the ground
there shall be driven a central peg and in a straight line with, and
on each side of this, two other pegs which shall mark the position
of the side-lines which shall be at right angles to the direction of the
pulling and at a distance of 1 .75 meters from an imaginary line drawn
through the center peg. At the start, the rope shall be taut, with
the central tape over the central peg, and all the competitors shall
stand behind the side lines. The start shall take place on the follow-
ing words of command : (a) Take Hold, (b) Ready, (c) Pistol Shot.
The first position of two opposing teams shall be decided by lot, for
the second bout the teams shall change places; should a third pull be
necessary, the positions will again be decided by means of drawing
lots. The pull shall be won by that team that succeeds in drawing
its opponent's side-tape over the first named team's "side line."
No competitor shall wear boots or shoes with sharp projecting
sides or points of any kind whatsoever. No kind of spiked shoes or
boots shall be used, nor may the soles have any kind of projecting
additions. Heel-irons are permitted on the shoes or boots, but they
shall be so sunk in the heel that the bottom of the heel of the boot
or shoe shall be smooth and hard. All footgear (shoes and boots)
shall be submitted for the approval of the referee by the competitors
before the beginning of the competition.
Holes in the ground shall not be made before the start. The
pulling shall take place with the front side of the body turned towards
the opposing team and with the rope under the arm; the body shall
not be turned from this front position to such a degree that the line
of the shoulders passes beyond an imaginary line parallel to the rope.
The "anchor" may hold the slack of the rope in any way he pleases,
as long as it is not knotted around his waist. Turning is not permitted.
For violation of any of the above restrictions by any competitor his
team shall be immediately disqualified.
Each team shall have the right to be coached during the compe-
tition by one individual not forming one of the team.
There shall be an interval of five minutes between the different
bouts taking place in one and the same competition between two
teams. A team which has already competed shall not take part in
a fresh competition before the expiration of 30 minutes after its last pull.
The competitions shall take place on ground without sod.
26. Water Polo.
Rules of Federation Internationale de Natation of 1913 shall govern.
27. Wrestling.
catch- as-catch-can.
Size of the ring.— In all competitions the ring shall be not less
than 16 feet nor more than 18 feet square.
,396 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Ring during progress of match. — During the matches the ring shall
be cleared of all chairs, buckets, etc.
Clear ring. — No person other than the contestants and the
referee shall, during the progress of the matches, enter or be in the
ring.
Costume. — The wrestlers shall compete in nothing heavier than
light, rubber-soled gymnasium slippers or shoes without heels and
laced with eyelets only, and wear a well fitted supporter, and clothing
which will be passed upon by the referee. The referee will also see
that each wrestler's finger-nails are trimmed short and that he has
nothing on his hands or body likely to cause disaster or injury to his-
opponent. No bandages of any kind shall be used on hands, arms,,
or head.
Weighing In. — Each competitor must present himself at nine
o'clock a.m. for afternoon bouts and three o'clock p.m. for evening
bouts on the first day in which he competes. The weight registered
at the original weighing-in will be the competitor's official weight
for the entire meet.
Drawing for bouts. — Immediately before the competition each
competitor, who has weighed-in, shall draw in person his number
and compete according to the drawings.
Bouts. — a. The duration of all bouts will be fifteen minutes each
unless a fall is registered. A fall terminates the bout. If at the end
of fifteen minutes no fall has been registered, the referee may decide
the bout on points of technique and aggressiveness.
6. If a fall has not been secured within the first fifteen minutes,
and the referee is unable to decide he will order a second bout of.
ten minutes after a two-minute rest period. If a fall has not been,
registered in the second period, the referee will decide the match
on points.
c. If at any time any part of either competitor's body touches
the floor off the mat enough to give an advantage to either the aggressor
or the man on defense, the referee shall order both competitors to.
the center of the mat, and they shall resume the same hold.
d. The competitor who has last been defeated by the winner shall",
receive second prize.
Holds ~a. Any hold, grip, lock, or trip will be allowed except the
hammer lock, strangle, full Nelson, and toe holds. Striking, kicking,
gouging hair puHing, biting, strangling, or anything that endangers
life or hmb, will not be allowed. •'a s
b If a conipetitor refuses to break any hold when so ordered
by the referee, he may be disqualified by referee.
• ^'^F^^^ft ^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^ registered when both shoulders shall be
pinned to the mat at the same time. A fall will not count if any
part ot either of the competitor's bodies is touching the floor off the
mat enough to give either competitor an advantage in offense or
defense. Flying falls will not be allowed.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 397
Seconds. — Each competitor shall be entitled to the assistance of
two seconds only and no advice or coaching shall be given to any
competitor by either of his seconds or by any other person during
the progress of any bout. For a violation of this section a referee
may disqualify the competitor who is so advised or coached.
Officials. — a. The officials shall consist of a referee, weigher,
timer, clerk of wrestling and medical officer.
b. The referee shall have full control of the competition and
his decisions shall be final and without appeal. The weigher shall
see that each man is weighed-in stripped, during the prescribed time,
and he shall give the weight of each competitor to the Clerk.
c. The timer shall take the time upon hearing the referee say "Go,"
and shall ring a bell to notify the referee of the expiration of the time
of the bout.
d. The clerk of wrestling shall keep a record of the names, weights,
positions, drawings, winners, etc., and shall call each competitor to
the mat at the beginning of each new bout.
e. The medical officer shall be in attendance at all times at each
meeting held under these rules.
A competitor may enter only the class of his own weight, unless
he is the only entry in that class, in which case he may be allowed to
compete in the next class heavier.
Any competitor entering for any weight and failing to make that
weight at the required time shall be scratched from the list.
GRECO-ROMAN STYLE.
1. Size of ring, costume, weighing-in, weights, drawings for
bouts, seconds, officials, except as noted hereafter in paragraph 2,
shall be the same as for "Gatch-as-catch-can" wrestling.
2. Every contest shall be decided by two judges and a referee.
The referee wiU announce the decision of the judges if they agree.
In case the judges disagree, the referee shall cast the deciding vote.
3. A bout will be limited to twenty minutes, provided no fall
is obtained within that period, except, when no faU has been obtained
within the twenty-minute period and the judges are unable to decide
upon a winner, they shall order an extra bout of twenty minutes. If,
during the second bout of twenty minutes, no faU is obtained, the
judges and the referee shall make a decision based upon points, the
decision going to the wrestler who is most upon the offensive and who,
during the bout, has his opponent the most times in jeopardy.
4. The best two of three falls shall determine the match.
5. A fall is obtained when a wrestler's two shoulders are, to the
satisfaction of the judges, upon the ground or mat at the same time.
Pin falls only to count; rolling falls shall not count.
6. All wrestling shall take place upon the mat. In case the
wrestlers fall off the mat, the referee shall cause them to resume
wrestling from the center of the mat, the same hold to be contmued
as was in force when the wrestlers fell oft the mat.
398
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
7. The wrestlers are allowed to take hold from the head and
not lower than the waist. Taking hold of legs, tripping, twisting of
fingers or thumbs, scratching, striking, grasping ears, hair, flesh,
private parts, or clothes, are forbidden. Any hold causing fear of
breakage or dislocation of a limb shall not be allowed. In addition,
the following holds are barred: double Nelson, hammerlock, strangle,
and half-strangle, the hang, and the flying-mare with the palms
uppermost. Grasping with the closed hand of any part of the oppo-
nent's body except his hands and arms is forbidden.
8. The use of any of the forbidden holds or practices mentioned
in the preceding paragraph constitutes a foul.
9. Following the second warning of a foul, the referee shall
decide the bout against the man perpetrating the foul.
10. Disqualification may follow repeated failures to observe
warnings for forbidden practices.
11. Disqualification eliminates the offender from the entire tour-
nament.
12. Competitor may enter only the class of his own weight,
except that he may enter in the class next heavier if he so elects.
Any competitor entering for any weight and failing to make that
weight at the required time for weighing in, shall be scratched from
the list.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 399
OFFICIALS
The work of selecting officials for the Inter-Allied Games began
twenty days before the opening of the meet. By communicating
with officers who had conducted meets in the American Expeditionary
Forces and for the Y.M.C.A., the Officer in Charge of Officials was
able to compile a list of names of the men with the American forces
best qualified to become officials.
The head of each sport of the Inter-Allied Games was also asked
to submit the names of competent officials. From these recommen-
dations and the lists previously obtained the final selection of officials
was made.
The language to be used among the officials was English. There-
fore, nations unable to recommend officials who had a speaking know-
ledge of the language were provided with interpreters by the Games
Committee. These interpreters worked in conjunction with the offi-
cials.
After the officials had reported, schools of instruction were imme-
diately commenced. When the Games started the officials were requi-
red to report each day to the Officer in Charge of Officials, Maj. Roland
F. Walsh, U. S. Army, one hour before the scheduled time for their
respective events.
Foreign officials from the Allied Nations were used as judges,
inspectors, referees, umpires and the like. The mechanical operation
of the Games was handled by American officials. The service and
cooperation of foreign officials was highly satisfactory. All displayed
interest in their work, and a true spirit of sportsmanship.
A pool of substitutes was kept on hand at all times in order to
avoid delay in case a regular official did not appear.
This section also watched carefully to see that officers in charge
of the various sports made requisitions and obtained the necessary
mechanical equipment needed by officials in their respective sports
such as stop-watches, tapes, whistles and scorecards.
The following is a complete list of officials working in connection
with the Inter- Allied Games:
LIST OF OFFICIALS ACTING IN THE INTER-ALLIED
GAMES, PERSHING STADIUM, PARIS.
22 June to 6 July 1919.
Referee honorary: General John J. Pershing.
Referee: Colonel S. F. Dallam.
Field manager: Colonel Joseph Thompson.
400
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Assistant:
Officer in charge
Track and field events:
Starter:
Clerk of course:
Assistants:
Judges of finish:
Inspectors:
Timers:
Captain R. G. Stevens.
TRACK AND FIELD
Major A. D. Surles.
2nd Lt. J. D. Lightbody.
Major C. J. Miller,
Major A. J. Comstock,
1st Lt. W. Campbell,
1st Lt. Matt Geis,
Capt. L. G. White,
Chaplain C. J. Greene,
Mr. D. W. Thomas, Y.M.C.A.
Lt. Col. 0. S. Perry,
Lt. Col. L. R. Dice,
Lt. Col. Robt. Smart,
Major J. W. Bodily,
Mr. Fred B. Hagaman, Y.k.C.A.
Capt. de Bellefon, France,
Capt. Quilgars, France,
Capt. Mercier, France,
Sous Lt. Delarge, Belgium.
Colonel H. B. Hennessy,
Major Dean Hudnutt,
Capt. Frank M. Gibson,
Capt. C. W. Burton,
1st Lt. R. H. R. Loughborough,
Mr. F. C. Hill,
Chef de Bat. Alain, France,
Lt. Gambley, France,
Lt. Girard, France.
Major Bayley, Canada,
Capt. C. A. Palmer, Canada,
Capt. Blaydon, Canada,
Capt. Costa, Italy,
Capt. Carterigna, Italy.
Major Robert R. Harper,
Capt. R. A. P. Holdesby,
Capt. J. H. Mclntyre,
Dr. Cummings, Y.M.G.A.,
Mr, Wm. Unmack, Y.M.C.A,
Top Ze/i— Norman Ross of America. Top rir/M—Ross of America leading m first lap of
second heat of 800-meter free style. Center lefi-SUvt of 400-meter free style finals.
Center right^St^Tt of second heat of 400-meter free style. Bottom fe/^-Longworth of Australia,
winner second heat of 400-mcter free style. Bottom rujht—Biddlc of America finishing hrst
in second heat 100-meter back stroke.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
403
Field Judges:
Scorers:
Surveyor:
Announcers:
Callers:
Measurers:
Major C. C. Ghilds,
Major F. T. Payne,
Major P. M. Shepard,
Major C. K. Knox,
Capt. L. A. France,
Capt. J. H. Cronly,
Capt. H. 0. Finley,
Capt. J. T. Kibler,
Lt. G. H. Nelson,
Lt. G. F. Ferguson,
Lt. J. E. Dougherty,
Mr. J. Newhall, Y.M.C.A.,
Capt. Genet, France,
Lt. Robillard, France,
Major Barbier, France,
Lt. Delaby, France,
Lt. Caste, France,
Capt. Smith, Belgium,
Capt. Woods, Canada.
Major W. C. Swain,
1st Lt. A. J. Walker,
1st Lt. S. T. Dunlap,
1st Lt. A. J. Rogers.
1st Lt. H. J. Latham.
Lt. M. J. Donoghue,
Lt. A. R. Dorris,
Thos. Gallagher,
F. S. Wyatt, Y.M.C.A.,
Thos. Kelly, Y.M.C.A.,
F. L. Dougherty, Y.M.C.A.,
Capt. Allen H. Muhr.
Mr. James Clark, Y.M.C.A.,
Mr. F. W. Carpenter, Y.M.C.A.,
A. McCumber, Y.M.C.A.
Kenneth McDougal,
J. Allen, Y.M.C.A.,
H. Wood, Y.M.C.A.,
S. Minter, Y.M.C.A.,
P. Lorentz, Y.M.C.A.,
B. Hunt, Y.M.C.A.,
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr. S.
1st Lt.
Mr. H.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
C.
C.
0.
M.
Mr.
Mr. Geo. B. Cole, Y.M.C.A.
404 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — lOIQ'
BOXING
1st Lt. Ben Steinel.
Sgt. Joe Levin.
Pvt. AI. Herr.
Capt. Harry Sharpe.
Mr. James Bronson, Y.M.G.A.
Mr. L. Lerda, Y.M.G.A. , France.
Mr. F. Deschamps, Y.M.G.A., France.
Mr. Ed. Shave, Y.M.G.A.
Pvt. James League.
1st Lt. Harry Leighton.
1st Lt. Albert Pellerin, France.
Major Leon Defigier, France.
Major P. A. Beveridge, Canada.
Major N. A. Armstrong, Ganada.
Capt. R. A. Braydon, Canada.
Capt. Mario Carasi, Italy.
Lt. C. J. Kehaher, Australia.
1st Lt. Apostolos Pikios, Greece.
1st Lt. C. J. MaMarre.
1st Lt. Pierre Makar, Belgium.
SWIMMING AND WATER POLO
Major J. S. McTaggart.
Major G. J. Downing.
Capt. R. H. Rogers.
Capt. J. P. Sullivan.
1st Lt. F. H. Furber.
1st Lt. S. D. Day.
2nd Lt. C. D. Berger.
2nd Lt. H. M. Tishborne.
2nd Lt. H. B. Conard.
2nd Lt. Walter Campbell.
2nd Lt. W. E. Mikell.
Capt. L. Higgins.
Mr. A. E. Marriot, Y.M.G.A.
Mr. H. E. Hoppen. Y.M.G.A.
Mr. C. E. Beckett, Y.M.G.A.
Mr. C. E. Peterson, Y.M.G.A.
Capt. Decoin, France.
Capt. Degraine, France.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 405
Lt. Robillard, France.
Lt. Italo Brenna, Italy.
Major A. H. Fisher, Canada.
Col. C. W. McLean, Canada.
BASEBALL
Mr. Al. Orth, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. Walter Frambes, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. C. E. Robinson, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. R. 0. Thornton, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. T. Crawley, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. 0. T. Doran, Y.M.C.A.
Mr. Dave Roth, Y.M.C.A.
SOCCER
2nd Lt. Fred Wilson.
Mr. A. Patterson, Y.M.C.A.
Capt. H. W. Maloney.
Mr. Jack McKensie, Y.M.C.A.
Capt. Davilat, Roumania.
Lt. Savalesin, Roumania.
Lt. Metiaun, Roumania.
Lt. Alviresch, Roumania.
Lt. F. Cejnar, Czecho-SIovakia.
Lt. Duthiel, France.
BASKETBALL
2nd Lt. C. K. Brownell.
1st Lt. N. B. Delavan.
Lt. F. T. Hanchett.
Lt. R. Dunn.
Mr. John L. Clark, Y.M.C.A.
CROSS-COUNTRY AND MARATHON
Capt. C. H. Holcomb.
Capt. C. D. McLougWin.
Chaplain F. B. Beal.
Mr. J. A. Abernathy, Y.M.C.A.
Lt. Neumayer, France.
Lt. Robillard, France.
Sous Lt. Baissac, France.
Lt. Caste, France.
Lt. Cauvin, France.
406 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Lt. Ganbier, France.
Capt. Grenet, France.
Lt. Pellerin, France.
Lt. Ratti Alfredo, Italy.
RUGBY
Capt. Allen Muhr.
2nd Lt. W. D. Fletcher.
Capt. Bonnefoi, France.
Major H. G. Deeds, Canada.
ROWING
Umpire: Lt. Col. D. M. Goodrich.
Assistants: Capt. L. Higgins.
Capt. Allen H. Muhr.
Regatta Committee and Judges :
Major C. W. Lewis.
Lt. Col. Marshall, Australia.
Major James 0. Spence, Canada.
Lt. Moncelon, France.
Lt. Gerbeland, France.
Lt. Hajny, Czecho-Slovakia.
Lt. Bazzi Mario, Italy.
Colonel Martin, Belgium.
Capt. Fairbain, England.
Major Hardy, New Zealand.
Lt. Ferreira, Portugal.
Timers: Lt. W. A. Simpson.
Lt. Lightbody.
TUG-OF-WAR
Capt. R. A. Holdesby.
Mr. Thomas Kelly.
FENCING
1 . The officials for the Inter-Allied Fencing matches were chosen
at the time of the competition. Each of the two nations competing
was represented by two jurymen, and the four jurymen selected a
neutral president. Many of the following officers have served as
presidents as well as jurymen:
Belgium —
Capt. Van de Viel, Lt. Feverick,
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 407
Lt. Anspach, Lt. Calle.
Gzecho-Slovakia —
Capt. Gruss Lt. Kroupa.
France —
Capt. Cazahuc, Adjt. Spinosi,
Adjt. Haller, Adjt. Dodivers,
Adjt. Pecheux, Adjt. Vin.
Adjt. Remay.
Greece —
Major Natoris.
Italy—
Maj. Gen. Geccherini Capt. Gesanerno,
Lt. Nedo Nadi. Signer Nunes.
Portugal —
Col. Rocha, Lt. Gol. Motta.
Major Ventura.
Roumania —
Lt. Baersou.
American scorers and timekeepers —
Capt. K. J. Zinck, Lt. Eugene Cook,
Lt. G. R. Heflin, Lt. R. A. Knapp.
L. M. 0. Moran.
TENNIS TOURNAMENT
Lt. Col. Robert Smart,
Capt. Clarence Holcomb,
Capt. L. A. France,
Capt. A. P. Withers,
Lt. G. L. Stocking,
Lt. Chisholm Garland,
Lt. Lewis A. Bond,
Lt. George Faunce Jr.,
Lt. 0. J. Reinthal,
Lt. Mortimer L. Dietzer,
Lt. Fred T. Hanchett,
Lt. William C. Wylie,
Lt. John A. Krugh,
Lt. H. A. Leighton,
Lt. E. C. Goodwin,
Lt. William G. Williamson,
408 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Lt. Herbert. D. Bowman,
Lt. Henry G. Sparks,
Lt. Raymond H. Wright,
Chaplain F. P. Beal,
Sgt. J. K. Miller,
Sgt. David Zeisler,
Sgt. Chester L. Hoover,
CpL L. H. Behney,
Cpl. A. S. Johnson,
Pvt. Edgar Tilton,
Pvt. H. L. Richards,
Pvt. H. J. Gedney,
Pvt. A. L. Lindstrom,
Pvt. Andrew B. Lail,
Pvt. A. T. Denton.
HORSE-RIDING
Assignment of officials for 30 June.
Long-distance Ride:
At start —
Starter Col. H. P. Howard.
Assistant Starter Major Wheeler-Nicholson,
Weighing Officer Lt. L. H. Tenney.
Time Keeper Lt. Col. T. L. Sherburne.
Assistant Time Keeper .... Lt. EUiott Holt.
Judge Major d'Auzac (French).
Control Officer Col. L. H. McKinley.
Statistical Officer Major H. Kobbe.
Assistant Statistical Officer . Major D. C. Cabell.
2 Enlisted Assistants, Starter.
3 Enlisted Clerks, Weighing Officer.
1 Enlisted Assistant, Time Keeper.
Railroad Crossing No. 1 —
Time Keeper Major N. Ewing.
Assistant Time Keeper .... Capt. Jack Hastie.
Assistant Time Keeper Capt. d'Estre (French).
2 Enlisted Assistants.
Railroad Crossing No. 2 (Chatenay) —
Time Keeper Capt. W. W. Powell.
Top m-hongwoTth of AustraUa. Top right— Biddle of America. <^^"f '^„ ^,'~I";"'^
water polo team— Ze/< to right— Decoin, Dujardin, Vanlacre, Lehn, J°'^^\^'^'^f' ^rlnlv
Center right-AmeTica,n water polo team— left to right-Rosers, Gardmer, Douglas, Manlj,
Ross, Scarry, McDonald. Bottom Ze/<— Steadman of Australia, winner
in 400-meter free style. Bottom rifffti— Bacigalupo ot Italy.
of third heat
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 411
Assistant Time Keeper .... Lt. W. B. Cobb.
Assistant Time Keeper .... Capt. Gibert (French).
2 Enlisted Assistants.
Railroad Crossing No. 3 —
Time Keeper Lt. J. H. Lucas.
Assistant Time Keeper .... Lt. R. S. Clark.
Assistant Time Keeper .... Lt. Jeanne (French).
Veterinary Station No. 1 (near Rungis)^
Veterinarian Lt. M. E. J. Evans.
2 Farriers.
2 Horseshoers.
Veterinary Station No. 2 (Patte d'Oie)—
Veterinarian Capt. Wm. D. Odou.
2 Farriers.
2 Horseshoers.
Water Point No. 1—
Veterinarian Capt. C. M. Cline.
1 Enlisted Attendant.
Water Point No. 2. (At Finish)—
1 Enlisted Attendant.
Water Point No. 3. (Patte d'Oie)—
1 Enlisted Attendant.
Finish. —
Judge MajorMagdalain(French.) These officials to be
Assistant Judge Col. H. P. Howard. I from personnel at
Statistical Officer Major H. Kobbe. \ "^^^""J" t'^^u^nJs Jn
Ass. Statistical Officer. Major D. C. Cabell. ) fx ^^^ j^g^ qqj^_
Weighing-in Officer . . Lieut. L. H. Tenney. "j testant has started.
Time Keeper Lt. Col. T. L. Sherburne J Not to be included
Time Keeper Lieut. Elliott Holt. f in total of officials
Time Keeper MajorWheeler-Nicholson-, necessary.
2 Enlisted Assistants to Statistical Officer.
2 Enlisted Assistants to Weighing Officer.
2 Enlisted Assistants to Time Keepers.
Cross-counlry Ride.
Start-
Starter Col. A. F. Commisky.
Assistant Starter Capt. W. F. Safford.
Time Keeper Major D. J. Keane.
412 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Time Keeper Major Robt. R. Wallach.
Judge Major Kahlad (Arabian).
Judge Capt. Raschid (Arabian).
Statistical Officer Col. Koch.
Assistant Statistical Officer . Major H. J. M. Smith.
Control Officer Col. C. E. Stodter.
1 Enlisted Assistant.
1 Enlisted Assistant Starter.
1 Enlisted Time Keeper.
Jump No. 1 —
Judge Major Nativelle,
Judge Capt. Safford.
1 Enhsted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 2 —
Judge Lt. P. S. P. Randolph.
Judge Lt. Toscano (Itahan).
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 3 —
Judge Major J. P. Wheeler.
Judge Major Lanck Sweert (Belgian)
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 4 —
Judge Major John C. Mullenix.
Judge Major Bonardi (French).
1 Enhsted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 5 —
Jiidge Gmdt. Radu (Roumanian).
Judge Lt. J. E. Pyke.
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enhsted Attendants.
Jump No. 6 —
Judge Major Waring,
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 413
Jump No. 7—
Judge Major F. E. Tibbetts.
Judge Capt. De Serrezin (French).
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 8 —
Judge Capt. W. S. Gurley.
Judge Lt. Muggiani.
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 9 —
Judge Vet. Carpentier (Belgian).
Judge Lt. McCreary.
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 10—
Judge Capt. J. J. Waters.
Judge Lt. Bertrain (French).
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 11 —
Judge Major Loupou (Roumanian).
Judge Lt. Col. J. V. Kuznik.
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Jump No. 12—
Judge Major Abbott Boone.
1 Enlisted Runner.
2 Enlisted Attendants.
Finish —
Control Officer Lt. Col. J. E. Shelley.
Judge Capt. Cahusac (French).
Judge Lt. Marteau.
Time Keeper Major Walter Frazier.
Time Keeper Lt. Col. P. D. Carlisle.
Medical Service — ■
Adbulance for the road. ... Lt. Col. W. T. Carstarphen.
414 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Dressing Station, Patte d'Oie. Capt. 0. J. Chaney.
Personnel and equipment to be furnished by
Commanding Officer at Fort de Champigny.
Assignment of officials for 2, 3, and 5 July.
Master of Ceremonies Col. C. E. Hawkins.
Assistant Master of Ceremonies.. . . Lt. Col. T. M. Knox.
Assistant Master of Ceremonies. . . . Major D. C. Cabell.
Timekeeper Major Wheeler-Nicholson.
Timekeeper Capt. Jack Hastie.
Weighing Officer Lt. L. H. Tenney.
Assistant Weighing Officer Lt. W. B. Cobb.
Statistical Officer Lt. Col. D. D. Gregory,
Assistant Statistical Officer Lt. Col. Graham.
Assistant Statistical Officer Capt. A. B. Custis.
Control Officer Capt. W. F. Safford.
Assistant Control Officer Capt. W. S. Gurley.
Medical Officer Capt. 0. J. Chaney.
Maintenance and Repair Lt. Elliott Holt, 2 carpenters, 2
assistant carpenters with tools
At each jump two attendants (with extra material and equipment
for repairs) and one runner for service between judge and statistical
officer.
Chief Judge Genl. Blague-Belair, French.
Judge, Obstacle No. 1 Lt. Jeanne, French.
Judge, Obstacle No. 2 Lt. Bertrand, French.
Judge, Osbtacle No. 3 Lt. Col. Martin-Franklin, Italian.
Judges, Obstacle No. 4 Lt. Col. Jones, Italian.
Major Mullenix, U. S.
Judge, Obstacle No. 5 Comdt. Lancksweert, Belgian.
Judges, Obstacle No. 6 Lt. Col. Nativelle, French.
Capt. Gibert, French.
Judge, Obstacle No. 7 Maj. M. du Chesnoy, Belgian.
Judge, Obstacle No. 8 Comdt. Bonardi, French.
Judges, Obstacle No. 9 Maj. R. Waring, U. S.
Maj. Theodor Radu, Roumanian.
Judges, Obstacle No. 10 Capt. Gallina, Italian.
Maj. L. Zalaiche, Roumanian.
Judge, Obstacle No. 11 Capt. de Monfort, Fref^h.
Judge, Obstacle No. 12 Capt. Challan Belval, French.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
Judges, Obstacle No. 13 Col. McKinlay, U.S.
Gapt. du Passage, French.
Gapt. Marteau, French.
Judges, Obstacle No. 14 Major Kobbe, U.S.
Gapt. Nourrisat, French.
Gapt. d'Este, French.
Judges, Obstacle No. 15 Lt. Col. Carlisle, U.S.
Gapt. de Serrezin, French.
Substitutes .. , Major Boone.
Major Smith.
Major Wallach.
Major Frazier.
Lti, Lucas.
The International Jury of Appeal was as follows:
United States. Maj. Gen. H. T. Allen, U.S.A.
France Gapt. Jolibois.
Italy Col. Alberti.
Belgium Col. Joostens.
Portugal Lt. of Cavalry, Mario da Cunha.
Roumania.... Col. George Comauescu.
Hedjaz Brig. Genl. Noury Said Pacha.
SHOOTING, d'aUVOURS RANGE, LE MANS, JUNE 1919.
Albright, James L. Captain Inf. Range Officer.
Allen, Edward L. 1st Lieut. Inf. Auto Rifle Board.
Atkinson, D. D. 1st Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Austin, J. M. Captain Inf. Range Officer.
Barbee, James S. 2nd Lieut. Inf. Range Officer.
Barnard, D. D. 1st Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Blackwood, Owen M. 2nd Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Blank, Jackson 2nd Lieut. Inf. Pit Detail.
Boucher, Irving 2nd Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Bowen, Leo L. 2nd Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 1, Range Officers
Bower, Addison, 2nd Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Brady, David J. Major Inf. Firing Line.
Brees, Herbert J. Colonel G. S. Chief Range Officer.
Brookshire, Hides C. Captain Inf. Firing Line.
Byerly, Perry E. Captain Inf. Range Officer.
, Garter, GeoTge H. 2nd Lieut. Inf. Range Officer.
Christopher, H. 1st Lieut. Inf. Det. No. 1, Range Officers,
415
416
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Christie, E. W.
Clearman, Vaughn H
Coleman, William P.
Coss, Harry D.
Damen, Howard W.
Darby, G. B.
Davis, Frank,
Dickson, Robert N.
Diggs, Robert L.
Dilley, James M.
Dindot, LeRoy W.
Estes, Arthur J.
Finley, R. W.
Fleming, Joseph L.
Fleming, Thomas J.
Flood, James J.
Fray, Albert N.
Fredendall, L. R.
Fuller, H. E.
Galey, S. D.
Garey, Edward S.
Gates, Curtis,
Geisler, George L.
Gerhardt, Lewis D.
Gibson, L. L. Jr.
Geister, Edward A.
Gillespie, Walter R.
Gillette, Wade G.
Gillfillan, Jay E.
Grigg, Norman D.
Grimes, Herman L.
Haessler, Hugo P.
Hamilton, Jesse P.
Hann, A. P.
Hayward, Armond,
Henoch, Irwin H.
Herrdegan, A. C.
Heraty, Francis J.
Hess, Winefred,
Hohl, L. E.
1st Lieut. Inf,
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Captain Engrs.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Lt. Col. G. S.
Captain Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Captain Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Captain Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Captain M. G.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Lt. Col. G. S.
Range Guard.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Asst. Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Executive Officer.
Range Officer.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers. ,
Adjutant.
Det. No. 1, Range OfTicers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det: No. 2, Range Officers. ,
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Asst. to Executive Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No .2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Auto Rifle Board.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Auto Rifle Board.'
Tov !«/(— Franco versus IT. S., water polo. Top rtfffti— Howard , \j.
player. Center left— Ross, V. S., and Hardwick, Australia, at turn,
versus U. S., water polo. Bottom ZP/<-Sauville U. S., taking the water
of 1500-meter final.
S., tackling French
Center right — France
Bottom right — Start
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
419
Holmes, Richard S.
Hopkins, Russell C.
Huff, Byron R.
Hughes, J.-H.
Hundley, John G.
Hunt, Elmer W.
Hunt, Homer E.
Hunter, Roser L.
Irwin, Stewart F.
Jackson, Wyatt, C.
Johnson, William 0.
Kenyon, Bradford H.
Ketchersid, Wm. C.
Knapp, U. S.
Lane, F. Wade,
Layman, W. G.
Leach, C. G.
Leaks, N. G.
Leidy, Harold B.
Lindgren, G. E.
Longstreet, W. A.
Lord, Samuel,
Lowen, Edwin H.
McAndrews, J. A.
McCaine, Joseph N.
McCarthy, Daniel J.
McClanhan, Phillip P.
McCredie, William Jr.
McNally, Eugene A.
McNary, James E.
Macnab, A. J. Jr.
Markel, Carl J,
Masters, Mark F.
Merritt, James A.
Mohr, Jacob C.
Moore, Guy A.
Moss, C. F.
Motz, Frederick,
Mulvey, Charles D.
Murphy, William J.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Captain Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Major Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Lt. Colonel Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Colonel G. S.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Lt. Col. Ord.
Colonel G. S.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Firing Line.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Auto Rifle Board.
Trans., Mtnence, and Supplies.
Pit Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Auto Rifle Board.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Ordnance Officer, I-A C.
Officer in Charge I-A G.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers,
Det. No. 1, Range Officers,
420
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Noble, Curtis A.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Norton, Paul V.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Oberlin, Harry V.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Oliver, Joseph L.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Olmstead, Loren J.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Owens, Joseph T.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Parmelee, S.D.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Patrick, Clarence R.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Patterson, Arthur L.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Payne, Raymond E.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Pennington, John E.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Peterson, David R.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Pierce, George P.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Pierce, John L.
Captain Inf.
Pinkerton, Wm. W.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Powell, James C.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Powers, H. H.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Prey or, Allen T.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Prillaman, Lafe P.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Price, Robert I.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Pryor, Norman C.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Rees, Garlyle T.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Reeves, Maurice,
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Register, A. J.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Ratzlaff, Fred A.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Richardson, Thom. E
. 2nd Lieut. Inf.
Richerson, Archie E.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Richter, Charles H.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Riopor, H. P.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Righter, John C.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Rinchart, Barton T.
Captain Inf.
Roberts, Gordon H.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Robinson, Carl A.
Captain Inf.
Rose, Oscar C.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Rosenberg, B.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Ruff, George G.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Ruhhn, John G.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Ryan, Cornelius E.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Ryder, Harry A.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
Sarcka, Earl.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Pit Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 1, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Pit Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Det. No. 2, Range Officers.
Range Officer.
Pit Officer.
Range Officer.
Auto Rifle Board.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
421
Schiftors, P. G.
Scholz, Arthur I.
Shoahan, F. E.
Sholton, Robert H.
Shopler, Raymond V.
Sherwood, Myron L.
Simpson, James E.
Sipe, Clinton R.
Smith, Andrew T.
Smith, Charles F.
Smith, Edward W.
Smith, Grant W.
Smith, Titus K.
Spirco, William C.
Stevens, F. G.
Wallace, G. W.
AVoden, David B.
West, John J.
Whitt, Josso E.
Whitney, Burt E.
Whittemore, K. S.
Williams, James B.
Wolfe, Byron A.
Wolf, Fred G.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Captain Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
2nd Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
1st Lieut. Inf.
Det. No. 1, Range
Det. No. 2, Range
Det. No. 2, Range
Range Officer.
Range Officer.
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range
Det. No. 2, Range
Det. No. 2, Range
Det. No. 2, Range
Range Officer.
Det. No 1, Range
Det. No. 1, Range
Range Officer.
Det. No. 2, Range
Pit Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range
Det. No. 1, Range
Const, and repair of
Range Officer.
Det. No. 1, Range
Firing Line.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers,
officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers.
Officers,
targets.
Officers.
422
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
ROSTER OF CONTESTANTS
AUSTRALIA
Name
Rank
No.
Bergmeier, Chas E.
Pvt. 1st CI.
1183
Best, Arthur F.
Capt.
1193
Bridges, Alfred F.
Sgt. Maj.
1214
Carroll, Harold, V.
Driver
1181
Carter, Ernest
Sgt.
1179
Chalmers, Robt. D.
Lt.
1185
Checkett, H. W.
Lt.
1201
Coghill, Gordon
Capt.
1197
Guskey, R. M.
Pvt.
1171
Daniel, V. W.
Sgt.
1167
Davis Lyndhurst
Dexter, Jack
Lt.
80
Disher, Clive
Capt.
Dolton, Leslie A.
Pvt.
1191
Drysdale, G. W.
1196
Evans, Albert
Ptr.
1209
Felton, Alfred
Flick
2131
Flick, B.
Pvt.
1172
Eraser, Thos.
Sgt.
1184
Grose, W. V.
Cpl:
1174
Hallam, Fred. C.
Cpl.
1207
Harding, J. F.
S.Sgt.
1175
Hardwick, Harold H.
Sgt.
78
Healey, M. H.
Sgt.
1166
Hewitt, Thos. S.
Sgt.
1189
Event
Relay medley (4 men)
400 meter run
800 meter run
110 meter hurdles
200 meter hurdles
Catch as catch can-
welterweight.
100 meter dash
200 meter dash
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
100 meter dash
200 meter dash
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
Relay medley (4 men)
800 meter run
1500 meter run
Relay 1600 m. (4 men)
Boxing middleweight
Boxing heavyweight
Tug of war
Tug of war
Rowing
Swimming 100m. fr.
St.; 200 m. br. str.;
800 m. relay (4 men)
Rowing
Cross-country run
Hand-grenade throw
Boxing bantamwgt.
Rowing
Hand grenade throw
Tug of war
800 m. run
Relay 1600 m. (4 men)
Tug of war
Boxing featherweight
Tug of war
Swim'g. 400 m. fr.st.;
800m.fr. St.; 1500m.
fr. St. ; 800 m. relay
(4 men)
Tug of war
Cross-country run
Modified Marathon
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
Hibbard, Colin S. Pvt.
423
House, Frederick
Hume, Leshe J.
Lt.
Driver
1195
1180
Johnson, Wm.
Pvt.
845
Kelaher, G. J.
Longworth, William
Lt.
Lt.
1165
76
Lycett, Randolp
Romb.
2001
Manley, Clifford
Sgt.
1188
Masters, G.
McGill, A.
McGill, Thomas
Meeske, WiUiam
Cpl.
Driver
Lt.
Sgt.
1176
1173
1211
Mettam, George
Morris, G. W.
Gunner
Staff Sgt.
79
Newall, Harold
Palmer, J. R.
Lt.
Spr.
1213
Parsons, G. E.
Patterson, Gerald L.
Driver
Lt.
1177
2003
Pettybridge, John W.
Robb, A.
Scott, Arthur
Shumack, E.
Smedley, Albert
Smith, G.
Solomons, Lewis ■
Spr.
Sgt.
Gunner
L.Cpl.
Sgt.
Pvt.
Driver
1199
1168
1170
77
Sorrell, T. R.
Soutar, Thos. W.
Romb.
L.Cpl.
1169
1187
Running high jump
Running broad jump
Rowing
100 meter run
200 meter run
400 meter run
Relay 1600 meters
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
Relay medley
400 Meter run
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
Relay 1600 m. (4 men)
Tug of war
Swim'g. 400 m. fr. st.
800 m. fr. st.
800m. relay (4 men)
Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Cross-country run
1500 meter run
Relay medley (4 men)
Tug of war
Tug of war
Rowing
Wrestling catch -as -
catch-can ; light
heavyweight
Rowing
800 m. free style
1500 meters free style
rowing
Wrestling catch -as -
catch-can welterwgt
Tug of war
Tennis Singles
Tennis Doubles
Tennis Team
Roxing light heavy
Rowing
Rowing
Tug of war
Rowing
Rowing
Swimming 1 00m . f r .st .
800m. relay
Tug of war
1500 meter run
4-24 THE INTER-ALLIED
GAMES — 1919
Spencer, Lionel R. V.
Lt.
1192 110 meter hurdles
200 meter hurdles
Springfield, Sydney
Driver
82 Swim'g. 1500m.fr. St.
Stedman, Ivan C.
Bomb.
75 Swim'g. 100m.fr. St.;
400m.fr. St.; 800 m.
relay (4 men)
Taylor, Albert Wm.
Sgt.
1215 Wrestling catch-as-
catch-can lightwgt
Thomas, Ronald V.
Stall Sgt.
2004 Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Watson, Thos C.
Spr.
1204 Boxing lightweight
Wood, Pat O'Hara
Capt.
2002 Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Woolfitt, P. G.
Cpl.
1178 Tug of war
Young, Charles P.
Spr.
1203 Boxing welterweight
BELGIUM
Name
Rank
No. Event
Adriaenssens, Conrad
1st Sgt.
1 Shooting, rifle, pistol
Anspach, Paul
Auditeur
1086 Fencing, ind. epee
Fencing team epee
Fencing team foils
Balyu, Felix
N. C. 0.
1149 Football soccer
Berckmans, Charles
Capt.
2 Shooting rifle
Beylemans,
Pvt.
Rowing
Bogaert, Leon
Pvt.
1278 1500 meter run
Boin, Victor
Lt.
68 Water polo
Boon, Auguste
Cpl.
1262 200 m. dash
Relay 800 m.
Relay 800m. A. of Oc.
Bresseleers
1266 400 meter run
Broos, Auguste
Cpl.
1103 Cross-country run
Modified Marathon
Bultuyck
Tug of war
(^alle, Pierre
Major
1079 Fencing team sabers
Casiers
Tug of war
Cerna, Ferdinand
Lt.
2265 Horse riding prize
Chaltin
Cill
Lt.
jumping, ind.
Rowing
Tug of war
Claeys, Theophile
Pvt.
1297 Javelin
Shot put, 16 lbs.
Claus, Silvain
Capt.
Shooting, pistol
Top leftSt^vt in finals of 200-meter breast stroke. Top H^M-Finlsh SOO^met^r
stroke; Biersack, TJ. S., and Sommer, France, winner. Bottom-U. H. L. Berger.
making exhibition dive from tree.
breast
U. S.,
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
427
Cludts, Joseph
Coelst, Leon
Cornells, Seraphln
Cuppens, Joseph
Darien, Felix
De Brabandere,
Sgt.
Pvt.
Pvt.
Lt.
Gapt.
Lt.
De Brucq, Jules Pvt.
De Gaiffier de Hestroy,H. Lt.
Deladrier, Clovls N. C. 0.
Delahaye, Alphonse Cpl.
Delarge, Frederic Lt.
Delarge, Jean Lt.
Delmas, Frangois Cpl.
De Longuevllle, Robt. D.
Deman, Frangois Cpl.
Deman, George Corp.
Demart, Emile Maj.
Demol, Joseph N. C. 0.
Demulder, Sgt.
Den Tweck
D'Oultremont, Herman Maj.
De Pauw
Desaever, Pvt.
De Strooper, Emile N. C. 0.
Deswert, Edward
Pvt.
1284
Devaux, Albert
Pvt.
1276
De Vise
Pvt.
Dewin, Pierre
Cpl.
70
Dirick
69 100 meters free style
400 meters free style
Water polo
1248 Greco-Roman heavy
weight
3 Shooting rifle
1146 Football soccer
1092 Fencing, ind. sabers
2262 Horse riding mil. com.
Horse riding pairs
6 Shooting rifle
2261 Horseridingmil.com.
Horse riding prize
jumping, ind.
1078 Fencing foils
Fencing team foils
71 Swim'g. 400 m. fr. st.
200 m. breast stroke
1296 Javelin
1272 800 m. run
Relay 800m. A. of Oc. .
4 Shooting rifle
1085 Fencing, ind. epee
74 Water polo
1142 Football soccer
3 Shooting pistol
5 Shooting rifle
1144 Football soccer
Rowing
Tug of war
2263 Horse riding mil com.
Horse riding pairs
Horse riding prize
jumping, ind.
1286 110 meter hurdles
Rowing
1093 Fencing foils
Fencing sabers
Fencing epee
Fencing sabers team
Fencing epee team
110 meter hurdles
1500 meter run
Rowing
Swim'g. 100m.fr. St.
100 m. back stroke
Water polo
1256 Boxing featherweight
428
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Dumont, Joseph
Durand, Albert
Dussausoit, Frangois
Everaerts, Edmond
Feyerick, Robert
Fierens, Aguste
Fischlin, Roger
Fleurix, Georges
Frings, Jean
Garray, Joseph
Gavroy, Lucien
Gevers, Ernest
Gheude, Paul
Gianora, Georges
Gillens, Vincent
Godding, Hemi
Haller, Jacques
Hanse, Emile
Hegimans,
Henrard, Louis
Henry, G.
Holsbeeke, Jules
Janssens,
Janssens, Charles
Joux,
Laame, Henri
Laconte, Oscar
Lalemand,
Lambrecht
Lammens, Albert
Lannoo,
Lefebvre, Jean B.
Lenoir
Leroy, Nicolas
Pvt.
1249 Boxing light heavy wgt
65 Water polo
Pvt.
1239 Boxing welterweight
Sgt. Maj.
84 Swim'g. 200m. br. st.
1500 m. free style
Lt.
1084 Fencing, ind. sabers
Fencing ind. epee
Fencing team sabers
Fencing team epee
N. G. 0.
1135 Football soccer
N. G. 0.
1132 Football soccer
Pvt.
67 Swim'g. 800m. fr. st.
1500 m. free style
Gapt.
7 Shooting rifle
Pvt.
1255 Boxing lightweight
Pvt.
1285 Running high jump
Running broad jump
S.Lt.
1087 Fencing, ind. epee
Fencing, team epee
Lt.
4 Shooting, pistol
1st Sgt. Maj.
8 Shooting rifle
N. G. 0.
1090 Fencing, ind. foils
Fencing, ind. sabers
Fencing team sabers
Pvt.
1104 Gross-country run
Rowing
N. C. 0.
1136 Football soccer
Bgdr.
Rowing
Lt.
1294 Running broad jump
Run'gbr. jp. A. of Oc.
85 Swim'g. 1500m. fr. st.
Pvt.
1274 Modified Marathon
Pvt.
Rowing
Sgt.
10 Shooting, pistol
Lt.
Rowing
Lt.
2268 Horse riding prize
jumping ind.
Major
6 Shooting pistol
Pvt.
Rowing
Tug of war
Sgt.
2005 Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Sgt.
Rowing
Pvt.
1260 Javehn
Boxing heavyweight
Gapt.
2272 Horse riding prize
jumping ind.
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
429
Leyssens, Jean
Pvt.
1277
Mandeville, Hector
Martou, Firmin
Pvt.
Pvt.
9
1264
Masure, Eduard
Masuy, Oscar
Meysmans, Henri
Pvt.
Comdt.
Lt.
10
5
11
1293
Michause, Clement
Michel, G.
Michel, Jules P.
Montigny, Orphile
1st Sgt.
N. C. 0.
Lt.
12
1141
1138
1077
Morel de Westgaver
Capt.
2267
Nauvelaerts,
Neckx, Paul
Nichalaos
Noujeau, Francois
Nuytens,
Ochs, Jacques
Cpl.
Pvt.
Pvt.
Cpl.
S.Lt.
13
86
14
1082
Pain, Arthur
Pire, Germain
Pirlot
Piro, Jules
Pvt.
Maj.
Adj.
1245
15
1150
11
16
1095
Piron, Oscar
N.C. 0.
Pirotte, Hubert
N. C. 0.
1081
Presselers
Requile, Mathieu
Reyman
Rigouts, Henri
Roelens, Hector
Saens, Maurice
Lt.
N. C. 0.
Pvt.
N. C. 0.
2280
7
1295
17
1267
Savonet
Schaekers, Jules
Schaepherders, Charles
Schmits, Pierre
Pvt.
Cpl.
Major
1263
1098
18
19
8
Schuller, Louis
Servaes
Pvt.
1244
1500 meter run
Relay medley (4 men)
Shooting rifle
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
A. Of Oc.
Shooting rifle
Shooting pistol
Shooting rifle
Running broad jump
Running broad jump
A. of Oc.
Shooting rifle
Football soccer
Football soccer
Fencing ind. foils
Fencing team foils
Horse riding prize
jumping ind.
Shooting rifle
Swim'g 200 m. br. st.
Tug of war
Shooting rifle
Rowing
Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
Boxing bantamwt
Shooting rifle
Football soccer
Shooting pistol
Shooting rifle
Fencing ind. sabers
Fencing team sabers
Fencing ind. foils
Fencing team foils
200 meter dash
Shooting pistol
Tug of war
Pole vault
Shooting rifle
400 meter run
Medley relay (4 men)
Boxing welterweight
Hand-grenade throw
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
Shooting pistol
Boxing featherweight
Tug of war
430
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Smet, Victor
N. C. 0.
1268 100 m. dash; 400 m.
run; 200 m. hurdles;
relay 800 m . (4 men) ,
relay medley (4 men)
Steffens, Fernand
Sgt.
66 Water polo
Suain, Andre
N. C. 0.
1237 Boxing middleweight
Tabary,
Sgt.
Rowing
Taymans,
Sgt.
Rowing
Tom, Leon
N. C. 0.
1094 Fencing sabers
Fencing epee
Fencing team epee
Van Antherpen, Louis
Pvt.
1251 Boxing middle weight
Vandeille
Tug of war
Vandenborn
Tug of war
Vanden Bossche, Armand
Sgt.
20 Shooting rifle
Vanden Bossche, Albinus
Pvt.
21 Shooting rifle
Van de Velde, Jacques
Pvt.
1137 Football soccer
Van De Wiele, Gustave
Lt.
1080 Fencing ind. foils
Fencing team foils
Van Den Eynde, Ghas.
Pvt.
1235 Boxing light heavy
Van Der Cloot
1143 Football soccer
Van Der Gracht
1145 Football soccer
Van de Wale, Mathieu
Gpl.
25 Shooting rifle
Van Der Straeten, Aug.
Pvt.
1148 Football soccer
Van Dyck, Henri
Corp.
1271 800 m. run
Relay 800 m. (4 men
Relay medley (4 men
Van Eecke
Tug of war
Van Goethern
Pvt.
22 Shooting rifle
Van Hoey, Alphonse
Pvt.
1280 Modified Marathon
Van Otegem, Georges
Lt.
9 Shooting pistol
Van Velsenaere,
Capt.
2270 Horseridingmil.com.
Horse riding prize
jumping, ind.
Verbeeck, Oscar
N. C. 0.
1133 Football soccer
Vercamer, Georges
Pvt.
24 Shooting rifle
Verlinden, Jules
Sgt.
23 Shooting rifle
Verpoorter
1097 Hand-grenade throw
Verstraeten, Louis
Corp.
1147 Football soccer
Vierhaeghen
N. C. 0.
1102 Cross-country run
Vignol, Rene
Pvt.
1273 800 meter run
Vincent, Alphonse
Pvt.
1257 100 meter dash
Vlaeminch, Honore
Pvt.
1300 Discus
Vlaminck, Honore
Pvt.
1140 Football soccer
Washer, Jean
Lt.
2006 Tennis singles.
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Wertz, Fernand
Corp.
1139 Football soccer
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
431
Wouters, Victor
Wuyts, Julien
Wynant, Jean
Zoonens, Auguste
Zwartebroeck
Name
Begg, J. A.
Bare, C. M.
Jackson, A. H.
Morgan, Lewis
Penny, G. M.
S.Lt.
Pvt.
Pvt.
Pvt.
1258 100 meter run
200 meter run
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
73 Swim'g 100 m. fr. st.
1101 Hand-grenade throw
1241 Boxing lightweight
1134 Football soccer
BRITISH ARMY OF THE RHINE
Rank No.
Gunner
Lt.
Gapt.
Lt.
Sgt.
Name
Allan, A.
Arnold, G. W.
Attwood, Joe
Balfour, John
Barker, Fred A.
Bayley, W. H.
Beaton, James
Beggs, Wm. E.
Blades, Logan H.
Blake, J.
Brewster, D. W.
Carmel, Larry
Garruthers, Keith L.
Chalmers, Norman H.
Clarke, R.
Clarke, R.
Clayton, Ralph, E.
Cole, James
Daly, Maurice
Dawson, N. A.
Dewhurst, Whitney
Disney, C. P.
Duncan, S.
Dyke, T. S.
Edis, John F.
Fleming, C. S. M.
Forsyth, Wm. A.
CANADA
Rank
C. S. M.
Gnr.
Sgt.
Lt.
Sgt.
Maj.
Arm. Q.
Pvt.
Gnr.
Gnr.
Sgt.
Pvt.
Lt.
Sgt.
Sgt.
Gnr.
Sgt.
Pvt.
Gapt.
Pvt.
Gapt.
Cpl.
Gapt.
Gapt.
Lt.
Sapper
No.
Event
Rowing
Rowing
Rowing
Rowing
Rowing
Event
697 Football soccer
676 Boxing heavyweight
679 Boxing welterweight
50 Shooting rifle
Baseball
696 Football soccer
M. S. 51 Shooting, rifle
714 Running broad jump
721 Running broad jump
Pentathlon
692 Tug of war
698 Football soccer
2307 Baseball
723 110 meter hurdles
2299 Baseball
729 Handerrenade throw
694 Tug of war
Baseball
682 Boxing featherweight
Baseball
Rowing
2300 Baseball
Rowing
699 Football soccer
Rowing
Baseball
Rowing
725 Discus
432
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Francis, Edward D. T.
Lieut.
52 Shooting rifle
Fraser, Harry
Pvt.
53 Shooting rifle
Fripps, T. W.
Gnr.
687 Tug of war
Garrard, P. C.
Lt.
46 Swim'g. 100m.fr. st.;
800 m. relay. (4 men)
Gilliborn, W.
Sgt.
Rowing
Gilpatrick, Paul E.
Pvt.
2304 Baseball
Goodhouse, Fred J.
C. S. M.
54 Shooting rifle
Gough, S.
C. M. S.
700 Football soccer
Gunn, A. S.
Lt.
684 Tug of war
Haliburton, LeRoy L.
C. Q. M. S.
715 100 meter dash
200 meter dash
400 meter run
relay 800m. (4 men)
Running broad jump
Harris, Edwin A.
Spr.
678 Boxing middleweight
Harrowing, Sidney E.
Sgt.
716 200 meter dash
Harvey, T. R.
Cpl.
Rowing
Hay, John
Sgt.
55 Shooting rifle
Herscovitch, M. H.
Gnr.
680 Boxing light heavywt
Hitchen, C.
Sgt.
701 Football soccer .
Home, S. F.
Sgt.
702 Football soccer
Howard, J. A.
Pvt.
726 100 meter dash
200 m. dash
Relay. 800m. (4 men)
Hurd, Ernest,
Pvt.
Baseball
Hutchinson, C. G.
Sgt.
703 Football soccer
Hutchinson, Roger G.
Major
56 Shooting rifle
Johnson, A. P.
Pvt.
727 Handg-renade throw
Javelin
Relay 800m.. (4 men)
Johnson, Frederick G.
Captain
57 Shooting rifle
Kaufman, Edwin J.
Captain
58 Shooting rifle, pistol
Keeper, J. B.
Cp.
720 Cross-country run. . ,
Modified Marathon
Klaehu, Alfred
Pvt.
2302 Baseball
Kyle, T.
C. Q. M.S.
704 Football soccer
La Pierre, H. E.
Pvt.
722 Cross-country run
1500 meter run .
Latimer, R. C.
Pvt.
2303 Baseball
Machan, G. W.
Lt.
Rowing
Marr
Sgt.
713 Football soccer
Martin, Fred R.
Captain
59 Shooting rifle
Martin, H.
Sgt.
681 Boxing lightweight ,
Mason, C. R.
Sgt.
693 Tug of war
Massey, J. H.
Sgt.
730 Cross-country run
Modified Marathon
Mayes, H. G.
Lt. Col.
2029 Tennis singles
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
435
Mayson, B.
Sgt.
707
Mc Cuaig, J. C.
Major
McGee, S. J.
Cpl.
705
McGrath, Patrick S.
Pvt.
683
Mclnnes, Dugald
Sgt.
60
McLean, A.
Gnr.
686
McKay,
Cpl.
706
Morris, William 0.
Maj.
61
Mortimer, George
Maj.
62
Muir, G. S.
Lt.
718
Newman, Nathaniel
Col. Sgt.
63
Newsam, A. R.
Capt.
45
Norman, E. E.
Lt.
Odgers, Richard B.
Sgt.
2296
O'Neill-Daunt, Reginald
Cpl.
64
Payne, Ethelrod G.
Pvt.
65
Peckham, Earl S.
Pvt.
2291
Perkins, H.
Sgt.
47
Phillips, C. T.
Gnr.
689
Poynton, A, S.
Capt.
Prest, R. H.
Col.
691
Rae, William
Lt. Col.
66
Richards, J. W.
Pvt.
708
Richardson, Fred
Maj.
67
Rix, M. H.
Lt.
Robinson, Clarence W.
C. F.
Robinson, F.
Gnr.
690
Robinson, W. F.
Pvt.
695
Sanderson, G.
Sgt.
48
Sheppard, Victor C.
Cpl.
Simmonds, William R,
Pvt.
68
Smith, Frank S.
C. F.
Spalding, Frank
Lt.
69
Spalding, Victor
Lt.
70
Spouncer, W. A.
Pvt.
709
Spraggs, A. D.
Lt.
St6ckwell, John R.
Pvt.
71
Sutherland, D. M.
Lt.
724
Swatton, G.
B. M. S.
685
Tate, Ernest R.
Pvt.
2294
Taylor, G.
Gnr.
710
Thompson, Alexander T.
Cpl.
2309
Thompson, D.
Pvt.
711
Football soccer
Rowing
Football soccer
Boxing bantam
Shooting, rifle
Tug of war
Football soccer
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
1500 meter run
Shooting rifle
Swim'g. 100m.fr. St.;
800 m. relay
Rowing
Baseball
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
Baseball
Swim'g. 400m.fr. St.;
800 meter relay
Tug of war
Rowing
Tug of war
Shooting rifle
Football soccer
Shooting rifle
Rowing
Baseball
Tug of war
Tug of war
Swim'g. 100m.fr. St.;
100m. bk. stroke ;
800 m. relay (4 men)
Baseball
Shooting rifle
Baseball
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
Football soccer
Rowing
Shooting rifle
Discus
Shot put, 16 lbs.
Tug of war
Baseball
Football soccer
Baseball
Football soccer
436
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Vincent, Joseph H. Lt.
Whittier, A. R. Lt.
Wilken, Alan Gillies Maj.
Willis, T. Sgt.
Wright, William R. Pvt.
Yule, G. Gnr.
Zoellin, F. J. Pvt.
72 Shooting rifle
Rowing
719 110 meter hurdles
712 Football soccer
Baseball
688 Tug of war
728 100 meter dash
110 m. hurdles
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
CZECHO-SLOVAKIA
Name
Rank
No. Event
Balej, Jan
Pvt.
304 Wrestling Greco-Ro
man welterweight
Beranek, Joseph
Corp.
301 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man featherweight
Burianek, Frank
Pvt.
2007 Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Cerveny, Jaroslav
Pvt.
319 Soccer team
Gipera, Joseph
Lt.
336 Fencing epee
Fencing sabers
Fencing sabers team
Dostal, Joseph
Corp.
305 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man light heavywt
Fivebr, Antonin
Pvt,
315 Soccer team
Fristensky, Frant.
Pvt.
302 Wrestling catch-as-
catch-can middlewt,
Fristensky, Gustav
Pvt.
307 WresUing Greco-Ro-
man heavyweight
Gruss, Joseph
Capt.
326 Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
Soccer
Halik, Karel
Pvt.
303 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man welterweight
Hejda, Jan
Rowing
Hojer, Antonin
Pvt.
312 Soccer team
Hungman, Joseph
Rowing
Janda, Antonin
Lt.
538 Soccer football
Javurek, Joseph
Capt.
329 Fencing epee
Fencing team epee
Fencing sabers
Fencing team sabers
Fencing foils
Klapka, Rudolph
Pvt.
309 Soccer team
Klika, Milos
Lt.
327 Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
437
Kopriva, Frant.
Sgt. Maj.
306
Kozeluh, Josef
Pvt.
2008
Kozeluh, Karel
Pvt.
2009
Kroupa, Florian
Lt.
328
Loos, Leontin
Lt.
314
Madden, John
2380
My slick, Jaroslav
Lt.
522
Oplt, Jaroslav
Parusek, Vaclav
Pesek, Karel
Cpl.
316
Petr, Jiri
Peyr, Frantisek
Cpl.
310
Pfeifl'er, Joseph
Pvt.
333
Pilat, Vaclav
Pvt.
Pospisil, Miroslav
Sgt.
Prosek, Vaclav
Lt.
Raca, Antonin
Lt.
Romovacek, Jiri
Romovacek, Vaclav
Sedlacek, Joseph
Pvt.
Steiner, Karel
Pvt.
Stilip, Dominik
Subrt, Vaclav
Pvt.
Svorik, Otokar
Lt.
Vanik, Jan
Pvt.
Vlk, Karel
Pvt.
Wihan, Jiri
Zeman, Jaromir
Pvt.
Zemla, Ladislav
Lt.
321
311
324
535
323
313
320
335
322
318
2021
2010
Fencing foils
Fencing sabers team
Wrestling Greco -Ro-
man light heavywt
Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
Fencing foils
Fencing sabers team
Soccer team
Soccer team
Soccer team
Rowing
Rowing
Soccer team
Rowing
Soccer team
Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
Fencing sabers
Fencing sabers team
Fencing foils
Soccer team
Soccer team
Soccer team
Soccer team
Rowing
Rowing
Soccer team
Soccer team
Rowing
Soccer team
Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
Fencing sabers
Fencing sabers team
Soccer team
Soccer team
Rowing
Tennis singles
Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
438
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
ENGLANE
Name
Rank
No. Event
Atkin, G. F.
Sapper
352 800 meter run
Medley relay 4 men
Boomer, Aubrey
Golf
Boomer, Parcy
Golf
Boret, Herbert
Rowing
Buston, Clarence
Rowing
Buxton, Maurice
Rowing
Calhoun, A. L.
Sgt.
772 Shot put, 16 lbs.
Campbell, John
Rowing
Dixon, Arthur
Rowing
Farrell, J. A.
Maj.
1220 100 meter dash
Francombe, W.
2nd Lt.
1223 Medley relay (4 men)
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
A. of Oc.
Run'gbr'dj'pA.ofOc.
Fulford, Harry
Golf
Hall, B. W.
Lt.
1224 Running high jump
Run'gbr'dj'pA.ofOc.
Hartley, Hubert
Rowing
Johnstone, Robin
Rowing
LaFolIy J.
Golf
Marks, W. W.
Golf
Martin-Smith, 0.
Golf
Morton,
Bomb.
1226 Relay medley (4 men)
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
A. of Oc.
Peake, Harold
Rowing
Phillips
2363 Modified Marathon
Puddicombe, W. A.
Lt. 1
1217 100 m. dash
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
A. ofOc.
Swan, Alfred
Rowing
Tingey, A.
Golf
Tittle, J. M.
Capt.
1221 400 m. run ; medley
relay (4 men); relay
800m.(4men)A.ofOc.
Warren
Golf
Weatherby, A.
FRANCE
Golf
Name
Rank
No. Event
Aguillaume, Stephano
Corp.
673 Basketball
Allain, Auguste
Pvt.
150 Shooting pistol
Ancel
Adj.
542 Fencing sabers
Fencing sabers team
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
439
Andre
Andrieux
S. Lt.
Angelini, Charles
Com't (demob.'
) 150
Arguel, Pierre
Sgt.
151
Arnaud H.
Sgt.
1406
Aube, Francis
Sgt.
670
Azimard
Pvt.
1381
Bachet, Georges
Sgt.
151
Bagay
Sgt.
666
Bainconneau, Theodore
394
Barbarelle
Cpl.
Barrelet
Lt.
Beaupere, Maurice
Sgt.
152
Bechard, Frangois
Maitre Pointeur 400
Bernard, A.
Beiwech, S.
36
Belliomet, Gaston
Pvt.
2365
Besset, Pierre
2nd Lt.
152
Boitout, Emile
(demob.)
153
Bonnet, A.
17
Borde, Frangois
Pvt
412
Bouchenoire, Rene
Pvt.
154
Boudiac, M.
Bouquet, Jules
Pvt.
390
Bourgeois, Georges
Asp.
1461
Bourgeois, Raphael
2nd Lt.
170
Bouton,
Sgt.
Buchon,
1416
Burtin, Armand
Pvt.
1407
Campagne, Fernand
370
Caste
Lt.
1395
Cassayet, Aime
Pvt.
408
Cauvin,
S. Lt.
1453
Gavallo, Marius
Cayrefourc, Edmond
Pvt.
415
Chauvet, Jean
Sgt.
671
Chayrigues, Pierre
Pvt.
443
Chevalier, Salvador
402
Chilo
1363 Pentathlon
200 meter hurdles
570 Fencing foils
Fencing foils team
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
1500 meter run
Basketball
Tug of war
Shooting pistol
Basketball
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man wlterwgt
Rowing
Rowing
Shooting rifle
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man- heavyweight
Golf
Swim'g 1500m.fr. St.
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man*bantamweight
Shooting pistol
Shooting rifle
SwimmingSOOm.relay
Rugby team
Shooting rifle
Golf
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man featherweight
Hand-grenade throw
Shooting pistol
Rowing
200 m. hurdles
800 m. run
Boxing light hvywt.
Relay (4 men) 800 m.
Rugby team
Javelin
Golf
Rugby team
Basketball
Soccer team
Wrestling catch -as -
catch-can heavywt
1412 Running broad jump
Hop step and jump
440
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Chocat
Chretien, P.
Pvt.
Cirard, Rene
Pvt.
Clugnet
Collin, Maxime
Sgt.
Combarieu,
Lt.
Cordier
Sgt
Cornereau, Gaston
Sgt.
Costa, Antoine
Capt.
Cottrelle, Robert
2nd Lt
Coulhon, Gabriel
Asp.
Courbatat, Marcel
Cpl.
Crabos, Rene
Pvt.
Dandelot, Georges
Lt.
De Castelbajac
Capt.
Decoin, H.
De Cernowitz, Rene
Capt.
Decugis, Max
Lt.
Delaby, Marius
Lt.
Delerce
Lt.
Delias, Alban A.
Sgt.
De Louissardiere, August.
Capit.
Delvart, Henri
Sgt.
Delvart, Maurice
Gunr,
De Mezamat de Lisle, Capt.
Count Leonard
De Ponthieu, Louis
De Rivoyre, Frangois Lt.
Des Montis, Jacques Capt.
De Soras, Joseph Major
De St. Germain Capt.
De Varine, Bohan P. Capt.
Devaux, Andre Adj.
Devicq Sgt.
Devincq, Emelion
153
34
1397
467
543
558
358
154
2586
1390
414
1446
155
3
156
2011
1411
557
1413
361
2600
1402
363
Shooting pistol
Swim'g.SOOm. fr. St.;
1500m. fr. st.
100 m. dash
200 m. dash
Relay (4 men) 800 m.
Relay (4 men) 800 m.
(Army of Oc.)
Soccer team
Fencing saber team
Rowing
Rowing
Fencing epee team
Riding prize j unpin g
pairs ; mil. com.
Shooting pistol
Running broad jump
(Army of Oc.)
Cross-country run
Rugby team
Medley relay
Shooting pistol
Water polo
Shooting pistol
Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Tennis team
110 meter hurdles
Fencing epee
Hop step and jump
Riding prize jumping
1500 m. run
Relay (4 men) 1600 m.
400 m. run
Riding prize jumping
382 Boxing featherwt.
354 Riding mil. comp.
360 Riding prize jumping
353 Reding mil. com.
544 Fencing epee
Fencing sabers team
157 Shooting pistol
1401 Relay (4 men) 1600 m.
400 meter run
468 Soccer team
454 Soccer team
Brugnon & M&nset, French Doubles Team. Gobert & Decugis, French Doublet Team.
Wood & Lycett, Australian Doubles Team. Washburn & Mathey, American Doubles Team.
Kozeluh Bros., Czecho-SIovakian Doubles Team. Mishu & Eremie, Roumanian Doubles Team.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
443
Deydier, Paul
Pvt.
Dillenseger
Capt.
Djebellia
Douchet
Sgt.
Dubly, Raymond
Pvt.
Dujardin
Dumont, Raoul
Cpl.
Dupuis, Paul
Capt.
Durand, Raymond
Cpl.
Durocher,
Duvanel, P.
Elichondo, Pierre
Capt.
Eymeunier
Pvt.
Fangause
Felice
Lt.
Ferrey, Henri
Fitte, Ernest
Sgt.
Fouthoux, Pierre
Pvt.
FrancqueHe
Lt.
Fray, Andri
Lt.
Fray, Leon
Demob,
Gaillard
Lt.
Gajan
Adj.
Ga lay, Paul
Pvt.
Gamblin, Lucien
Lt.
Gandon, Henri
Demob,
Gardere
Adj.
Gamier
Sgt.
Garotin, Alexandre
Sgt.
Gassiat, Jean
Gastiger, Maurice
Sgt.
Gastiger, Pierre
Cpl.
GauUier
Pvt.
Gauthier,
Lt.
Gauthier
Lt.
Genet
Pvt,
Gentil, Pierre
Demob
Giran
Sgt.
Girard
Girard, Pierre
Lt.
Gobert, Andre H.
Lt.
462 Soccer team
406 Rugby team
2143 Marathon
472 Soccer team
453 Soccer team
6 Water polo team
Swim'g 100 m. bk.st.
1403 Relay (4 men) 1600 m.
400 m. run
155 Shooting rifle
156 Shooting rifle
385 Boxing bantam
31 Swim'g. 400 m. fr. St.
800m.fr. St.
418 Rugby team
1382 Tug of war
1370 Tug of war
1452 Running broad jump
Army of Oc.
379 Boxing lightwgt.
1428 Running broad jump
425 Rugby team
1437 Pole vault
157 Shooting rifle
158 Shooting rifle
1365 Pentathlon
1438 Pole vault
410 Rugby team
444 Soccer team
158 Shooting pistol
563 Fencing epee
Rowing
160 Shooting rifle
Golf
459 Soccer team
460 Soccer team
1380 Tug of war
1394 Relay 800 m. {4 men)
200 m. dash
566 Fencing foils
Fencing foils team
1369 Tug of war
159 Shooting rifle
Rowing
1412 110 meter hurdles
Pole vault
159 Shooting pistol
2012 Tennis singles
444
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Golias, Gustave
Golias, Rene
Gommier, M.
Graveline, Maurice
Pvt.
446
Gregoire, John A.
Adj.
1429
Guizien, Louis
Lt.
18
Hallard, R.
64
Hamoy, Henri
Sgt.
1454
Hardy, Pierre
Demob.
161
Heilbuth
1444
Hermant, G.
27
Huet, Danton
1389
Huet, Gaston
Sgt.
1391
Houdet
Pvt.
1374
Hubert
Adj.
545
Hugues, Frangois A.
Sgt.
447
Huguet, Victor
568
Jacob
Pvt.
1367
Jaureguy, Adolphe
Pvt.
413
Johnson, Leon
Demob.
162
Jouault
15
Joudiou
392
Journee, Paul
368
Labansat
Lt.
1398
Labat, Andre
Sgt.
1432
Lafitte, M.
La Flerere
Lt.
1431
Lajoie, Jean
Lt.
163
Lakary, Hamed
Corp.
1448
Lameraud
23
Landeau
Demob.
161
Langenove, Eugene
Pvt.
464
Lannaud
469
Larregain, Paul L. M.
Lt.
355
Lasserre, Rene F.
Sgt.
419
Laubertrand, Rene
Pvt.
1400
Laurent
Sgt.
1368
Laurent, E. H.
Sgt.
556
Leclerc
Lt.
471
Lecostere
Pvt.
1375
Golf
Golf
Golf
Soccer team
Running broad jump
Shooting pistol
Swim'g. 200 m. br. st.
Javelin
Shooting rifle
800 meter run
Swim'g. 200m.br. St.
Modified Marathon
Gross-country run
Tug of war
Fencing saber team
Soccer team
Fencing epee
Fencing foils team
Tug of war
Rugby team
Shooting, rifle
Water polo team
Wrestling catch -as -
catch-can lightwgt
Boxing heavy wgt.
Relay (4 men) 800 m.
(Army of Oc.)
Running high jump
Golf
Running broad jump
Shooting, rifle
1500 m. run
Medley relay
Swim'g 100m. bk. st.
Shooting pistol
Soccer team
Soccer team
Riding mil. comp.
prize jumping pairs
Rugby team
Relay (4 men) 1600 m.
Relay (4 men) 800 m.
(Army of Oc.)
Tug of war
Fencing epee
Fencing epee team
Soccer team
Tug of war
PERSHING STADIUM
— PARIS 445
Lehu, P.
14 Water Polo team
Swim'g 100 m. bk.st.
Lesur, Henri
Pvt.
449
Soccer team
Lewden, Pierre
Gpl.
1433
Running high jump
L'Hermitte, Rene
Sgt.
457
Soccer team
L'Hostis, Jean
Lt.
164
Shooting, rifle
Lippmann
560
Fencing epee team
Lise
Pvt.
1373
Tug of war
Loth, M.
Golf
Mahieu, Jules
Gapt.
165
Shooting, rifle
Manco, Louis
Pvt.
420
Rugby team
Mansett, Georges
Lt.
2026
Tennis singles
Tennis doubles
Massy, Arnaud
Golf
Mathey, Risene
Pvt.
1434
Running high jump
Mayaud, G.
10
Swim' g. 800m. relay
Swim' g. 400m. fr.st.
Mazuc, Fernand A.
Demob.
162
Shooting, pistol
Meister
22 Water polo team
Meniot, Oscar
Lt.
166
Shooting, rifle
Messerschmitt, Raome
Sgt.
1458
Shot put
Meunier
1410
110 m. hurdles
Michel, Geo.
33
Swim'g 1500m. fr. st.
Miramont, Rene
1464
Hand-grenade throw
Modot, Joseph
Capt.
163
Shooting pistol
Mondielli, Jean
Gapt.
546
Fencing sabers
Fencing sabers team
Moreau
559
Fencing epee team
Moreau
Pvt.
1424
Standing broad jump
Moreaux, Leon
Gom't.
164
Shooting, pistol
Nicolas, Paul G. M.
Pvt.
451
Soccer team
Nicolai, Jean
Lt.
404
Rugby team
Nivet, L.
8
Swim'g 800m. fr. st.
Paoli
1377
Tug of war
Paoh
1456
Discus
Shot put
Pecchia, Joseph
Sgt.
165
Shooting pistol
Parot, Jean
Corp.
1459
Discus
Pelle, Henri
Lt.
167
Shooting rifle
Pernod, M.
4 Water polo team
Swim'g 800m. relay
Swim'g 100m. fr. st.
Percy, Louis
Demob.
168
Shooting rifle
Perodon
Capt.
547
Fencing sabers
Fencing sabers team
Peronnin, Henri
561
Fencing epee team
Perreau, Georges
Sgt.
166
Shooting pistol
Pinet, Lucien
Adj.
169
Shooting rifle
446
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Piquemal, Dedier P.
Poix
Pollet, Villard
Pons, Pierre
Pouilley
Poulenard
Proux, Etienne
Prunier, Gamille
Prunier, Maurice
Ragaine, Etienne
Ratier, Rene
Rault,
Regnier, Albert
Reine
Renard, Leon
Renom, Jean
Richard,
Rieu, Paul
Rigal, IG.
Roland, Paul
Rouches
Roux, Georges
Salain
Samazeuilh, Jean
Schmalzer, Georges
Seccaud, Jean
Seriaud
Seurin, Jean Rene
Seyis
Sommer, H.
Strohl, Emile
Sturdza, D. Gv.
Stuyler
Struxiano, Philipp
Tardieu, Jean
Adj.
555 Fencing epee, team
epee, foils, team foils
Pvt.
Rowing
Pvt.
1372 Tug of war
Asst. Vet.
405 Rugby team
16 Swim'g 800m. relay.
100m. free style
1417 200 m. hurdles
Medley relay
Corp.
1422 Standing broad jump.
Hop step and jump.
Sgt.
396 Wrestling Greco -Ro-
man middlewgt
374 Boxing welterwgt
Lt.
1425 Standing broad jump
Sgt.
1455 Javelin
Asp.
1399 Relay (4 men) 800 m.
(Army of Oc.)
Demob.
170 Shooting rifle
Sgt.
450 Soccer team
Capt.
171 Shooting rifle
Shooting pistol
Lt.
569 Fencing foils
Sgt.
Rowing
Pvt.
416 Rugby team
5 Water polo team
Lt.
365 Milit. comp., prize
jump'g pairs
465 Soccer team
Lt.
Cpl.
Pvt.
Sgt.
Lt.
Pvt.
Pvt.
Lt.
Maj.
Corp.
Pvt.
Lt.
2013
564
172
2281
1396
1371
29
433
2400
466
411
366
Tennis singles
Tennis team
Fencing epee
Shooting rifle
Hand-grenade throw
Relay (4 men) 800 m.
Relay (4 men) medley
100 m. dash
200 m. dash
Tug of war
Swim'g 200 m. br. st.
Rugby team
Fencing epee, team
epee, team foils
Soccer team
Rugby team
Milit. comp. pairs
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
447
Thierry, Robt.
Lt.
407 Rugby team
Thbnias, Marcel
373 Boxing middlewgt
Tinel, Alexis
Lt.
356 Riding pr. jumping,
military comp.
Tisnes, Frank
Capt.
359 Riding pr. jumping
Trouin
Pvt.
1376 Tug of war
Turaglio, Georges
Adj.
669 Basketball
Vache, Jules
Gapt.
Rowing
Vaganay
Pvt.
Rowing
Vanhuffel, Leon
Adj.
571 Fencing foils team
Vasseur, G.
Capt.
1379 Tug of war
Vasseur, Louis
1457 Discus
Shot put
Vaquer, Fernand
Adj.
Tug of war
Vaudiau, Pierre
Gapt.
409 Rugby team
Verain, Bohan, P.
Demob.
173 Shootine riile
Vermeulen, Jean
1383 Modifiied Marathon
Cross-country run
Vignoli
Corp.
470 Soccer team
Vincent, Louis
Lt.
Viry, Eugene
Lt.
Vogliano, J.
Golf
Wallon, Robert
Capt.
364 Milit. comp.
Prize jumping pairs
Ygnard, Armand
Sgt.
GREECE
174 Shooting rifle
Name
Rank
No. Event
Adam, Gonstantin
Lt.
206 Shooting rifle
Athinaios, Marin Basil
2238 Standing broad jum
Batrinos, Andre
2251 Shot put, 16 lbs.
Botassis, Gonstantine
Capt.
2200 Fencing epee
Calobratsos, Philopimim
Cantzas, Diamantis
Caracalos, Spiros
Castritsis, Const.
Chatziandreou, Georges
Cogopoulos, Gonstantin
Courendis, Evanguelas
Darivas, Anast.
Demerzis, Georges
Demerdzis, Demetre
Pvt.
Pvt.
Pvt.
Sgt.
Lt.
Sailor
Gpl.
Pvt.
Sgt.
Fencing team sabers
Fencing team epee
2154 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man lightwt
2254 1500 m. run
Modified Marathon
2199 Cross-country run
2219 Soccer
2231 Soccer
205 Shooting rifle
2230 Soccer
2234 Running high jump
2229 Soccer
2232 Soccer
448
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Dentias, Demetre
2153 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man middlewt.
Dimitriou, Stylianos
Pvt.
2256 800 m. run
Relay 1600m. (4 men)
Galafatis, Georges
Sgt.
: 2220 Soccer
Galanis, Ghristos
Cpl.
2209 Tug of war
Georgantopoylos, Jean
Lt.
2206 Tug of war
Grigoriadis, Georges
2213 Tug of war
Hadzidakis, George
2nd Lt.
204 Shooting rifle
Isaas, Is
2227 Soccer
Kagadis, Evan
Aspirant
2208 Tug of war ,
Kaparos, P. J.
Sgt.
207 Shooting rifle
Koltsakis, Const.
Pvt.
2233 Running high' jump
Kosmas, George S.
Pvt.
208 Shooting rifle
Kotoulas, Demetre
2211 Tug of war
Kotrotsos, Dem.
Cpl.
2223 Soccer
Koulouberdas, Georges
2258 Modified Marathon
Lesieur dit Helle
398 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man light heavywt.
Liondas, Agamemnon
Adj.
2218 Soccer
Loucakis, Spiro
Pvt.
128 Swim'g 400m. fr. st.,
«
800m.fr. st.,
1500 m. fr. st.
Mantas, Miltiades D.
Lt.
209 Shooting rifle
Mantelos, Athanassios
2198 Cross-country run
Moraitinis, Georges
2nd Lt.
210 Shooting rifle
Neofitos, Nicolas
Pvt.
2255 800m. run, 1500m. run
Niadas, Jean
2210 Tug of war
Nicolakakis, Jason
2252 100 meter dash
200 meter dash
Shot put, 16 lbs.
Notaris, Sotirios
Lt. Col.
2176 Fencing-epee,
team sabers,
team epee
Nouikos, Michel
Pvt.
2490 Javelin
Palavos, iTheodore
2197 Cross-country run
Panougias, L,
2228 Soccer
Papadopdiilos, Jean
2nd Lt.
2240 Shot put, 16 lbs.
Papagfeorgieu, George
Lt.
• 211 Shooting rifle
Papaioannou, Demetre
Sgt.
■ 2156 Hand-greiiade 'throw
Tug of war
Papafillipopoulos Evan.
2nd Lt.
. 2247 Javelin
Papathanassiou, Athan
2226' Soccer
Petra cos, Alex
S.Lt.
, 2207 Tug of. war
Poncreas, Menelas
Pvt.
2237 Hop, step and jump
Protopoulos, Andre
S. Lt.
2217 Soccer
"At '
Top — Start of cross-country run. Center left — Vermeulen, Prance, winner of cross country
run and modified Marathon. Center right — Vermeulen, center, cro.5sing tape in modified
Marathon. Bottom — Start of modified Marathon.
29
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
451
Psichas, Pandely
Reveliotis, Georges
Roumellietis, D. M.
Rqumbessis, Constantin
Sappas, Jean X
Saridakis, Pierre
Scotidas, Evang.
Sioris, Platon At^anas
Soulas, Athanase
Stavropoulos, Jean
Terezakis, Joseph
Totomis, George
Tragalos, Loucas
Trangas, Constantin
Triantafillacos, Triphon
Lt.
2nd Lt.
Pvt.
Pvt.
2nd Lt.
Pvt.
Cpl.
Warrant Offlc.
Pvt.
Sgt.
Lt.
Gad. Nav. Av.
Sgt.
Sgt,
S. Lt.
Triantafillacos, Demetre 2nd Lt.
Triantafillacos, Demetre Lieut.
Trimis, George D. Lieut.
Tsagas, Const.
Tsagaris, Spyridon Pvt.
Tsailas, Liberios Pvt.
Tsevoukas, Photios Pvt.
Tsipouras, Nicolas
Tsolanis, Panjota
Tzerachis, Jean Aspirant
Valaoritis, Aristide J. Cpl.
Vassilounis, Demetre Aspirant
Viches, Andre M. Sgt.
Vlachopoulos, Jean
Vlachaliis, Denis T. Lt.
Voltaire, Achille C. Pvt.
Volteras, Estef
Vrassivanopoules, Alex. Pvt.
Zalocostas, Christos Capt.
127
2250
212
2287
203
2225
3204
216
2246
2221
2216
215
2222
2260
2202
2243
213
214
2253
2205
2257
2155
2151
2150
2239
2203
2244
201
2224
201
217
2212
202
2359
Swim'g 100 m. fr. st.
200 meters br. st.
400 meters free st.
800 meters free st.
1500 meters free st.
Discus
Shooting rifle
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
Shooting rifle
Soccer
Fencing epee, team
foils, team sabers,
team epee
Shooting rifle
100m.dash,200m.dash
relay 800 m . (4 men)
Soccer
Soccer
Shooting rifle
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
Fencing epee, team
foils, team sabers,
team epee
100 meter dash
Hop step jump
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
200 meter dash
Fencing sabers
Fencing team sabers
Modified Marathon
Hand-grenade throw
Tug of war
Tug of war
Standing broad jump
Relay 800 m. (4 men.)
Fencing epee
Fencing team foils
Fencing team epee
Pole vault
Shooting rifle
Soccer
Shooting rifle •
Shooting rifle
Tug of war
Shooting rifle
Fencing epee
452
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Zarcadis, Basil Lt.
Zirganos, Eustatchs S.Lt.
2201 Fencing sabers
2245 Hand-grenade throw
Javelin
Name
Aguirre, Arthur
GUATEMALA
Rank
2nd Lt.
No. Event
575 100 meter run
Name
Farag, Ahmer
Fowzi, Mouhammed
Izzet, Ahmed
HEDJAZ
Rank
Capt.
Capt.
Lt.
No.
Event
1229 Horseridingmil.com.
1228 Horseridingmil.com.
1231 Horseridingmil.com.
Name
Aebi, Ermanno
Alberindo, Raffaele
Alberti, Guiseppe
Allegrini, Pasquale
Alvisi, Alessandro
Amalfi, Francesco
Andreoli, Carlo
Angelo, Binaschi
Antonelli, Giacomo
Ara, Guide
Arani, Dario
Arpe, Oreste
Ascani, Ascanio
Baccarini, Vito
Baldan, Egidio
Baldi, Baldo
Balena, Enrico
Ballau
Belezza, Virginio
Bernardoni, Guiseppe
ITALY
Rank
Pvt.
Sgt.
Sgt.
Pvt.
Capt.
Capt.
Sgt.
Lt.
Maj.
Lt.
Capt.
Pvt.
Lt.
Lt.
Cpl.
Lt.
Major
Sgt.
No. Event
1034 Soccer
968 Boxing lightweight
974 100 m. dash, relay 800
m.(4 men), relay 800
(4 men) A. of Oc.
1000 Hand-grenade throw.
953 Horseridingmil.com.,
prize jump'g pairs
948 Horseridingmil.com.,
prize jump'g pairs
2285 Running high jump.
1042 Soccer
947 Horse riding mil . c om .
prize jumping
1030 Soccer
250 Shooting rifle
1057 Wrestling Greco-Rom.
heavyweight
251 Shooting rifle
959 Basketball
983 1500 meter run
1047 Fencing team foils
Fencing team sabers
252 Shooting rifle
1060 Tug of war
58 Swim' g 200 m, br, st.
400 meters free st.
978 400 meter run
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
453
Bergamini, Agusto
Pvt.
Betini, Aldo
Bettini, Mario
Lt.
Bonini, Guiseppe
Pvt.
Borgia, Carlo
Lt'Col.
Bottura, Oprando
Lt.]
Bruna, Vittorio
Bucci, Amelio
Major
Cacciandre, Guilio
Capt.
Caffaratti, Ettore
Maj.
Campus, Peppy
Maj.
Candelori, Mario
Lt.
Capra, Carlo
Sgt.
Carano, Carlo
Pvt
Castelli, Nino
Cavenini, Luigi
Corp.
Cesare, Santanaria
Pvt.
Clerici, Fabio
Capt.
Colombo, M. L.
Cp.
Costa, Malito
Pvt.
Costa, Vittorio
Capt.
Croci, Georgio
Sgt.
DeLorenzi, Brunol
Pvt.
DeRisi, Gabriele
Capt.
Dolfino, Francesco
Mar.
Domenis, Vitterio
Carabiniere
Dones, Ermino
Sgt.
Fabi, Licurgo
Lt.
Fabris, Sante
Brig.
Ferrashi
Frassinetti, Francesco
Pvt.
Frassinette, Augostino
Ficher, Norberto
Lt.
Gargano, Andrea
Pvt.
Ghiringhelli, Carlo
Pvt.
Gressi, Attilio
Major
Guiseppe, Trivellini
Sgt.
Italo, Rosji
Capt.
Kustermann, Giovanni
Lucca, Emilio
Cpl.
Luigi, Bacigalupo
Lt.
1037 Soccer
Rowing
253 Shooting rifle
982 800 meter run
Shooting pistol
999 Javelin
Rowing
254 Shooting rifle
949 Horseridingmil.com.
prize jumping, ind.
951 Horse riding mil, com.
255 Shooting rifle
980 400m. run, 800m. run
1028 Soccer
1031 Soccer
Rowing
1036 Soccer
1040 Soccer
Rowing
Rowing
59 Swim'g 800 m. relay,
800 meter free st.
1001 Pentathlon
975 100m,dash,200m.dash
800 meter relay
Medley relay
996 Javelin
257 Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
258 Shooting rifle
Rowing
259 Shooting rifle
260 Shooting rifle
1059 Tug of war
63 Swim'g 100 m. fr. st,
129 Swim'g 800 m. relay
261 Shooting rifle
1053 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man middleweight
2284 Running high jump
262 Shooting rifle
1038 Soccer
1043 Soccer
61 Swim'g 100 m. fr. st.
Rowing
57 Swim'g 800 m. fr. st.
1500 meters fr. st.
800 m. relay
454
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Luigi, Gaudo
Capt.
954
Mantevani, Ermannio
Pvt.
967
Mareno, Guiseppe
Pvt.
1025
Maribi
1064
Martinenghi, Carlo
Pvt.
1026
Massa, Mario
Pvt.
60
Marzzorati, Enea
Pvt.
969
Menacci, Guglielmo
Major
263
Messano
1062
Moukani
1061
Muggiani, Arrigo
Lt.
954
Muggiani, Mario
Sgt. Maj.
956
Musia, Calisto
Major
264
Nadi, Aldo
2nd Lt.
1044
Nadi, Nedo
Lt.
1046
Negri, Autenore
Pvt.
972
Negri, Carlo
Lt.
966
Nespoli, Arturo
Sgt.
976
Nunes, Leo .
Lt.
1049
Olgeni, E.
Olgini, Mario
Oreste, Pascivti
Pvt.
998
Orlandi, Giovanni B.
Pvt.
977
Pagliani, Armando
Cpl. Maj.
971
Pampuri, Elia
Pvt.
1052
Parodi, Giovanni
Pvt.
1032
Pasciuti, Oreste
Pvt.
2259
Pastorini, Constantino
Major
265
Pecollo, Battista
Sgt.
960
Pezhoni, Carlo
Pvt.
995
Piacenti
1065
Picello, Frederico
Sgt.
267
Piero, Vaglia
Pvt.
1056
Riding prize juniping
Boxing welterweight
Cross-country run
Tug of war
Cross-country run
Swim'g 100 m. fr. st.
200m.br. St. 400m. f.s.
SOOm.f.s. 1500 m. fr.
st. 800 m. relay
Boxing bantamwgt
Shooting rifle
Tug of war
Tug of war
Basketball
Basketball
Shooting rifle
Fencing foils, sabers,
team foils, t'm sabers
Fencing foils, epee,
team foils, t'm sabers
Modified Marathon
Boxing middleweight
100 m. dash, 200 m.
dash, run'g. br. jp.,
relay 800 m. (4 men)
run'g br.j. (A.of Oc)
Fencing epee
Rowing
Rowing
Hand-grenade throw
200 m. dash,
Relay 800 m. (4 men
A.ofOc.)
Modified Marathon
Wrestling Greco -Ro-
man light heavywgt
Soccer
Javelin
Shot put 16 lb.
Shooting rifle
Basketball
Hop, step and jump.
Tug of war
Shooting rifle
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man featherweight
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
455
Piersantelli, Emilio
Lt. Col.
Pietro, Leone
Sgt.
Pontiggia, M. 0.
Cpl.
Porro, Enrico
Pvt.
Porro, Orturo
Pvt.
Puliti, Oreste
Sgt.
Ranghieri, Walter
Sgt.
Righi, Fulvio
Capt.
Salvi, G. Ercole
Lt.
Salvini, T. R.
Lt.
Sanguini, Plinio
Capt.
Sandrini, Renato
Lt.
Santena, Amedeo
Vice Brig.
Santena, Pacifico
Maresciallo
Sardi, Luigi
Sgt. Mai.
Sarorari, Feruccio
Lt.
Scaturin, E.
Serralunga, Natele
Cpl. Mag.
Sessa, Guiseppe
Pvt.
Silvio, Raso
Pvt.
Simonotti, Achille
Col.
Simonato
Somma, Umberto
Col.
Spalla, Ermino
Sgt.
Speroni, Carlo
Cpl.
Tarino, Alfredo
Sgt.
Tartaglia, Carlo
Terzi, Felia
Torlashi, G.
Capt.
Traverla
Tugnoli, Guiseppe
Sgt.
Ubertalli, Ruggero
Maj.
Urbani, Dino
Lt.
Urio, Plinio
Sgt.
Valle, Leane
Capt.
Vecchio, Renzo
Sgt.
Villa, Giovanni
Pvt.
Visconti
266 Shooting rifle
1039 Soccer
Rowing
1055 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man lightwt
984 1500 meter run
1051 Fencing foils,
sabers, team foils,
team sabers
1054 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man welterweight
268 Shooting rifle
981 400 meter run
800 meter run
Rowing
271 Shooting rifle
994 110 m. hurdles
269 Shooting rifle
270 Shooting rifle
1035 Soccer
272 Shooting rifle
Rowing
273 Shooting rifle
957 Basketball
1041 Soccer
274 Shooting rifle
1063 Tug of war
Shooting pistol
965 Boxing lightheavywt
973 Modified Marathon
Rowing
1024 Cross-country run
1027 Soccer
Rowing
1066 Tug of war
997 Hand-grenade throw
946 Horseridingmil.com.,
prize jumping
1048 Fencing sabers, epee,
team sabers
team epee
Rowing
952 Horseridingmil.com.
1029 Soccer
1002 110 meter hurdles
1058 Tug of war
456
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
NEWFOUNDLAND
1919
Name
Rank
No. Event
Marshall, F; W.
Capt
'•
576 Wrestling catch -as -
catch-can lightwgt
NEW
' ZEALAND
Name
Rank
No. Event
Coombes, W. G.
Sgt.
Rowing
Croll, G. L.
Sgt.
Rowing
Fry, J.
Sgt.
Rowing
Hadfield, D. C.
Sgt.
Rowing
Healey, G. A.
Sgt.
Rowing
Home, F. V.
Sgt.
Rowing
Keddell, Gerald Percy
Sgt.
645 Running broad jump
110 meters hurdles
Lester, G. L.
Lt.
Rowing
Lindsay, John
Sgt.
646 200 meter dash
100 meter dash
Running broad jump
Mason, Daniel Leslie
Sgt.
648 800 meter run
Running broad jump
McRoberts, J.
Sgt.
110 meter hurdles
Patterson, W.
Sgt.
Rowing
Prideaux, H. B.
Sgt.
Rowing
White, A. T.
Sgt.
Rowing
Wilson, G. H.
Sgt.
Rowing
Wilson, Harold E.
Sgt.
647 110 meter hurdles
Wilton, James H. R.
Sgt.
649 400 meter run
POLAND
Name
Rank
No. Event
Stachevitch, Alfred de
Capt
■•
1298 Fencing epee, sabers
PORTUGAL
Name
Rank
No. Event
Amorin, J. Costa
Lt.
770 Fencing foils
Aquino, Thomas
Lt.
54 Water polo team
Bastos, Bessibe R.
Lt.
51 Swim'g 1500 m. fr.st.
water polo team
800 m. relay
Bessons, Rodrigo
Lt.
Rowing
Branco, Jose
Lt.
Rowing
Brito, Raul
Lt.
Rowing
.* '«=-?'
S-»^
J » i- » 1 I
fug of war. Top — America. Upper center — America pulling against Italy. Lower center
Italy. Bottom left — Canada. Bottom right — Belgiinn.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
459
Burney, Carlos
€annas, Dario
Catarino, Antonio
Correia, Fernando
Costa, M. Ryder
Da Silva, H. Guilherme
De Carvalho, Joaquin
De Carvalho, Antonio J.
De Noronha, D. Eugenio
Dos Santos, Antonio
Damiao, Ant. Ferreira
Dias, Jose S.
Dias, Carlos
Duarte, Joaquin
Durao, Americo
Farinha, Fernando
Ferreira, Horacio
Ferreira, Ant. Soares And.
Ferro, Jorge
■Garcia, Antonio
■Gouveia, Gustav Adolpho
-Gritchen, C. Van
Jayme, Diocelciano
Leal, A. Correia
Lopes, Mario Augusto
Machado, Daniel Alberto
Martins, Ant. da Silva
Mascarenhas, Antonio
Mendenca, Franc. P. Stos
Montez, Antonio
Montez, Antonio Duarte
Motta, Oscar
Neupart, Augusto
Oliveira, Luiz
Osorio, Antonio
Paes, Alfredo da Costa
Paiva, Jorge
Rebelo, Herminio
Rocha, Anibal
Ruivo, Jose S.
Sabbo, Antonio V.
Rowing
2nd Lt.
300 Shooting rifle
Cpl.
304 Shooting rifle
Lt.
766 Fencing epee
Lt.
130 Water polo team
2nd Lt.
Shooting pistol
Sgt.
302 Shooting rifle
1st Sgt.
303 Shooting pistol
Ensign
317 Shooting rifle
Sgt.
311 Shooting pistol
Capt.
305 Shooting rifle
Capt.
753 Fencing sabers
Sgt.
306 Shooting rifle
Lt.
53 Water polo team
Swim'g 800 m. relay
200 m. breast str.
Lt.
767 Fencing epee
Lt.
765 Fencing epee
team epee
Lt. Col.
758 Fencing sabers team
Capt.
308 Shooting rifle
Lt.
Rowing
Sgt.
309 Shooting rifle
Lt.
Shooting pistol
Lt.
771 Riding milit. comp.
Sgt.
311 Shooting rifle
Lt.
1303 100m. dash
2nd Lt.
312 Shooting rifle
2nd Lt.
313 Shooting rifle
Lieut.
314 Shooting rifle
Capt.
764 Fencing epee.
team epee
2nd Lt.
315 Shooting rifle
Lt.
1607 Fencing sabers
2nd Lt.
316 Shooting rifle
Capt.
756 Fencing sabers
team sabers
Asp.
Rowing
Capt.
754 Fencing epee
Lt.
761 Fencing epee
Sgt.
318 Shooting rifle
Lt.
763 Fencing epee
team epee
Capt.
320 Shooting rifle
2nd Sgt.
321 Shooting rifle
Lt.
731 Boxing featherwt.
Capt.
752 Fencing sabers
team sabers
460
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Santos, Basilio
Scares, Antonio
Sobral, Carlos
Ventura, J. Veiga
Lt.
Sgt.
Lt.
Maj.
55 Water polo team
52 Water polo team
49 Water polo team
Swim 'g 800 m. relay
100m. freestyle
759 Fencing epee team
ROUMANIA
Name
Rank
No.
Adamiu, Illie
Sous Lt.
Alexo, V. Vasilo
Pvt.
35a
Alvirescu, Constantin
Lt.
1479
Amuzcescu, G. Giu
Sgt.
Atanasui, Sc.
Lt.
1498
Baciu, N. Niculae
PI. Maj.
351
Balan, Alexandru
Pvt.
2195
Balanesca, Jean R.
Capt.
2022
Baluta, Joan
Cpl.
352
Bentia, Gh.
2nd Lt.
2118
Bocrescu, Neageu
Lt.
1493
Brabateanu, Victor
2nd Lt.
2114
Bucurel, Constantin
Sous Lt.
353
Catana, Octav
Lt.
354
Catargin, P.
298
Cesianu, Dinui
S. Lt.
1494
Ciocan, Gheorghe
Cpl.
355
Constantinescu, Torr.
Lt.
2187
Cratunescu, Const.
2nd Lt.
2116
Cristea, Nicolae
S. Lt.
2170
Davila, Teodor
Capt.
1474
Dima, Hie
Sgt.
2185
Dimancescu, Ion
2nd Lt.
2112
Dimancescu, Dumitru
Lt.
2106
Dinca, Stefan N.
Cpl.
356
Dona, Dumitrui
1471
Dona, Petre
Sgt.
1468
Draghici, Aurel
Lt.
2111
Dragomirescu, Gh.
Lt.
2108
Ene, Radu
Cpl.
2165
Eremie, Horace
Capt.
2014
Event
Shooting pistol
Shooting rifle
Soccer
Shooting, pistol
Fencing epee team,,
foils, team foils
Shooting rifle
Modified Marathon
Tennis singles
Shooting rifle
Rugby
Fencing epee,
team epee
Rugby
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
Swim'g 100 m. fr. st.
Fencing foils
Shooting rifle
Running high jump
Rugby
1500 m. run
Relay medley
Soccer
Modified Marathon
Rugby
Rugby
Shooting rifle
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man heavyweight
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man ligtht heavywt
Rugby
Rugby
Medley relay
Tennis singles,
doubles, team
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
461
Filip, Jacob
Major
Florea, Scarlat
Cpl.
Florian, Theodor
Georgescu, Constantin
Lt.
Georghui, Dan
Gapt.
Ghitescu, N. Vasilo
Major
Ginita, Vasile
Lt.
Glodariu, Anibal
Lt.
Grigorescu
Gapt.
Hillard, Ernest
Iconomu, Barbu
Lt.
Iconomu, Ion
Lt.
Iconomu, Mircea
Lt.
Iconomu, Virgil
2ndLt
Iliescu, Joan
Lt.
loregovan, Saba
Lt.
lovanescu, Ladislau
Lazar, Petre Lt.
Lecca, Serge Gapt.
Madancovici, N. Major
Maiorescu, Dumitru S. Lt.
Manole, Gonstantin Gapt.
Manu, Henry Lt.
Mares, Savu Lt.
Marescu, Nicolae 2nd Lt.
Marinescu, Marin S. Lt.
Marinescu, Stefan Lt.
Metianu, Eugen Lt.
Mihaeseu, loan Lt.
Minescu, Gonst. Lt.
Mishu, Nicholas Lt.
Mocanu, Aurel Sgt.
Moraretu, Alexandru Gpl.
Murarescu, Vicentiu S. Lt.
Nencuibescu, N. Gapt.
Nicolau, Gh. Lt.
Nicolescu, Gheorghe Gapt.
Niculescu, Dumitriu
Petrescu , G . Gonstantin Lt .
2123 Riding Mil. comp.
prize jumping pairs
2192 Modified Marathon
1487 Soccer
1480 Soccer
1492 Fencing foils,
team epee
357 Shooting rifle
1481 Soccer
2173 400 meter run
2174 100 m. dash
Javelin
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
1484 Soccer
2104 Rugby
2105 Rugby
2102 Rugby
299 Swim'g 200 m. br.st.
Shooting pistol
2190 Shot put, 16 lb.
Discus
Running high jump
87 Swim'g 100m.fr. st.,
200 m. br. str.
2159 Javelin
2024 Tennis singles, doub.
2124 Riding milit. comp,
prize jump, pairs
1483 Soccer
358 Shooting rifle
2109 Rugby
1483 Soccer
2115 Rugby
360 Shooting rifle
2178 400 m. medley relay
1477 Soccer team
361 Shooting, rifle
2169 Relay 800 m. (4 men)
2015 Tennis singles,
doubles, team
2167 1500 m. run
2164 200 m. dash
2186 Running broad jump
1490 Fencing epee
1497 Fencing foils team
363 Shooting rifle
1485 Soccer
364 Shooting rifle
462
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Petrovici
Lt.
2171 200 m. dash
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
Pojogeanu, Petre
Lt.
2160 Javelin
Polizu, Radu
Capt.
2101 Rugby team
Popesen, Alex.
2182 Discus
Popovici, Constantin
1473 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man light hvywt.
Racovita, Alexandra
S. Lt.
1496 Fencing epee
team epee
Radulescu, Const.
Lt.
1482 Soccer
Ramniceanu, Mihai
Capt.
2126 Riding prize jumping
Roman, Horia
Capt.
1475 Soccer
Rosea, Stefan N.
Cpl.
Shooting pistol
Sacareanu, Nicolae
1488 Soccer
Salvan, Virgil
Lt.
1465 Boxing welterweight
Sasulescu, Alexandra
Lt.
1467 Soccer
Sava, Joan N.
Cpl.
Shooting pistol
Savu, Mehil
Capt.
1491 Fencing epee team,
foils, team foils
Shmetau, Rudolph
Sgt.
2119 Rugby
Sontica, G. Gh.
Sgt.
Shooting pistol
Sotir, Gh.
2290 Riding prize jumping
Soutzo, Demitriu
Col.
2127 Riding milit. comp.
prize jumping
Spulbor, Jon. N.
Cpl.
Shooting pistol
Staicu, Nicolae
Sgt.
2168 1500 m. run
Staniu, Joan
S. Lt.
Shooting pistol
Stanoscu, Virgil
S. Lt.
Shooting pistol
Stegarvin
2329 Cross-country run
Stern, Mihail
Lt.
2023 Tennis Singls., dbls.
Tenescu, J. Constantin
Lt.
365 Shooting rifle
Teodoreanu, C.
S. Lt.
1499 Fenc'g foils, tm. foils
Ticleanu, Gh.
Ad. S.Log.
2110 Rugby
Traian, Butu
Lt.
1478 Soccer
Tudor, Gh.
Plutenier
362 Shooting rifle
Valienato, Panait
Pvt.
2158 100 m. dash, 200 m.
hurdles, relay 800 m.
(4 men) , medley relay
Vartolemeu, Simion
Capt.
366 Shooting rifle
Vasilescu, Nicolae
Sgt. Maj.
2183 Discus
Vicol, Stefan
2193 Gross-country run
Vidrascu, Mircea
Lt.
2113 Rugby
Vlasceanu, J. Jean
Sgt.
367 Shooting rifle
Voicu, Starr
2188 Cross-country run
Vraca, Nicolae
2nd Lt.
2117 Rugby
Vulturescu, Gr.
Capt.
2125 Riding prize jumping
Yonoscu, Virgil
S. Lt.
Shooting pistol
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
463
Name
SERBIA
Rank
Arambachitch, Bogidare
Atanatzkovitch, Milenko
Borota, Branco Capt.
Braditch, Radoslav
Briklel Youlie
Brikler, Fragno
Brucker, Julie
Danitchitch, Stnicha
Deditch, Nicola
Dimitch, Radnilo
Dinitch, Branko
Gavanaski, Tocha
Givanovitch, Vlast. T.
Govedarevitch, Vitomire
Gradoievitch, Mihailo
Ivkovitch, Lyoubicha 2nd Lt.
Konstantinovitch, Montch.
Kopriva, Frant Sgt. Maj.
Kostitch, Milan
Kovatchevitch, Bogolioube
-Krstitch, Alexandre
Krstitch, Andrea
Krstitch, Dragolioube
Lazarevitch, Vladale
Marinovitch, Peter
Marianovitch, Svetizar
Markovitch, Miodrague
Markovitch, Nicola
Markovitch, Montchilo
Milochevitch, Mladin
Miloikovitch, Yovan
Milovanovitch, Pivota
Milrta, Nedic
Miovitch, Miloche
Mitrovitch, Voukachiche
Mladenovitch, Mirko
Momirovitch, Douchan
Mouchketarovitch Douch.
Mouritch, Miloche
Neditch, Vassilie
No. Event
Sokol team
Sokol team
1 Swim'g 1500m.fr. St.
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
2027 Tennis singles
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
578 Javelin
Discus
Shot put 16-lbs.
Sokol team
306 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man light heavywgt.
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
2016 Tennis singles,
doubles, team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
Sokol team
464
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Pavolitch, Draguicha
Sokol team
Pavlovitch, Lioubivoie
Sokol team
Pavlovitch, Miodrague
Sokol team
Peitchitch, Miloche
Sokol team
Popovitch, Velimire
Sokol team
Popovitch, Stanoie
Sokol team
Popovitch, Bota
2017 Tennis singles,
doubles, team
Radovitch, Douchon
Lt.
519 100 meter dash
Radovitch, Alexandre
Sokol team.
Roujitch, Yovan
Pvt.
579 100 meter dash
Savitch, Nocodie
Sokol team
Stanoevitch, Sava
Sokol team
Stephanovitch, Yovan
Sokol team
Stevanovitch, Yladislave
Sokol team
Stoiadinovitch, Simon
Sqkol team
Stoiitchevitch, Radoslave
Sokol tearn
Tassitch, Dragolioube
Sokol team
Tchirovitch, Milorade
Sokol team
Tzekitch, Todor
Sokol team
Vassitch, Dragomire
Sokol team
Yankovitch, Miodrague
Sokol team
Yourichitch, Bogidare
Sokol team
Yovanovitch, Gonstantine
Sokol team
Yvkovitch, Lioubicha
Sokol team
Zagar, Zatka
2028. Tennis singles
Zlatko Geagai
Sokol team
UNITED STATES
Name
Rank
No. ■ Event
Aaron, Edward
Gpl.
2059 Baseball
Ames, Waldo B.
2nd Lt.
859 110 meter hurdles .
Anderson,' Henning
Gpl.
2053 Baseball
Asher, John'
1343 Boxing bantamwgt.
Barker,
Lt.
608 Soccer
Bartlett, A. M.
Gapt.
Golf
Bartol, J.'G.
2nd Lt.
2142 Fencing, foils team,
sabers team.
Becker; Englebert W.
Pvt.
2064 Baseball
Bender,' GHas. A, '
Gapt.
894 Hop step jump. .
Beveridge; James
Sgt.
. Go f
Beverley, J. R.
1st Lt.
400 Shooting pistol
Biddle, S. M. '
Sgt.
110 Swim'g;' iOO m . fr. st;.
100 m. back stroke
. ..:.. AQO.xn. free style ''^
Relay 800 m.
Biersack, Henry
Sgt.
109 Swim 'g. 200 m.br.sfer.
-^■' - ..^ / ., ■ ^.
30
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
467
Bird, Paul
Corp.
401
Bittel, Edward
Lt. Col.
402 Shooting pistol
Brauseu, Simon P.
Cpl.
2054 Basebal
Breck, Henry C.
Lt.
2018 Tennis singles,
doubles team..
Brennan, Matthew W.
Sgt.
936 Basketball
Bronder, Geo.
2nd Lt.
905 Javelin
Brown, L. E.
Sgt.
940 Basketball
Butler, Solomon
Pvt.
811 100 meter dash
Running broad jump
Byrd, Richard L.
1st Lt.
889 Discus
Campbell, Floyd F.
1st Lt.
827 Relay medley (4 men)
Campbell, Tom
Sgt.
828 Relay 1600m. (4 men)
Campbell, Verle H.
1st Lt.
829 Relay 1600m. (4 men)
Caughey, Edgar
2nd Lt.
912 Shot put, 16-lbs.
Chamberlain, H. D.
Lt. Col.
1069 Riding mil. comp.
prize jumping
Chambers, Ernest
Sgt.
2068 Baseball
Chenoweth, Leland A.
Sgt.
400 Shooting rifle
Clark, H. E.
Sgt.
939 Basketball
Clark, Edward L.
Gun. Sgt.
403 Shooting pistol
Clock, Herbert
1st Lt.
1035 Rugby
Cobb, A. '
Sgt.
806 Tug of war
Coe, Golles J.
Lt.
Rowing
Collins, Hugh
604 Soccer
Collins, Wm. J.
580 Soccer
Comeau, Henry A.
Maj.
2134 Fencing epee
Cooke, H. E.
Lt.
Rowing
Copeland, Ed.
Cpl.
783 Tug of war
Coppedge, James F.
2nd Lt.
401 Shooting rifle
Cotton, Richard E.
Capt.
402 Shooting rifle
Coulter, John W.
2nd Lt.
1320 Rugby
Crawford, William
581 Soccer
Crawford, J. A.
1st. Lt,
404 Shooting, pistol
Crawley, Theo. B.
Sgt.
403 Shooting, rifle
Creel, Ira
Sgt. .
2066 Baseball
Cunat, Joe H.
582 Soccer
Davis, Hairy
Lt.
Golf
Davison, E. L.
Cpl.
Golf
Dean, Lloyd
Sgt.
2058 Baseball
Dell, James W.
Col. Sgt.
405 Shooting pistol
Deyfus, Adam
Sgt.
2051 Baseball
Disbrow, Harry M.
Capt.
.•■' 404 Shooting rifle
Doing, R. T.
Cp. .
1162 Basketball
Dole, Kenneth L.
Capt.
1306 Rugby
Dougall, Robt. S.
583 Soccer
Douglas, Raymond E,
Pvt.
94 Swim'g. 800 m. fr. st.
Water polo.
468 THE INTER-ALLIED
GAMES — 1919
Doxtater, Everett
Sgt.
405 Shooting rifle
Downer, J. W.
Lt. Col.
1071 Rinding mil. comp.
prize jumping
Duben, James
Cpl.
2065 Baseball
Duncan, James
1st Lt.
911 Discus
Duncan, Melvin E.
Sgt.
406 Shooting pistol
Eagan, Edward
1338 Boxing middleweight
Eby, Earl
1st. Lt.
831 400 meter run
800 meter run
Erb, Arthur L.
1st Lt.
1334 Rugby
Erwin, Lucius S.
2nd Lt.
898 Pole vault
Evans, P. W.
Lt. Col.
407 Shooting pistol
Faller, Fred
Cpl.
850 Modified Marathon
Farley, Cal
1359 Wrestling catch-as-
catch-can welterwt
Fay, John
Wagoner
776 Tug of war
Fields, Stephen C.
2382 Tug of war
Fields, Thos. S.
Cpl.
932 Relay 800 m. (4 men
A. of Oc.)
Fish, Geo. W.
1st Lt.
1336 Rugby
Fish, Manns J.
2nd Lt.
2062 Baseball
Fisher, R. T.
2nd Lt.
1307 Rugby
Fitzpatrick, James P.
Cpl.
1322 Rugby *
Fleisher, Louis E.
2nd Lt.
2137 Fencing foils, team
foils, team sabers
Floyd, Florin W.
2nd Lt.
899 Pole vault
Freidman, Max
Lt.
934 Basketball
Fundy, John
1342 Boxing featherweight
Fuller, Wheeler B.
2nd Lt.
2061 Baseball
Gale, Guy H.
Lt.
Rowing
Gallagher, Bernard
584 Soccer
Gardner, Harold F.
Sgt.
91 Swini'g.l00m.bk.str.
800 m. relay.
Water polo team
Gardner, Robert H.
585 Soccer
Garey, E. B.
Lt. Col.
408 Shooting pistol
Giannakapolis, Nick
Cook
851 Cross-country run
Modified Marathon
Gray, Leman
Sgt.
406 Shooting rifle
Gray, Wm. G.
Pvt.
832 400 meter run
Relay medley (4 men)
Greene, Geo. R.
Mast. Engr
1160 Basketball
Greene, W. S.
Capt.
Golf
Griffin, Lloyd E.
1st Lt,
409 Shooting pistol
Grika, John T.
Sgt.
407 Shooting rifle
Gross, Jesse
Sgt.
2060 Baseball
Haddock, Marshall Jr.
Pvt.
814 200 meter dash
Hall
Lt.
605 Soccer
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
469
Hampson, John
609 Soccer
Hance, R. T.
1st Lt.
2136 Fencing foils, team
foils, team sabers
Hanly, James T. B.
Sgt.
118 Swim'g 1500m.fr. St.
Harant, L. J.
2nd Lt.
410 Shooting pistol
Hart, Pearl 0.
Sgt.
Golf
Harwood, Robert
2nd Lt.
902 Pole vault
Haskell, C. G.
Gapt.
Golf
Haas, Carl F.
Pvt.
813 Relay medley 4 men
Hausen, J. S. R.
Pvt.
1354 Wrestling Greeco-Ro-
man welterwt
Hauser, Henry P.
Hosp. Sgt.
1324 Rugby
Heelan, Thomas
586 Soccer
Henderson, D. L.
Major
1074 Riding, mil. com.,
prize jumping
Hennigan, James
Pvt.
852 Gross-country run
Henson, Lester V.
Gy. Sgt.
408 Shooting rifle
Higgins, Chas.
Sgt.
910 Discus
Higgins, James F.
587 Soccer
Hinks, J. M.
2nd Lt.
112 Swim'g. 100m.fr. St.,
relay 800 meters
Hodges, G. H.
Lt. Gol.
409 Shooting rifle
House, Meredith J.
1st Lt.
865 200 meter hurdles.
Howell, Joshua Zophar
1st Lt.
125 Swim'g. 200 m.br.st.
Hudson, Maurice
599 Soccer
Hume, Andy
602 Soccer
Humphreys, James W.
Pvt.
893 Standing broad jump
Hurley, Harlow
Lt.
Golf
Jefferies, J. Amory
Lt.
Rowing
Johnson, Garl
Wag.
775 Tug of war
Johnson, G. H.
Gpl.
784 Tug of war
Johnson, James F.
1st Lt.
411 Shooting pistol
Johnson, Leo T.
1st Lt.
880 Running broad jump
Johnston, R.
804 Tug of war
Johnston, Victor W.
588 Soccer '
Kearns, Sylvester
1st Lt.
410 Shooting rifle
Keeler, Frank D.
Gpl.
1325 Rugby
Kelly, Fred W.
2nd Lt.
860 110 meters hurdles
Kelly, Michael
Mesg.
412 Shooting pistol
Kingsland, Douglas
Gapt.
Rowing
Klem, Matt
Go . Sgt.
413 Shooting pistol
Knapp, Harry
Pvt.
2057 Baseball
Kewa lis, J. R.
Lt.
933 Basketball
Kryskow, Walter
1355 Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man middlewt
LaMotte, C. K.
Lt. Gol.
414 Shooting pistol
Lang, Robert G.
Gpl.
120 Swim'g. 800m.fr. St.,
1500 m. fr. st.
470
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Larsen, Clinton
Lawless, Joseph T.
Legendre, Robert L.
Leon, Harry S.
Lightfoot, Vernon W.
Littlejahault, George
Liversedge, Harry
Loftis, Isaac D.
Long, P. W.
MacElernay, Michal J.
MacFarlane, John M.
MacKernan, Hugh
Madsen H.
Lt.
1st Lt.
Cpl.
Pvt.
Pvt.
1st Lt.
Cpl.
1st Lt.
Mahoney, John T.
Sgt. .
Manly, John F.
2nd Lt.
Mariott, Wm. E.
Sgt.
Martin, Bob
Matheson, Geo. E.
Wag.
Mathey, Dean
Lt.
Maxfield, Wallace C.
2nd Lt.
May, Wm. Jr.
Lt.
McDonald, W. H.
Cpl.
McFarren, G. B.
Cpl.
McHenry, J. H.
Lt.
McNaught, Thos. J.
McNiel, Bennie
McTernan, Meredith J.
Meehan, Edw. J.
1st Lt.
Merchant, B.T.
Col.
Meyers, Walter A.
Capt.
Middendorf, Henry S.
Lt.
Middleton, C. W.
Capt.
Millington, Seth
1st Lt.
Miller, Ernest C.
Cpl.
Mitropohs, Peter
Pvt.
Monihan, J. Wilson
1st Lt.
Moore, Frederic H.
Pvt.
Moore, James P.
Morse F. 0.
Lt.
Moser, H. J.
Pvt.
Nelson, Henry N.
2nd Lt
870 Running high jump
411 Shooting rifle
887 Pentathlon
817 Relay 800 meters (A.
of Oc.)
2067 Baseball
1361 Wrestling catch-as-
catch-can featherwt
903 Javelin
Shot put
793 Tug of war
415 Shooting pistol
607 Soccer
589 Soccer
606 Soccer
603 Soccer
2138 Fencing epee
90 Swim'g. 400in.fr. St.
Water polo.
2050 Baseball.
1347 Boxing heavyweight
786 Tug of war
2019 Tennis singles,
doubles, team
914 Discus
935 Basketball
97 Water polo
799 Tug of war
Rowing
590 Soccer
1350 Boxing lightweight
601 Soccer
577 Relay 1600 meters
1067 Riding miUtary com.
prize jumping
412 Shooting rifle
Rowing
Golf
1326 Rugby
416 Shooting pistol
1360 Wrestling catch -as -
catch-can lightwgt
116 Swim'g 200m.br. St.
1312 Rugby
591 Soccer
Golf
803 Tug of war
417 Shooting pistol
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
471
Novak, Wm.
Corp.
Norman, Abraham W.
2nd Lt.
Norris, Robert R.
1st Lt.
Norton, Al.
O'Hara, Faber
Pvt.
O'Neil, J. T.
Pvt.
Oliver, William
Osborne, Frank 0.
Osborne, John F.
Pvt.
Paddock, Chas.
2nd Lt
Pallatier, J. A.
Sgt.
Parcaut, Ralph
Patterson, Robert
Pedan, Roy F.
Sgt.
Penny, Louis
Capt.
Peyton, Leland K.
Cpl.
Pierson, S. N.
Lt.
Polk, Joe
Posey, H.
Pvt.
Prehn, Wm.
2055
907
1327
1348
2056
1328
592
593
872
822
938
1357
594
931
413
Prem, Herbert 1st Lt.
Pullen, D. D. Col.
Pullen, Royal R. Capt.
Purdue, A. A. Pvt.
Rautenbush, William Sgt.
Raymond, D. R. Capt.
Reid, George H. Sgt.
Reynolds, Lynn
Rice, Carl Sgt.
Robertson, Fred
Rogers, H. L. Maj.
Rogers, Herbert W. 1st Lt.
Ross, Norman 2nd Lt.
Rouse, James M. Wag.
778
1358
881
2132
418
419
598
873
600
88
, 114
795
Baseball
Pentathlon
Soccer
Boxing lightweight
Baseball
Rugby
Soccer
Relay 800 m. (4 men)
A. of Oc.
100 meter dash
200 meter dash
800 m. relay (4 men)
Basketball
Wrestling catch-as-
catch-can light hea-
vywt.
Relay 800m.(A. of Oc.)
Rowing
Shooting rifle
Golf
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man heavyweight,
catch -as- catch- can
heavyweight
Tug of war
Wrestling catch-as-
catch - can middle
weight
Hop step and jump.
Fencing team sabers
Rowing
Shooting pistol
Golf
Shooting pistol
Golf
Soccer
Running high jump
Soccer
Rowing
Water polo
Swim'g 100 m. fr. st.
100m.br. St., 400m.fr.
St., 800m.fr.s., 1500m.
fr. St., relay 800 m.,
water polo
Tug of war
473
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Rudiger, Geo. R.
Sgt.
Scarry, John A.
1st Lt.
Schardt. Arlie A.
1st Lt.
Schrader, C. A.
Cpl.
Scott, S. L.
Maj.
Scott, Robert J.
Scudder, Lawrence T.
Lt.
Sears, Robert
Lt. Col,
Selbie, Chas. C.
1st Lt.
Shaw, Earl N.
Cpl.
Shepard, Alfred
Shields, M. Lawrence
Sgt.
Simpson, Robert L
1st Lt.
Slocum, L. H.
1st Lt.
Smith, DeWitt D.
Sgt.
Smith, Robert W.
1st Lt.
Smith, Stanley
1st Sgt
Snavely, Gordon
2nd Lt.
Snyder, 0. F.
Lt. Col
Solbert, 0. N.
Col.
Spink, Phil M.
Pvt.
Spooner, Lloyd S.
1st Lt.
Stauffer, 0. B.
1st Lt.
Stephens, W. B.
Pvt.
Stevens, Neil G.
Capt.
Stevenson, C. L.
Lt. Col.
Stewart, Edward B.
Corp.
Stickney
Storie, Thomas
Stout, Clyde J.
2nd Lt,
Sweetser, Arthur
Capt.
Sylvester, Wm. F.
2nd Lt,
Taulbee, E. W.
Lt. Col
Taylor, B. F.
Pvt.
Taylor, Geo.
Sgt.
TayloB, Wm. H.
andLt,
Templeton, R. C.
2nd Lt.
Teschner, Ed. A.
2nd Lt,
Thornburn, Jas. H.
1st Lt.
937 Basketball
103 Water polo
921 1500 meter run
1314 Rubgy
420 Shooting pistol
595 Soccer
838 800 meter run
414 Shooting rifle
421 Shooting pistol
797 Tug of war
598 Soccer
922 1500 meter run
Relay medley
863 110m. hurdles
200 m. hurdles
1315 Rugby
425 Shooting rifle
415 Shooting rifle
416 Shooting rifle
1330 Rugby
424 Shooting pistol
2133 Fencing foils
team foils
839 400m. run, 800m. run
417 Shooting rifle
422 Shooting pistol
2141 Fencing foils, epee,
team sabers
2031 Tennis singles
2242 Riding military com.,
prize jumping
418 Shooting rifle
Boxing light heavywt
1344 Boxing welterweight
846 1500 m. run
Modified Marathon
2030 Tennis singles.doubles
864 200 meter hurdles
1070 Horseridingmil.com.
926 Running broad jump
(A.of Oc.)
2063 Baseball
891 Standing broad jump
876 Running high jump
825 100 m. dash, 200 m.
dash, relay 800 m.
relay 1600 m.
1331 Rugby
Top left — Prize presented by President Wilson for track and field events. Top center — Prize
presented by National Committee of Physical Education, Sports and Social Hygiene for
boxing. Top right — Prize presented by General Pershing for Shooting— rifle team. Bottom
upper left and right — Prizes presented by King of Italy for rowing eights. Bottom center —
Prize presented by Mr. Clemenceau. Bottom lower left — Cloisonne vase presented by H. E.
Hoc Wei Teh of China to nation winning cross-country run. Bottom lower right — Silver
loving cup presented by H. E. Lou Tseng of China to the nation winning the greatest
number of points in riding competition.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
475
Thomas, Marcel
Thompson, Fred C. Chaplain
Thompson, S. H. Cpl.
Titus, Richard J. Corp.
Torkelson, E. A. Lt.
Twomby, Irving F. 2nd Lt.
Vermillion, Bernard B. Pvt.
Vidal, Gene L. 2nd Lt.
Vidmir, Geo. W. Col.
Walker, Wesley W. Capt.
Waller, C. W. Jr. Maj.
Walton, H. R. Lt.
Warren, David J. Cpl.
Washburn, Watson M. Capt.
Waters, Fred Cpl.
Walsh, Harry S.
West, W. W. Jr. Col.
Westphal, Wm. C. 1st Lt.
White, Van C.
1st Lt.
Wiecek, Joseph Jr.
Sgt.
Wilder, Benj. H.
2nd Lt
WiUiams, Glen
Capt.
Wilson, Bilhngs
Wiman, C. D.
Capt.
Windsor, Ardis E.
Cp.
Wiseman
Withington, Paul
Ma .
Worthington Harry T.
2nd Lt,
Wycavage, D. C.
Zuna Frank F.
Cook
373
2148
2145
419
826
1317
924
878
2130
420
421
892
2020
426
596
1068
2135
1076
422
423
423
424
2364
883
2149
858
Boxing middleweight
Hand-grenade throw
Hand-grenade throw
Shooting rifle
Relay 800 meters
Rugby
Running broad jump
(A. of Oc.)
Pentathlon
Fencing team sabers
Shooting rifle
Shooting rifle
Golf
Standing broad jump
Tennis singles,
doubles, team
Shooting rifle
Soccer
Riding mil. comp.,
prize jumping
Fencing foils, team
foils, epee.
Riding prize jumpg.
Shooting pistol
Shooting pistol
Shooting rifle
Rowing
Rowing
Shooting rifle
Wrestling Greco-Ro-
man bantamwgt.
Rowing
Running broad jump
Hand-grenade throw
Cross-country run
476
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
LIST OF WINNERS, INTER-ALLIED GAMES
BASEBALL
Series won by U.S., defeating Canada, 3 out of 4 games.
1st Game — 23 June — Won by U.S., score 5-0
2nd " —27 June— " " Canada, score 2-1
Srd " — 4 July— " " U.S., score 10-0
4th " — 6 July— " " U.S., score 12-1, 7 innings.
United States.
Debus, Adam, Sgt., 1st B.
Harriot, William E., Sgt. 2nd B
Anderson, Henning, Corp. S.S.
Brausen, Simon P., Corp. 3rd B.
Novak, William, Corp.
O'Hara, Faber J., Pvt.
Knapp, Harry, Pvt.
Dean, Lloyd, Sgt.
Aaron, Edward, Corp.
Gross, Jesse, Sgt.
Fuller, Wheeler B., 2 Lt
Fish, N.J. 2nd Lt.
Taylor, George, Sgt.
Becker, Englebert W
Duben, James, Corp,
Creel, Ira, Sgt.
Lightfoot, Vernon W
Chambers, Ernest, Sgt
Canada.
Peckham, Earle S., Pvt. C.
Sheppard, Victor C, Corp. C.
Kurd, Ernest, Pvt., P.
Tate, Ernest R., Pvt. P.
Clayton, Ralph E., Gnr. P.
Odgers, Richard B., Sgt. P.
Daly, Maurice, Pvt. P.
Barker, Fred A., Sgt. P.
Chalmers, Norman H., Sgt. P.
Edis, John, F., Capt. 1st B.
Dewhurst, Whitney G., Pvt. 1st B.
Klaehn, Alfred, Pvt. 2nd B
Wright, William N. Pvt. S.S.
Latimer, Larry, Pvt. 3rdB.
Gilpatrick, Paul, Pvt. 3rdB.
Carmel, Larry, Pvt. L.F.
Smith, Frank S. G.F.
Robinson, Clarence W. Spr. C.F.
Thompson, Alexander T., Cpl. R.F.
BASKET BALL
Winner — United States
Second — Italy.
Pvt
Pvt
Catch.
F.
F.
F.
F.
IstB.
P.
Catch.
P.
P.
P.
P.
Catch.
P.
United States
937 Ruddiger 1160
933 Kewallis 939
936 Brennan 935
938 Pelletier 940
934 Friedman 1162
Italy.
Greene 2391 Muggiani, A.P.
Clarke 2392 Sessa
May 2393 Baccarini
Brown 2394 Pecollo
Doing 2395 Muggiani, M.
2396 Bianchi
2397 Palestra
2398 Bagnoli
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 477
BOXING
Bantamweight —
Winner — 1209 Evans, Albert, Australia
Runner-up — 969 Marzzorati, Enea, Pvt. Italy
Featherweight-
Winner^ 382 de Ponthieu, Louis, France
Runner-up— 1342 Fundy, John, United States
Lightweight —
Winner— 1350 McNeill, Bennie, United States
Runner-up — 1204 Watson, Thomas C, Australia
Welterweight —
Winner — 679 Atwood, J. Sgt., Canada
Runner-up — 374 Prunier, Maurice France
Middleweight —
Winner— 1338 Eagan, Edward, United States
Runner-up — 373 Thomas, Marcel, France
Light Heavyweight —
Winner — 965 Spalla, Erminol, Sgt., Italy
Runner-up — 1199 Pettybridge. John W., Spr., Australia
Heavyweight —
Winner— 1347 Martin, Bob, United States
Runner-up — 1197 Goghill, Gordon, Capt. Australia
CROSS COUNTRY RUN
First Vermeulen, Jean 1383. . . France 31 m. 38.8 s.
Second. . .Broos, Augusto, Corporal . .1103. . .Belgium
Third . . . Heuet, Gaston, Sgt 1391 . . . France
FENCING, FOILS, TEAM.
First, France, 127 points. Second, Italy, 125 points.
555 Picquemal, Didier P., Adj. 1046 Nadi, Nedo, Lieut.
566 Gauthier, Lieut. 1044 Nadi, Aldo, 2nd Lieut.
568 Huguet, Victor, Pvt. 1051 Puliti, Oreste, Sgt.
569 Renon, Jean, Lieut. 1047 Baldi, Baldo, Lieut.
570 Andrieux, R., Pvt. 1048 Urbani, Dino, Lieut.
571 Van Huffel, Leon, Adjt. 1050 Cesarano, Frederico, Capt.
FENCING, FOILS, INDIVIDUAL.
First 1046 Nadi, Nedo, Lieut. Italy
Second 555 Picquemal, Didier, Adj. France
Third 566 Gauthier, Lieut. France
478
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
FENCING,
First, France, 17 points.
555 Picquemal, Didier, Adjt.
556 Laurent, E.H., Sergeant.
561 Peronnin, Henri, Lieut.
558 Gornereau, Gaston, Serg.
560 Lippmann, A.
559 Moreau, Emile, Pvt.
EPEE, TEAM.
Second, Portugal, 10 points.
760 Goncalves, Carlos, Lieut.
759 Ventura, J. Voiga, Major.
762 Parodes, Frederico, Lieut.
763 Paiva, Jorge, Lieut.
764 Mascarhenhas, Antonio, Gapt.
765 Farinha, Fernando, Lieut.
FENCING, EPEE, INDIVIDUAL.
First Laurent, Henri . . . Sgt 556 France
Second . . . Paiva, Jorge Lt 763 Portugal
Third . . .Feyerick, Robert 1084 Belgium
FENCING, SABER, TEAM.
1046
1048
1050
1044
1047
1051
First, Italy, 19 points.
Nadi, Nedo, Lieutenant
Urbani, Dino, Lieutenant
Gesarano, Frederico, Gapt.
Nadi, Aldo, 2nd Lieutenant
Baldi, Baldo, Lieutenant
Puliti, Oreste, Sergeant
Second, Portugal, 8 points.
751 Rocha, E. Vieira, Col.
752 Sabbo, Antonio V., Gapt.
753 Dias, Jose S., Gapt.
754 Oliveira, Luiz, Gapt.
756 Motta, Oscar, Gapt.
758 Ferreira, Horacio, Lt. Gol.
FENCING, SABER, INDIVIDUAL.
First 1090. . .Gillens, Vincent, N. G. Belgium
Second. . . .542. . .Ancel, Adjutant France
Third . . . ( 336. . .Gipora, Joseph, Lieut Gzecho-SIovakia
I 547. . .Perodon, Gaptain France
FOOTBALL, SOCCER.
First, Gzecho-SIovakia, 3 points.
309 Peyer, Frantisek, Corporal
310 Klapka, Rudolf, Private
313 Steiner, Karel, Private
312 Hojer, Antonin, Private
311 Pospisil, Miroslav, Sgt.
314 Loos, Valentin, Aspirant
315 Fivebr, Antonin, Private
316 Pesek, Karel, Corporal
323 Sedlacok, Josef, Private
538 Janda, Antonin, Sgt.
Second, France, 2 points.
449 Lesur, Henri, Private
457 L'Hermitte, Rene, Sergeant.
436 Renier, Albert R., Pvt.
451 Nicolas, Paul G.M., Pvt.
443 Ghayrigues, P., Pvt.
462 Deydier, Paul, Pvt.
453 Dubly, Raymond, Pvt.
444 Gamblin, Lucien, Lieutenant
460 Gastiger, Pierre, Corporal
459 Gastiger, Maurice, Sergeant
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
479
321 Pilat, Vaolav, Private
322 Vanik, Jan, Pvt.
324 Prosek, Vaclav, Aspirant
319 Cerveny, Jaroslav, Private
318 Vlk, Karel, Private
320 Subert, Vaclav, Private
2380 Madden, John
326 Gruss, Joe, Captain
446 Graveline, Maurice, Pvt.
447 Hugues, Frangoise A., Sgt.
464 Langenove, E., Pvt.
454 Devica, Emilien, Private
FOOTBALL, RUGBY.
First, France, 8 points.
412 Bordes, Frangois, Pvt
408 Cassayet, Aime, Pvt
415 Cayrefoure, Edmond, Pvt
414 Crabos, Rene, Pvt
406 Dillenseger, Rene, Captain
418 Elichondo, Pierre, Captain
425 Fauthoux, Pierre, Pvt
410 Galiay, Paul, Pvt
413 Jaureguy, A., Pvt.
419 Lasserre, Rene Felix, Sgt.
404 Nicolai, Jean, 2nd Lt.
405 Pons, Pierre, Asst. Vet.
416 Rieu, Paul, Pvt
433 Strohl, Emile, 2nd Lt.
411 Struxiano, Phillip, Pvt
407 Thierry, Robert, Lt.
409 Vaquer, Fernand, Adjutant
420 Manco, Louis, Pvt
Second, United States, 3 points.
1303 Cleck, Herbert, 1st Lt.
1320 Coulter, John W., 2nd Lt.
1306 Dole, Kenneth L., Captain
1334 Erb, Arthur L., 1st Lt.
1336 Fish, George W., 1st Lt.
1307 Fisher, R. T., 2nd Lt.
1322 Fitzpatrick, James P., Corp.
1324 Hanser, Henry P., Hosp. Sgt
1325 Keeler, Frank D., Corp.
1326 Millington, Seth, 1st Lt.
1312 Moore, Frederic H., Pvt.
1327 Norris, Robert R., 1st Lt.
1328 O'Neil, J. T., Pvt
1315 Slocum, L. H., 1st Lt.
1330 Snavely, Gordon, 2nd Lt.
1331 Thoburn, James H. 1st Lt.
1317 Twombey, Irving F., 2nd Lt.
1314 Schrader, Charles A., Corp.
GOLF
Four-Ball (18 holes)— Team Competition.
First, France.
Members of Team:
2336 Golias, R.
2339 Cavallo, Marius
2331 Gommier, R.
2335 Bomboudiac, J.
2334 Lafitte, E.
2333 Dauge, M.
480 THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
2330 Massy, Arnaud
2338 Gossiat, J.
Singles (36 holes) —
First Massy, Arnaud, 2330 France.
Score, 5 up, 4 to play
Strokes, 112 in 32 holes
Runner-up Dauge, M 2333 France.
Strokes, 116 in 32 holes
HORSE-RIDING COMPETITION
Military Competition — Team (I).
First, France.
Total points of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Competitors, 88.707
Members of Team:
353 Major Joseph de Soras Points 29.708
355 Lieut. Paul Larregain " 29.541
354 Lieut. Frangois de Rivoyre " 29.458
356 Lieut. Alexis Tinel " 29.208
Substitutes:
357 Captain Guy Pinon
358 Captain Antoine Costa
Second, America.
Total points of 1st, 2nd. and 3rd Competitors 88.541
Members of Team:
1069 Lt. Col. H. D. Chamberlain Points 29.625
1070 Lt. Col. E. W. Taulbee " 29.583
1067 Colonel R. T. Merchant " 29.333
1068 Colonel W.W. West, Jr " 28.917
Substitutes:
1071 Lt. Col. J. W. Downer
1072 Lt. Col. R. E. Anderson
Third, Italy.
Total points of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Competitors 87.832
Members of Team:
949 Captain Giulio Cacciandra Points 29 . 541
952 Captain Leone Valle " 29 .333
948 Captain Francesco Amalfi " 28.958
946 Major Ruggero Ubertalli " 28.583
Presentation of medals l.y General PershinR. Toy Zc/'— Prentli riding team recen-iiig midals.
Tov right-^MnioT Morel, Belgium, receiving medal. Center left— Giiptiiin Citno Lacciandra,
lUly, receiving cup. Ceiiler rir//ii— General Wolf presenting winners m shooting competition.
Bottom left— General Wolf reviving team tr.iphy Xoi- shooting. Bottofn right— G^-nevai 1 ershing
shaking hands with Blwood S. Brown, Y. M. C. A. Athletic Director.
31
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 483
Substitutes:
951 Major Ettore Caflaratti
947 Major Giacomo Antonelli
Winners of individual place in Military competition.
First 353 Major Joseph de Soras France . Points 29.708
Second 1069 Lt. Col H.D. Chamberlain.. America " 29.625
Third 2267 Ct. Ed. Morel de Westgaver Belgium. " 29.625
Prize Jumping — Individual (II).
First 946 Maj, Ruggero Ubertalli. Italy Total Points 239
(Riding Treviso).
Second 2123 Maj. Filip Jacob Roumania. Total Points 238
(Riding Beby).
Third 946 Maj. Ruggero Ubertalli. Italy. . . . Total Points 237
(Riding Ernani).
Prize Jumping — In Pairs (III).
First I ^'^^ ^^J- ^^^'°™° Antonelli. Italy .. 1 ^^^^j p^.^^^ ^36
( 953 Capt.AlessandroAlvisi . Italy .. \
Second ^^^ ^^J- ^''SS'''' Ubertalli. Italy .. j p^^^^^ ^^
aecona j g^^ j^^. ^^^^^^ Caffaratti. . Italy .. i
Third I 358 Capt.Antoine Costa ... France I Total Points 231
I 353 Lt. Paul Larregain .... France )
ROWING, SINGLES SCULLS
First Hadfield, D. C, . . Sgt New Zealand. 7 min. 54 sec.
Second Giran, Sgt France
Third Withington,*Paul, Maj United States
ROWING, FOUR-OARED SHELLS
First, France, 7 min. 26 2-5 sec. Second, United States.
Stroke, Bouton, Sgt. Stroke, Withington, Paul, Maj.
3, Vaganay, Pvt. 3, Wiman, C. D., Capt.
2, Cordier, Sgt. 2, Wilson, BiUings, Capt.
Bow, Barrelet, Lt. Bow, Cooke, H. E., Lt.
Cox., Barberalle, Cpl. Cox., Gale, Guy H., Lt.
ROWING, EIGHT-OARED SHELLS
First, England, 6 min. 26 3-5. Second, Australia
Stroke, Hartley, Hubert Stroke, Disher, Clive, Capt.
484
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
7, Buxton, Clarence
6, Buxton, Maurice
5, Dixon, Arthur
4, Campbell, John
3, Swan, Alfred
2, Peake, Harold
Bow, Boret, Herbert
Cox., Johnstone, Hobin
7, Mettam, George, Gunner
6, House, Frederick, Lt.
5, McGill, Thomas, Lt.
4, Scott, Arthur, Gunner
3, Davis, Lyndhurst
2, Newall, Harold, Lt.
Bow, Robb, A., Sgt.
Cox., Smedley, Albert, Sgt.
SHOOTING
Army Rifle — Team Competition.
First, America,
Members of Team:
401 Coppedge, James F., 2nd Lt
415 Smith, Robert W., 1st Lt
406 Gray, Leman, Serg
416 Smith, Stanley, 1st Sgt
403 Crawley, Theo. B., Serg
419 Titus, Richard J., Corp
408 Henson, Lester V., Gy. Serg
404 Disbrow, Harry M., Capt
412 Meyers, Walter A., Capt
417 Spooner, Lloyd S., 1st Lt
420 Walker, Wesley W., Capt
425 Williams, Glen, Serg
Second, France,
Members of Team:
164 L'Hostis, Jean, Lt Points
168 Percy, Louis, Demob
163 Lajoie, Jean, 2nd Lt
156 Durand, Raymond, Corp
162 Johnson, Leon, Demob
155 Dupuis, Paul., Capt
175 Colas, Demob
161 Hardy, Pierre, Demob
165 Mahieu, Jules, Capt
150 Angelini, Charles, Major
171 Renard, Leon., Capt
157 Fray, Andri, 2nd Lt
Points 2651
230
227
227
226
225
222
221
219
217
217
215
207
2416
Points
219
215
214
208
207
206
206
199
192
191
183
175
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 485
Third, Canada, Points 2351
Members of Team:
62 Mortimer, George— Major Points 216
67 Richardson, Fred — Major " 213
69 Spalding, Frank, Lt " 206
61 Morris, William 0., Major " 205
72 Vincent, Joseph H., Lt " 202
60 Mclnnes, Dugald, Serg " 195
56 Hutchinson, Roger G., Major " 193
52 Francis, Edward D. T., Lt " 190
Newman, Nathaniel, Col. Sgt " 185
59 Martin, Fred R., Capt " 185
55 Hay, John, Serg " 184
57 Johnson, Frederick G., Capt " 177
Army Rifle — Individual Competition:
First 416 Smith, Stanley, 1st Serg Points 275
Second 408 Henson, Lester V., Gy. Serg " 266
Third 419 Titus, Richard J., Corp " 263
Pistol Competition — Individual:
First 412 Kelley, Michael, M.E.S.G Points 669
Second 419 Raymond, D. R., Capt " 648
Third 401 Bird, Paul, Corp " 647
Pistol Competition — Team.
First, America, Points 4080
Members of Team:
419 Raymond, D. R., Capt Points 427
412 Kelley, Michael, M.E.S.G " 421
407 Evans, P. W., Lt. Col " 413
411 Johnson, James F., 1st Lt " 413
401 Bird, Paul' Corporal " 412
409 Griffin, Lloyd E., 1st Lt " 411
405 Dell, James W., Col. Serg " 409
400 Beverley, J. R., 1st Lt " 400
402 Bittel, Edward, Lt. Col " 389
414 LaMatte, C. K., Lt. Col " 385
Second, France Points 3828
Members of Team:
155 DeCastelbajac, Capt Points 413
158 Gandon, Henri, Demob " 412
486
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
172 Vaudiau, Pierre, Capt " 393
161 Barbillat, Major " 393
167 Renard, Leon., Capt " 391
165 Pecchia, Joseph, Serg " 387
160 Guizien, Louis, Lt " 380
162 Mazuc, Fernand A., Demob " 372
164 Moreaux, Leon., Major " 354
157 DeVarino, Bohan P., Capt, " 333
Third, Italy Points 3369
Members of Team:
265 Sarorari, Ferruccio, Tene Points 384
260 Piersantelli, Emilio, Tene. Col " 366
264 Sanguini, Plinio, Capit " 354
262 Santena, Amedeo, Vice Brig " 353
250 Ascani, Ascanio, Sott. Ten " 349
267 Somma, Omberto, Col " 330
251 Borgia, Carlo, Tene. Col " 329
263 Santena, Pacifico, Maresc " 329
266 Samanotti, Achillo, Col " 311
261 Ruffo, Giuseppe, Tene. Col " 265
United States 64.6 sec.
Australia.
United States 1 m. 31.4 s.
SWIMMING
100 Meters, Free Style-
First 114 Ross, Norman, 2nd Lieut.. .
Second 77 Solomons, L. T., Driver. . . .
Third 75 Stedman, Ivan C, Bomber
100 Meters, Back Stroke—
I^irst 114 Ross, Norman, 2nd Lieut.. .
Second 91 Gardiner, H.M., Sergeant . . " "
Third 14 Lehu, Daniel, Private France.
200 Meters, Breast Stroke-
First 29 Sommer France
Second 109 Biersack, Henry, Sergeant . United States
Third 64 Hallard, Richard, Private .. France.
400 Meters, Free Style-
First 114 Ross, Norman,2nd Lieut.. . . United States
Second 76 Longworth, W., Lieut Australia.
Third 75 Stedman, Ivan C, Bomber . "
3 m. 24.4 s.
5 m. 40.4 s.
Athletes receiving medals from General Pershing. Upper Zr/i— Butler, winner in the broad
jump. Upper riyht — Norman Boss, the American swimming champion. Center left — Spalla,
Italy, and Martin, U. S. Center right — A line of U. S. winners. Loiver left— R\ido\ph Klapka,
one of the Czecho-Slovakian soccer champions. Lower rif/Ai— Baseball players receiving medals.
PERSHING STADIUM
PARIS
489
800 Meters, Free Style-
First 114 Ross, Norman, 2nd Lieut..
Second 76 Longworth, William, Lieut
Third 78 Hardwick, H. H., Sergeant
1500 Meters Free Style-
First 114 Ross, Norman, 2nd Lieut..
Second 78 Hardwick, Harold H., Serg
Third 57 Bacigalupo, Luigi, Lieut. . .
800 ]kleters Relay, Free Style-
First, Australia.
78 Hardwick, Harold H., Sgt.
75 Stedman, Ivan C, Bomber
76 Longworth, William, Lieut.
80 Dexter, J., Private
Third, Italy.
57 Bacigalupo, Luigi, Lieut.
59 Costa, Malito, Private
60 Massa, Mario, Private
126 Frassanetti, Angostino, Pvt.
Time: 10 min. 11.2 sec
United States 12 m. 34 s.
Australia.
United States 24 m. 22.4 s.
Australia.
Italy.
Second, United States.
114 Ross, Norman, 2nd Lieut.
112 Hinks, J. M., 2nd Lieut.
110 Biddel, S. M., Sergeant
91 Gardiner, H. S., Sergeant
Singles: Winner
Runner-up
Doubles: Winners
Runners-up
Teams: Winners
Runners-up
TENNIS
2012 Gobert, Andre H., Lieut. . .
2002 O'Hara-Wood, Pat, Capt. ..
2002 O'Hara-Wood, Pat, Capt. ..
2001 Lycett, Randolph, Bomb. ..
2020 Washburn Watson, Capt. . .
2019 Mathey, Dean, 1st Lieut. . .
2002 O'Hara-Wood, Pat., Capt. .
2001 Lycett, Randolph, Bomb . . .
2003 Patterson, Gerald L., Lieut .
2020 Washburn, Watson, Capt. .
2019 Mathey, Dean, 1st Lieut. . .
TRACK AND FIELD
100-Meter Dash-
First 822 Paddock,CharlesW, 2nd Lt. U.S.A.
Second 825 Teschner, Edw. A., 2nd Lt. U.S.A.
Third 726 Howard, J. A., Private . . . Canada
France
Australia
Australia
United States
Australia
I)
United States
)i "
10.8 sec.
490
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
200 Meter Dash-
First 822 Paddock, Gh. W., 2nd Lt..
Second 825 Teschner, Edw. A., 2nd Lt
Third 646 Lindsay, John, Sergeant ..
400 Meter Dash-
First 831 Eby, EarlA., IstLt. ... U.
Second 839 Spink, PhiHp M., Private.
Third 649 Wilton, James H. R., Sgt .
800 Meter Run-
First 648 Mason, Daniel L., Sgt
Second 831 Eby, Earle A., 1st Lt
Third 839 Spink, Philip M., Private .
1500 Meter Run-
First 846. Stout, Clyde J., 2nd Lt. . . .
Second 1406 Arnaud, Henri, Sergeant . .
Third 722 LaPierre, H.E., Private .. .
Modified Marathon —
First 1383 Vermeulon, Jean, Private .
Second 850 Faller, Fred, Corporal ....
Third 1389 Heuet, Danton
110 Meter High Hurdles-
First 863 Simpson, Robert I., 1st Lt.
Second 860 Kelley, Fred W., 2nd Lt ..
Third 647 Wilson, Harry E., Sergeant,
200 Meter Low Hurdles —
First 863 Simpson, Robert I., 1st Lt.
Second 864 Sylvester, Wm. F., 2nd Lt
Third 863 House, Meredith, 1st Lt. ..
Running High Jump —
First 870 Larsen, Clinton, 1st Lt
/ 1432 Labat, Andre, Sergeant. .
Second 873 Rice, CarlV., Sgt.Major..
( 876 Templeton, R. L., 2nd Lt.
Running Broad Jump —
First 811 Butler, Solomon, Private. . .
Second 883 Worthington, HT., 2nd Lt.
Third 880 Johnson, Leo T., 1st Lt. . .
U.S.A.
New Zealand.
S.A.
New Zealand.
New Zealand.
U.S.A.
U.S.A.
France
Canada
France
U.S.A.
France
U.S.A.
New Zealand.
U.S.A.
21.6 sec.
50 sec.
1 m. 55.4 s.
4 m. 5.6 s.
55 m. 11.8 s.
15.2 sec.
25.8 sec.
U.S.A.
1.864 meters
France
)
U.S.A.
1.827 meters
U.S.A.
7.557 meters
?J
7.264 "
?!
6.62
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS 491
Standing Broad Jump —
First 891 Taylor, William H., 2nd Lt U.S.A.
Second 893 Humphries, James W., Pvt "
Third 1424 Moreau, Emile, 2nd CI. Pvt France
Rumning Hop, Step and Jump —
First 881 Prem, Herbert L., IstLt... U.S.A.
Second 894 Bender, Charles A. Gapt...
Third 897 Madden, John E., Capt. . .
Pole Vault-
First 899 Floyd, Florin W., 1st Lt. . U.S.A.
Second 898 Ervin, Lucius S., 2nd Lt. .
Third 902 Harwood, Robert, 2nd Lt..
Throwing the Javelin — •
First 905 Bronder, George E., 2nd L. United States 55.816 meters
Second 903 Liversledge, Harry, 1st Lt. "
Third 2245 Zirganos, Eustathios, 2nd Lt. Greece
Throwing the Discus —
First 910 Higgins, Charles Sgt., United States
Second 889 Byrd, Richard L., 1st Lt...
Third 911 Duncon, James, 1st Lieut.. "
Putting the Shot (16 lbs)—
First 912 Caughey, Edw. R., 2nd Lt. United States 13.776 meters
Second 903 Liversledge, Harry, IstLt... " 13.576 "
Third 915 Maxfield, Wallace. C, 2d Lt " 12.873 "
Hand-Grenade Throw —
First 2148 Thompson, Fred C. Chap. United SI
Second 2145 Thompson, S. H. Corp.
Third 2149 Wycavage, D. C. Sgt.
Pentathlon —
First 887 Legendre, Robert L., Corp. U.S.A.
Second 878 Vidal, Gene L., 2nd Lt. . . .
Third 1363 Andre, George, Sgt France
800 Meter Relay Race-
First, America, 1 min. 30.8 sec. Second, Canada.
822 Paddock, Charles W., 2ndLt. 726 Howard, J. A.— Private
814 Haddock, Marshall, Jr.., Pvt. 715 Haliburton, R.— C.Q.M.S.
826 Torkelson, Howard T, Pvt. 728 Zoellin, F. J.— Private
825 Teschner, Edward A., 2ndLt. 727 Johnson, 0. P.— Private
3.400 meters
3.270
)J
3.098
J?
14.081 meters
13.542
J)
13.479
n
3.675 meters
3.575
J J
3.45
)7
55.816 meters
53.87
J J
48.689
71
40.883 meters
40.038
J1
36.112
11
tates.
74.929 m.
11
73.915 "
11
66.552 "
Total Points 461
11
431.
2
11
398.4
492
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES — 1919
Third,
1179 Carter, Ernest, Sgt.
1180 Hume, Leslie J., Driver
1600 Meter Relay Race-
First, America, 3 min. 28.8 sec.
828 Campbell, Thomas, Sgt.
829 Campbell, Verle H., 1st Lt.
577 Meehan, Edward J., 2nd Lt.
825 Teschner, Edward A., 2nd Lt
Third,
1401 Devaux, Andre, Adj.
1402 Delvart, Henri, Sgt.
Medley Relay Race —
First, America, 7 min. 43.4 sec.
813 Haas, Carl F., Private
832 Gray, William C, Private
827 Campbell, Floyd F., 1st Lt.
922 Shields, M. Lawrence, Sgt.
Third,
1396 Seurin, Jean R., Private.
1417 Poulenard,
Australia
845 Johnson, William, Private
1181 Carroll, Harold V., Driver.
Second, Australia.
2399 Chalmers, R. D., Lt.
845 Johnson, WiUiam, Pvt.
1180 Hume, Leslie J., Driver
1184 Eraser, Thomas, Sgt.
France
1403 Dumont, Raoul, Corporal
1400 Laubestrand, R, Private
Second, Australia.
1180 Hume, Leslie J., Driver
1179 Carter, Ernest, Sergeant
1183 Bergmeier, Chs. B., Private
1188 Manley, Chfford, Sergeant
France.
1446 Dandelot, G., Mai. de Logis.
1408 Lakary, Hamed, Corporal
TUG OF WAR
First, America.
804 Johnston, R. H., Mast.Engr. 2366
775 Johnson, Carl J. L., Wagoner 2367
776 Fay, John W., Wagoner. 2368
778 Posey, Harley, Private 2369
786 Mathesen, George E., Wag. 2370
795 Rouse, James N., Wagoner 2371
797 Shaw, Earl H., Corporal 2372
799 McFarren, George B., Corp. 2373
806 Gobb, Alfred R., Sergeant 2374
803 Moser, H. R. J., Private 2375
238 Fields, Stephen C, Sgt. 2376
784 Johnson, Chester, H., Corp. 2377
793 Loftis, Isaac, Corporal 2378
783 Copeland Edmund, Corporal 2379
Second, Belgium.
Baltynck, Leopold, Sgt.
Den Tweck, Alidor, Private
Van Eecke, Helairi,
Vandewille, Victor,
Nicolaes, Alphonse,
Servaes, Isidore,
Vandenborn, Jean,
Casiers, Camille,
Lambrecht, Jules, 1st
Cill, Leon, Sgt. Major.
Reymen, Henri, Private
DeCuyper, Arthur, Private
Van Humbeeck, Hector, Sgt.
Hoever, Albert, Sergeant
PERSHING STADIUM — PARIS
493
WRESTLING, CATCH-AS-CATCH-CAN
Bantamweight —
Winner 1362 Slinger, Frank.
(No other contestants).
Featherweight —
Winner 1361 Littlejahault
Runner-up 1215 Taylor, Albert W., Sgt.
Lightweight —
Winner 1360 Mitropolis, Peter
Runner-up 576 Marshall, F. W., Capt.
Welterweight —
Winner 1359 Farley, Cal.
Runner-up 1214 Bridges, Alfred F., S. M.
Middleweight —
Winner 1358 Prehn, William
Runner-up 1213 Palmer, John R., Spr.
Light Heavyweight —
Winner 1357 Parcaut, Ralph
Runner-up 1211 Meeske, William, Sergeant
Heavyweight —
Winner 402 Salvator, Chevalier
Runner-up 1356 Polk, Joe
U.S.A.
United States
Australia
United States
Newfoundland
United States
Australia
United States
Australia.
United States
Australia
France
United States
WRESTLING, GRECO-ROMAN
Bantamweight —
Winner 2364 Wisenan
Runner-up 2365 Behomet
Featherweight —
Winner 1256 Dierck
Runner-up 1056 Vaglio, Pierre, Pvt.
Lightweight —
Winner 301 Beranek, Joseph, Corp.
Runner-up 1055 Porro, Enrico, Private.
Welterweight —
Winner 303 Halik, Karol, Private.
Runner-up 1253 Savonet
United States
France
Belgium
Italy
Gzecho-Slovakia
Italy
Gzecho-Slovakia
Belgium
494
THE INTER-ALLIED GAMES
1919
Middleweight —
Winner 1251 Van Antwerpen
Runner-Up 1053 Gargano, Andrea, Pvt.
Light Heavyweight —
Winner 306 Kopriva, Frant, Sgt. Major.
Runner-Up 305 Dostal, Joseph, Corporal.
Heavyweight —
Winner 400 Bechard, Frangois, Mtre Point.
Runner-Up 1248 Goels
WATER POLO
Belgium
Italy
Serbia
Gzecho-SIovakia
France
Belgium
First, Belgium.
65 Durant, Albert, Sergeant
66 Steffans, Fernand, Sergeant
67 Fleurix, Georges, Private
68 Boin, Victor, Lieutenant
69 Gludts, Joseph, Sergeant
70 Dewin, Pierre, Gorporal
71 Delahaye, Alphonse, Corporal
72 Everaerts, Edmond, Sgt. Maj.
73 Wyts, Julien, Private
74 Deman, Frangois, Corporal
Second, France.
6 Dujardin, P.
4 Pernod, M.
3 Decoin, H.
5 Rigal, G.
14 Lehu
22 Neistei, G.
15 Jouault, H.
10 Mayand, Y., Private
12 Jorre, Private.
8 Niver, Private
13 Rodier, Lieut.
SPECIAL EVENTS, ARMIES OF OCCUPATION.
Running Broad Jump —
First 897 Madden, John E., Captain U.S.A. 6.615 meters
Second 976 Nespoli, Arturo, Sergeant Italy 6.466 "
Third 1430 Coulon, Aspirant France 6.237 "
800 Meter Relay (Track)—
First, France, 1 min. 33.6 sec. Second, Italy.
1400 Laubestrand, R., Private 976 Nespoli, Arturo, Sergeant
1397 Girard, Rene, Private 975 Crool, Giorgio, Sergeant
1398 Labanoat, Raoul, Ml d Logis 977 Orlandi, Gio. Battist, Private
1399 Rault, Pierre, Aspirant. 974 Alberti, Guiseppe, Sergeant
Third, America.
932 Fields, Thomas S., Corporal 817 Leon, Harry S., Private
931 Pedan, Roy F., Sergeant 872 Osborne, John F., Private
Top left-Fvesontation of medals. Top riaW-Americun '^f'^\^''^^J^;i-,^t^^^,
trophie.. Center Ze/i-Soccer trophy won by Cz.cho-Slovakian tram. Center^ ngM Mm
U.S.,recpiving medal. Bottom Ze/<-Maxfield, U. S., receiving medals. Bottom ng/it iundy,
XJ. S., receiving medal.
Lowering the flag on the last day.
